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1.
雨生红球藻虾青素合成研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
虾青素是一种重要的次级类胡萝卜素,具有高活性的抗氧化功能,广泛应用于食品保健、医药、水产养殖等领域。雨生红球藻是一种在胁迫条件下能够大量积累虾青素的微藻。文中回顾了雨生红球藻虾青素的生物合成研究的进展,包括虾青素生物合成的诱导与调控、虾青素合成与光合作用及脂类代谢的关系等研究现状。  相似文献   

2.
活性氧对雨生红球藻生长及虾青素含量的影响   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
王劲  段舜山 《生态科学》2006,25(3):213-215,221
在雨生红球藻培养液中分别添加活性氧1O2、H2O2和·OH的诱生剂,通过测定细胞密度、叶绿素a含量、虾青素含量,研究了这三种活性氧诱生处理对雨生红球藻生长和虾青素含量的影响,初步探索了利用活性氧诱生剂提高雨生红球藻虾青素含量的可行性。实验结果表明,适当浓度的MB能够促进虾青素含量增加,当MB浓度为10-7mol·L-1时,虾青素含量达到5.27μg·mL-1,比对照显著提高。活性氧诱生剂对雨生红球藻生长有抑制作用,但MB的抑制作用小于H2O2和·OH诱生剂。  相似文献   

3.
营养胁迫对雨生红球藻虾青素累积的影响   总被引:15,自引:4,他引:15  
通过改变营养条件可诱导雨生红球藻积累虾青素.氮限制实验表明,色素的累积速率与原初氮浓度成反比,也与细胞分裂速率负相关,当BBM培养基中的NaNO3浓度减半时(0.13g@L-1),对细胞增殖及色素累积相对都有利.在高光强下,进一步进行氮、磷饥饿,红球藻细胞分裂明显受抑,但色素的累积作用增强,培养9d,细胞内次生类胡萝卜素的含量分别比对照组提高141.0%和60.5%,色素的累积高峰也比对照组提前2-4d.提高NaCl浓度至0.8%时的盐胁迫,不能诱导虾青素的形成.实验结果还表明,色素的累积与厚壁孢子的形成并不完全相关,游动细胞也能大量积累红色色素.  相似文献   

4.
雨生红球藻营养细胞的虾青素累积   总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18  
接种于缺氮培养基的雨生红球藻。当置于光强为10—12klx,温度25℃±1.5℃条件下培养时,营养细胞迅速由绿色变成红色。接种4d时,运动细胞占细胞总数的90%,细胞内的虾青素含量(33.0pg/cell)占最终色素累积量的(60.0pg/cell)的55%。接种6d时,虾青素含量已占最终累积量的75%。电镜观察显示,红色的运动细胞除细胞质的大部分区域充满色素颗粒外,细胞的形态结构与绿色细胞基本一致。实验还表明,当接种物置于低光(0.5—1.0klx)下培养时,营养细胞仍有色素沉积,但累积缓慢。当只有高光胁迫(10—12klx,完全培养基培养)时,营养细胞转变成厚壁孢子后(5d后),才大量积累色素。  相似文献   

5.
以雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)为材料,研究不同强度的UV-B对雨生红球藻生长、光合作用及虾青素积累的影响和其作用机理。设置5种紫外线强度,分别在正常光照培养条件下补充不同强度UVB(100—500 lx),标记为CK、U100、U200、U300、U400和U500六组。结果表明,经UV-B辐射后雨生红球藻细胞密度、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)和叶绿素(Chl.a和Chl.b)含量等均呈现下降趋势,且与辐射强度相关。相反,虾青素含量在100—400 lx强度下随UV-B辐射强度的增加而升高。与对照相比,高强度UV-B辐射(U400)36h和72h后藻细胞虾青素含量分别提高了35.68%和56.23%,达到5.82和7.06 mg/L。qRT-PCR检测发现雨生红球藻虾青素合成关键酶基因(IPI、PSY、BCH和BKT)的表达量随紫外辐射强度和辐射时间的增加均有不同程度升高。UV-B辐射亦调控紫外光受体UVR8及其信号转导通路核心元件(COP1、SPA1、HYH和HY5)的基因表...  相似文献   

6.
黄腐酸对雨生红球藻虾青素的积累和CHY基因表达量影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
实验以雨生红球藻Haematococcus pluvialis LUGU为对象,研究了不同浓度的黄腐酸对微藻细胞生长、虾青素积累以及β-胡萝卜素羟化酶(CHY)基因表达量的影响。结果表明,FA浓度为5 mg/L,藻细胞生物量产率达到了79.39 mg/(L·d),虾青素产量达到了20.82 mg/L,分别比对照组提高了4.25%和86.89%;FA浓度为10 mg/L,藻细胞的生物量产率和虾青素产量分别比对照组提高了5.44%和9.78%。RT-PCR分析显示,虾青素合成的关键基因CHY的表达受FA的诱导,当添加5和10 mg/L的黄腐酸时,CHY基因最大的表达量分别为对照的18.1倍和7.3倍,当添加20 mg/L的黄腐酸时CHY基因的最大的表达量仅为对照的3.2倍,FA诱导下的雨生红球藻虾青素的积累含量和CHY基因表达量呈正相关。实验表明,适当浓度的黄腐酸不仅能够显著提高虾青素合成关键酶基因CHY的表达水平,并且明显促进了藻细胞内虾青素的积累,因此黄腐酸可作为虾青素生产的一种有效诱导子。  相似文献   

7.
雨生红球藻中虾青素的研究与应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
雨生红球藻是单细胞微藻,其中的虾青素具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、预防心脑血管疾病等多种生物活性,在食品、医药、保健品、化妆品及养殖业有诸多用途。概述了雨生红球藻虾青素含量影响因素,雨生红球藻培养方法、虾青素的提取方法及其应用领域等最新研究成果,为虾青素的开发利用提供帮助。  相似文献   

8.
UV-B辐射对雨生红球藻生长和类胡萝卜素含量的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以BG11培养基,对雨生红球藻进行了室内培养,研究了增强UV-B辐射对雨生红球藻生长速率和虾青素含量的影响.室内培养的条件是UV-B辐射强度为0.1J·m-2·S-1,0.2J·m-2·S-1, 0.3J·m-2·S-1, 光照强度为60 μmoL·m-2·S-1(昼夜比为12 h:12 h),温度为20~26℃.测定了培养液细胞数目、叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素的含鼍,并对雨生红球藻进行了显微结构观察.结果显示在室内培养雨生红球藻增加UV-B辐射,能够提高其细胞内虾青素的含量,其显微结构显示类胡萝卜素颗粒明显增加的现象.本研究目的是在室内培养雨生红球藻提高虾青素产量的方法.  相似文献   

9.
雨生红球藻培养基的改良   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11  
近年来,雨生红球藻(HaematococcuspluvialisFlotetWill)作为一种获取天然虾青素的资源被广泛重视l‘,‘1。目前,有关而生红球藻的研究主要集中于虾青素的积累机制、合成调控及其生物学功能‘)。关于雨生红球资生长调控方面的工作报道较少,还没有一个很理想的红球藻培养基【’],从而在很大程度上阻碍了对雨生红球藻的深人研究与开发利用。雨生红球藻尤其是它的绿色游动细胞对环境pH值的改变较敏感,其生长状况与培养液的pH稳定性关系密切[‘”],而目前较多采用的MCM、BBM和Bthl…  相似文献   

10.
雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)是一种单细胞绿藻,在强光照射条件下能够合成并大量积累具有强抗氧化性的次生类胡萝卜素-虾青素。然而,其合成机理目前还不明确,导致虾青素诱导合成过程中操作的盲目性,限制了虾青素产量的提高。  相似文献   

11.
The effect of a range of inhibitors on the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway of the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis has been studied during normal growth and during the induction of astaxanthin synthesis. Diflufenican and norflurazon had similar effects and resulted in the almost complete inhibition of secondary carotenoid synthesis together with a build up of the acyclic carotenoid precursor, phytoene. In contrast, the inhibitor CPTA blocked cyclisation of lycopene and was seen to act differentially on the β- and ?-cyclases. Both diphenylamine and 1-aminobenzotriazole had the effect of blocking the synthesis of astaxanthin and the other secondary carotenoids by preventing the introduction of oxygen functions. As a direct result treated cells accumulated large levels of β-carotene instead. Selective use of inhibitors of carotenogenesis demonstrated that the accumulated lycopene and β-carotene could act as a precursor for astaxanthin synthesis.  相似文献   

12.
雨生红球藻在不同培养基的生长比较   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
刘健晖  李爱芬 《生态科学》2006,25(2):113-115,121
研究了雨生红球藻(Haematococcuspluvialis)3个不同品系CH-1、UTEX-16和CS-321分别在3种不同培养基BBM、BG-11、JM中的生长情况。结果表明:在3种培养基中,CH-1的最高细胞密度、生物量和虾青素含量都要高于另外2株雨生红球藻,其中以BBM培养的CH-1生长情况最好,其最终营养细胞密度可达到59.8×104cell?mL-1,干重为0.527g?L-1,细胞密度最高时虾青素含量为3.55mg?L-1。  相似文献   

13.
适合大量培养的红球藻藻种的筛选   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
研究了 4个雨生红球藻 (Haematococcuspluvialis)品系在 10℃、15℃、2 0℃、2 5℃和 2 8℃时的生长速率 (μ)、生物量、虾青素含量和产量 ,从中选出适合于大量培养的品系H .pluvialis2 6和H .pluvialisWZ。 2个品系的虾青素含量和产量分别达到 2 .4 1%— 3.16 % ,4 6 5 1— 5 4 35mg/L和 2 4 0 %— 2 5 9% ,39 84— 4 0 15mg/L。 2个品系的温度适应具有互补性 :H .pluvalisWZ适应于较低温度 (10℃— 2 0℃ ) ,H .pluvialis2 6适应于较高温度 (2 0℃— 2 8℃ ) ,在低温季节使用H .pluvialisWZ ,在高温季节使用H .pluvialis 2 6进行生产 ,可以延长生产期 ,提高产量  相似文献   

14.
乙酸钠诱导雨生红球藻合成虾青素的机理   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
添加乙酸钠时,雨生红球藻细胞内硝酸还原酶(NR)的活性提高了1.6倍,培养液中硝酸盐浓度的迅速下降。另一方面,乙酸钠的存在和氮缺乏,又抑制了叶绿素的合成和1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶(Rubisco)的活性。在虾青素开始合成的第4d,硝酸盐的浓度,叶绿素含量和Rubisco活性分别下降了96.7%,71.9%和80%。相比之下,在未添加乙酸钠的对照培养液中,实验结束时硝酸盐的浓度,叶绿素含量和Rubisco活性仅下降了47.2%,27.3%和4.4%,培养过程中没有虾青素积累。  相似文献   

15.
    
Grewe C  Griehl C 《Biotechnology journal》2008,3(9-10):1232-1244
The green microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis synthesizes secondary carotenoids after exposure to environmental stress, a process that is used for the biotechnological production of astaxanthin (Ax). This study reports, for the first time, the medium-dependent changes in the carotenoid pattern throughout the cultivation process as well as the exact composition of carotenoids and their fatty acid mono- and diesters using LC-MS. Secondary carotenoid formation started immediately upon exposure to nutrient depletion and high light conditions. Ax and its corresponding mono- and diesters were detected simultaneously. After 15 days of cultivation, no significant changes were detected in carotenoid composition; however, the ratio between carotenoid mono- and diesters still varied. Main carotenoids were identified as Ax linolenate and Ax oleate, but also five adonirubin and one lutein monoester were detected. The influence of three different autotroph media was studied on carotenoid content, which reached a maximum 16.1 mg/g dry weight. The results indicate that media composition has an influence on the ratio of Ax mono- to diester but not on the qualitative composition of secondary carotenoids in H. pluvialis. Beside the pathway via echinenone, canthaxanthin and adonirubin the results indicate that Ax biosynthesis takes place via another route: from beta-carotene via beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin and adonixanthin.  相似文献   

16.
    
Abstract

The study of microalgal culture has been growing in recent decades, because the cellular structure of microalgae has diverse highly valuable metabolites that have attract attention of numerous companies and research groups. The pigment astaxanthin is considered one of the most powerful antioxidants in nature. The microalga Haematococcus pluvialis was proposed as one of the best natural astaxanthin sources, because it can accumulate high amount of the pigment. In this work, we studied different stress treatments on H. pluvialis growth cultures as well as astaxanthin production under autotrophic growth conditions. The results showed that extending nitrogen starvation before increasing radiation intensity up to 110?μmol photons m?2 s?1 during late the palmella cell phase incremented the astaxanthin concentration up to 2.7% of dry biomass with an efficient light energy utilization during the stress stage.  相似文献   

17.
    
Conventional solvent extraction methods cannot attain high‐quality antioxidant extracts from microalgae and also require solvent recovery and posttreatment. In this study, we utilized environmental friendly supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction (SFE‐CO2) techniques to obtain pigment (i.e. astaxanthin) from Haematococcus pluvialis. The effects of key operating parameters on the extraction efficiency of astaxanthin were investigated, giving an optimal condition of H. pluvialis weight, 6.5 g; CO2‐flow rate, 6.0 NL/min; extraction time, 20 min; extraction pressure, 4500 psi; volume of ethanol modifier added, 9.23 mL/g; extraction temperature, 50°C; modifier composition, 99.5%. Under these optimum conditions, the astaxanthin yield was 73.9% (10.92 mg/g dry H. pluvialis powder) after eight cycle of extraction cycles. The saponification index (CS/C0, representing the ratio of astaxanthin concentration after and before the saponification procedures) of the extract could be increased from 1 to 12.78 by saponification with 3.5 M NaOH.  相似文献   

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