共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
A V Datsenko V V Shikhodyrov V A Korneliuk 《Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i émbriologii》1986,90(1):69-72
By means of mark scale estimation method, discriminant and factor analyses, changes in integral indices on the state of mast cells in the rat mesentery have been investigated in dynamics of medullary, intestinal and cerebral forms of an acute radiation sickness. The integral indices are calculated basing on the morphometric parameters of the cells, that are obtained after the histological preparations are treated in a special automatic system for analysing images. At the medullary form of the acute radiation sickness, the greatest structural rearrangements of the mast cells take place during the first hours after the radiation, as well as during the climax of the disease, at the intestinal form, the analogous changes are revealed 1-3 days after the effect, and at the cerebral form--3 h after the radiation. The integral indices, calculated by means of the three methods, are well correlated with each other. 相似文献
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3.
A study was made of late biological effects of radioactive carbon (14C-glycine) applied in acute doses. The course of radiation sickness, at its acute stage, is similar to that of acute radiation sickness caused by external gamma-irradiation. The recovery is slow, and the disease becomes chronic exhibiting metabolism disturbances and early death of animals. Radioactive carbon has a pronounced blastomogenic action. 相似文献
4.
Changes of a phase nature develop in the APVD system cells of rats, dogs, and monkeys exposed to electron radiation of doses inducing a cerebral form of radiation sickness. These changes in the morphofunctional status of APVD system cells may be considered as a syndrome displaying acute radiation apudopathies. 相似文献
5.
Adalja AA Watson M Wollner S Toner E 《Biosecurity and bioterrorism : biodefense strategy, practice, and science》2011,9(4):345-350
After the detonation of an improvised nuclear device, several key actions will be necessary to save the greatest number of lives possible. Among these tasks, the identification of patients with impending acute radiation sickness is a critical problem that so far has lacked a clear solution in national planning. We present one possible solution: the formation of a public-private partnership to augment the capacity to identify those at risk for acute radiation sickness. 相似文献
6.
The comparative evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of the micronucleus and chromosome aberration tests for human lymphocytes at the delayed terms after acute exposure to high-dose as well as during constant exposure to low-dose gamma-radiation has been done. Accordance between these tests registered only in the cases of acute radiation sickness of second and third degrees of severity (irradiation doses above 200 cGy). Unspecificity of micronucleus test for estimation of the radiation load under constant low-intensity irradiation was found. 相似文献
7.
Ahmad Raza Khan Poonam Rana Ritu Tyagi Indracanti Prem Kumar M. Memita Devi Salim Javed Rajendra P. Tripathi Subash Khushu 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2011,7(4):583-592
Radiation accidents are rare events that induce radiation syndrome, a complex pathology which is difficult to treat. In medical
management of radiation victims, life threatening damage to different physiological systems should be taken into consideration.
The present study was proposed to identify metabolic and physiological perturbations in biofluids of mice during different
phases of radiation sickness using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy and pattern recognition (PR) technique. The 1H NMR spectra of the biofluids collected from mice irradiated with 5 Gray (Gy) at different time points during radiation sickness
were analysed visually and by principal components analysis. Urine and serum spectral profile clearly showed altered metabolic
profiles during different phases of radiation sickness. Increased concentration of urine metabolites viz. citrate, α ketoglutarate,
succinate, hippurate, and trimethylamine during prodromal and clinical manifestation phase of radiation sickness shows altered
gut microflora and energy metabolism. On the other hand, serum nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra reflected changes
associated with lipid, energy and membrane metabolism during radiation sickness. The metabonomic time trajectory based on
PR analysis of 1H NMR spectra of urine illustrates clear separation of irradiated mice group at different time points from pre dose. The difference
in NMR spectral profiles depicts the pathophysiological changes and metabolic disturbances observed during different phases
of radiation sickness, that in turn, demonstrate involvement of multiple organ dysfunction. This could further be useful in
development of multiparametric approach for better evaluation of radiation damage as well as for medical management during
radiation sickness. 相似文献
8.
Dynamics of cell regeneration in the small intestine epithelium of man has been investigated in normal conditions and after acute exposure to ionizing radiation. It is suggested that the severity and outcome of the intestinal form of acute radiation sickness are determined by the time interval within which the number of functional cells of the epithelium villi remains below some threshold level that provides the retention of barrier properties of the small intestine. 相似文献
9.
V N Mal'tsev 《Journal of hygiene, epidemiology, microbiology, and immunology》1979,23(2):121-128
Statistical analysis of data from the literature and the author's own experimental results was carried out in order to reveal functional dependence between the dose of irradiation and the development of endogenous infection in an irradiated organism. Direct linear dependence was established between the dose of irradiation and the severity of endogenous infection at doses causing death from the "bone-marrow" syndrome in acute radiation sickness. In the case of death from the "intestinal" syndrome, inverse linear dependence can be observed between the dose of irradiation and the culture yield of microbes from internal organs. In this case, the pathological effect on the organism is due to bacterial endotoxins formed during disintegration of microbial cells in the organism. Endogenous infection and endotoxinaemia essentially aggravate the course of acute radiation disease. The importance of endogenous infection in death of the organism is neutralized after irradiation in doses causing death "under the ray". 相似文献
10.
Isolated rat peritoneal mast cells actively secrete histamine in response to reaginic or chemical stimulation. Mast cells
were irradiated in a waveguide microwave exposure chamber at 2450 MHz with power absorptions of 8.2 and 41.0 mW/g for periods
up to 3 h. These levels of microwave absorption caused no change in the morphological characteristics or viability of the
cells. Irradiated mast cells were stimulated with compound 48/80, a potent, noncytotoxic histamine releasing agent. The dose
response curves showed that neither prior nor simultaneous irradiation of mast cells at 37°C affected 48/80-induced secretion.
However, microwave power absorptions of 41.0 mW/g inhibited secretion at 44.0°C. Precise measurements of the effect of heat
on secretion indicated that this level of inhibition could have been produced by a radiation induced increase in cell temperature
between 0.4 and 0.9°C above ambient levels. Alternatively, the heat stress produced at 44°C may have sensitized the cells
to the electromagnetic effects of the microwave radiation. Rat peritoneal mast cells can therefore be useful as a model for
the study of functioning secretory cells during microwave irradiation and can also be used to monitor the synergistic effects
of cell heating during in vitro exposure. 相似文献
11.
In experiments with hybrid mice (CBA X C57B1)F1 and F2(CBWA), a study was made of the combined effect of normobaric hyperoxia and vibration on sensitivity of the organism to gamma-radiation. A single and protracted (for 5 days, daily) vibration before irradiation aggravated acute radiation sickness. A modifying effect of hyperoxia on the development of the intestinal form of radiation sickness was the same as that observed under the effect of vibration. In the experiments with tetrahybrids, the combined effect of the two factors aggravated drastically the intestinal syndrome of acute radiation sickness (DMF = 1.24). 相似文献
12.
Some data are reported on pathoanatomical changes, a status of the microcirculatory channel and the coagulogram of animals affected by high doses of ionizing radiation. The signs of disseminated intravascular blood coagulation have been revealed. The authors discuss the relationship between clinical manifestations with coagulopathy development and circulatory disturbances during intestinal and cerebral forms of acute radiation sickness. 相似文献
13.
The influence of ionizing radiation (gamma-rays 60Co) on aggregation activity of the vascular wall and functional (aggregation) platelet activity was studied in the course of the development of acute radiation sickness. The decrease in the aggregation properties of the vascular wall and high functional activity of platelets were inversely proportional, correlating with the periods of acute radiation sickness development and depending on the radiation dose. It is suggested that the changes detected may play a role in the pathogenesis of the development of the postirradiation thrombohemorrhagic syndrome. 相似文献
14.
A O Korotkevich 《Radiobiologiia》1987,27(6):765-770
The endocrine status of the organism estimated by the cortisol, insulin and triiodothyronine content of blood considerably changes during radiation sickness. The most pronounced changes in the endocrine status occur during the primary response and at the height of radiation sickness. The endocrine status test may be used in the individual radiosensitivity prognosis. 相似文献
15.
The intensity of the ESR signal of methemoglobin, Fe3+-transferrin, and Cu2+-ceruloplasmin in blood and spleen of mice exposed to 6 Gy radiation was shown to undergo considerable changes at early times of acute radiation sickness. 相似文献
16.
Using a principally new approach, that is a mathematical analysis of the postirradiation neutrophilic curve, the authors have confirmed their previous assumption that the number of divisions that a granulocytic cell performs during the entire period of its maturation both in normal conditions and during the development of acute radiation sickness is virtually the same. D0 of early committed [correction of commitable] precursors of the granulocytic department is 1.6-1.7 Gy at n = 1. 相似文献
17.
Buldakov LA Gus'kova AK 《Radiatsionnaia biologiia, radioecologiia / Rossi?skaia akademiia nauk》2002,42(2):228-233
Health effects as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant occurred in 1986 are considered in the paper. Wrong prognosis of the health effects with respect to mortality and morbidity among the population exposed to low radiation doses is shown. Proven increase in thyroid cancer cases among people who were children aged from 0 to 18 at the time of the accident is shown. Linear relationship between thyroid cancer cases and dose to thyroid ranged from 0.2 to 4.0 Gy is considered. An additional absolute risk of thyroid cancer in children varies in the range 1.9-2.6 cases per 10(4) person-year Gy. During the fifteen years following the accident no cases of acute and chronic radiation sickness have been revealed because the population living in contaminated areas received low radiation doses. Also, exposures to low radiation doses did not result in excess of malignant tumors among population. In some cases the outcomes of acute radiation sickness were as follows: radiation damages to the skin, cancer cataracts, development of oncopathology. 相似文献
18.
Joo HM Nam SY Yang KH Kim CS Jin YW Kim JY 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2012,287(33):27789-27795
Mast cells play important roles in many biological responses, such as those during allergic diseases and inflammatory disorders. Although laser and UV irradiation have immunosuppressive effects on inflammatory diseases by suppressing mast cells, little is known about the effects of γ-ionizing radiation on mast cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of γ-ionizing radiation on RBL-2H3 cells, a convenient model system for studying regulated secretion by mast cells. Low-dose radiation (<0.1 gray (Gy)) did not induce cell death, but high-dose radiation (>0.5 Gy) induced apoptosis. Low-dose ionizing radiation significantly suppressed the release of mediators (histamine, β-hexosaminidase, IL-4, and tumor necrosis factor-α) from immunoglobulin E (IgE)-sensitized RBL-2H3 cells. To determine the mechanism of mediator release inhibition by ionizing radiation, we examined the activation of intracellular signaling molecules such as Lyn, Syk, phospholipase Cγ, PKCs, and MAPK, and intracellular free calcium concentrations ([Ca(2+)](i)). The phosphorylation of signaling molecules following stimulation of high-affinity IgE receptor I (FcεRI) was specifically inhibited by low-dose ionizing radiation (0.01 Gy). These results were due to the suppression of FcεRI expression by the low-dose ionizing radiation. Therefore, low-dose ionizing radiation (0.01 Gy) may function as a novel inhibitor of mast cell activation. 相似文献
19.
E S Gabrielian S A Badzhinian A K Petrosian G S Vartanian A G Pogosian 《Radiobiologiia》1987,27(1):78-81
A decrease in erythrocyte deformation, which was maximum at the height of radiation sickness, was registered as early as 1-3 days following 6 Gy irradiation of rats. The aggregation of erythrocytes increased during the latent period of radiation sickness then sharply decreased. The role of the observed changes in radiation sickness then pathogenesis is discussed. It is established that they are associated with the altered fatty acid composition of the lipid phase of erythrocytic membranes, on the one hand, and with the disturbances in its ionic permeability, on the other. 相似文献
20.
McKenzie RC Beckett GJ McLean S Arthur JR Macve JC Nicol F Howie AF Norval M 《Biological trace element research》2008,125(3):255-267
The effect of three different doses of dietary l-selenomethionine (SM) and sodium selenite (SS) on skin selenium (Se) content, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, Langerhans
cell (LC) and mast cell numbers in ultraviolet radiation-B (UVB)-irradiated and unirradiated C3H/HeN mice was determined.
After weaning, groups of mice were given Se-deficient, Se-adequate, or Se-high diets. Six weeks later, some animals in each
group were exposed to a single UVB dose (acute), while others were exposed three times weekly for the following 40 weeks (chronic).
The skin Se content and GPx activity increased in all the Se-supplemented groups, and the latter was not altered by UVB exposure.
Generally, the Se-containing diets caused an increase in LC numbers at 6 weeks and a further rise at 40 weeks, but did not
prevent the loss induced by acute or chronic UVB radiation. Skin mast cell numbers were highest in animals fed the Se-deficient
diet after 6 and 40 weeks. Acute and chronic UVB radiation decreased the mast cell number and dietary Se did not prevent the
reduction. While the present study shows that Se plays an important role in governing the number of LCs and mast cells in
the skin, no protective effect against the immunomodulating properties of UVB radiation on these cell types was observed.
However, this conclusion may only apply to the experimental conditions chosen, and additional studies at different Se dosages
and reduced intensities of chronic UVB exposure are required to confirm the results. 相似文献