Seed Bugs (Heteroptera,Lygaeidae) of the Northeast of European Russia

Entomological Review - An annotated list of seed bugs (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) of the Northeast of European Russia is presented, comprising 36 species from 22 genera of 7 subfamilies and...     

Photosynthesis Limits Carbon Sequestering in the Taiga Zone of Northeastern Europe

We analyzed the time-course of carbon accumulation in the stem wood of the basic forest-forming tree species (pine, spruce, and birch) of the taiga subzones in northeastern Europe over many years. The dynamics of annual carbon accumulation was appraised from comparing the carbon content in trees of various ages. The primary photosynthetic productivity and the coefficient of proportionality between respiratory decarboxylation and the mass of the stem wood were calculated. A noticeable decrease in the net primary photosynthetic productivity was detected with a movement from South to North (from 62 to 64° N). However, the time for reaching the climax stage did not depend on the latitude and corresponding climatic parameters. Therefore, only the heterotrophic part of tree biomass determines annual carbon losses in a forest tree population. The conclusion is that the primary photosynthetic productivity, which limits the production process, determines the dependence of the volume of the northern-taiga carbon reservoir on the latitude and climatic parameters.     

Cultural History in the Native Northeast

Native People of Southern New England, 1500-1650, Kathleen J. Bragdon. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996. 301 pp.
Historic Contact: Indian People and Colonists in Today's Northeastern United States in the Sixteenth through the Eighteenth Centuries. Robert S. Grumet. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1995. 514 pp.     

Photosynthetic Pigments and Gas Exchange of in vitro Grown Tobacco Plants as Affected by CO2 Supply

Contents and functioning of photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange of Nicotiana tabacum L. leaves were studied in platlets cultivated in vitro under different CO₂ supply. The plantlets were grown for six weeks either in glass vessels tightly closed with aluminium foil (G-plants) or in polycarbonate Magenta GA-7 vessels covered with closures with microporous vents (M-plants). M-plants (better supplied with CO₂) had higher contents of chlorophyll (Chl) a. Chl b. and β-carotene, higher photochemical activities of photosystem 2 and whole electron transport chain, and lower contents of xanthophyll cycle pigments. Differences in Chl a fluorescence kinetic parameters between G-plants and M-plants were not statistically significant. M-plants had higher net photosynthetic rate, and lower transpiration rate and stomatal conductance than G-plants. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Genes Involved in the Biosynthesis of Photosynthetic Pigments in the Purple Sulfur Photosynthetic Bacterium Thiocapsa roseopersicina

A pigment mutant strain of the purple sulfur photosynthetic bacterium Thiocapsa roseopersicina BBS was isolated by plasposon mutagenesis. Nineteen open reading frame, most of which are thought to be genes involved in the biosynthesis of carotenoids, bacteriochlorophyll, and the photosynthetic reaction center, were identified surrounding the plasposon in a 22-kb-long chromosomal locus. The general arrangement of the photosynthetic genes was similar to that in other purple photosynthetic bacteria; however, the locations of a few genes occurring in this region were unusual. Most of the gene products showed the highest similarity to the corresponding proteins in Rubrivivax gelatinosus. The plasposon was inserted into the crtD gene, likely inactivating crtC as well, and the carotenoid composition of the mutant strain corresponded to the aborted spirilloxanthin pathway. Homologous and heterologous complementation experiments indicated a conserved function of CrtC and CrtD in the purple photosynthetic bacteria. The crtDC and crtE genes were shown to be regulated by oxygen, and a role of CrtJ in aerobic repression was suggested.     

Specifity of Genetic Determination of Content of Photosynthetic Pigments in Triticale

Lines of winter hexaploid Triticale and their F₁ and F₂ hybrids differing in morphological structure, pigment contents, photosynthetic productivity, and grain crops were studied. F₁ hybrids received by crossing of Triticale lines contrasting in pigment contents showed in some cases a heterosis effect for chlorophyll (Chl) content per unit leaf area. Variation analysis demonstrated a polygenic control of Triticale pigment contents, and different rate of increase in F₂ generation. We found maternal type of heritability of Chl b content and Chl content in light-harvesting complex of photosystem 2.     

Dynamic Changes of Photosynthetic Pigments in Soybean Callus under High Irradiance

Dynamic changes of neoxanthin (NEO), violaxanthin (VIO), anteraxanthin (ANT), zeaxanthin (ZEA), chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, α-carotene, β-carotene, and their behaviour under increasing duration of high irradiance (HI) were investigated in the soybean hypocotyl callus culture. The calli were induced on solid (1.1 % agar) MS medium (pH 5.8) supplemented with 4.52 μM 2,4-D, 2.32 μM kinetin, and 3 % sucrose. After 30 d of culture, the green calli were irradiated with “white light” (133W m⁻²) for 0, 3.5, and 24 h. HPLC profiles were separated on a C₁₈ column. With increasing duration of HI, the content of total carotenoids (Cars) increased, but the ratio of Chl a+b/Cars decreased. With lengthening the duration of HI, there was induction of ZEA. Contents of ANT, α-carotene, and β-carotene remained nearly constant, but ratio of ZEA/Chl a+b increased with lengthening the HI duration. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Fiber-Optic Fluorometer for Microscale Mapping of Photosynthetic Pigments in Microbial Communities

Microscale fluorescence measurements were performed in photosynthetic biofilms at a spatial resolution of 100 to 200 μm with a new fiber-optic fluorometer which allowed four different excitation and emission wavelengths and was configured for measuring phycobiliproteins, chlorophylls, and bacteriochlorophylls. We present details of the measuring system and describe examples of applications in different microbial communities.     

Phospholipids in residents of the European North of Russia

Serum phospholipids were studied in resident aborigenes of Arkhangel’sk and the Nenets Autonomous District. The content of serum lipids in residents of the European North of Russia, was at the lower limits of normal values due to a significantly decreased level of phosphatidylcholine. The aborigenes of the Polar Circle area were characterized by a compensatory increase in the relative blood contents of sphingomyelin, phosphatidylethanolamine, and glycerophosphatides which may provide additional stabilization of cell membranes.     

A New Approach to Distinguishing Photosynthetic Types of Plants. A Case Study in Northeast China Transect (NECT) Platform

Discriminant analysis is an important method in multivariable statistic analysis to show what type an individual should belong to. Based on actual field photosynthetic value set obtained from our research platform, North East China Transect (NECT), a new approach, developed from the concept and principle of discriminant analysts, was proposed to distinguish C₃ and C₄ plants. Indices related to plant photosynthetic capacity measured by an LCA4 photosynthesis system were selected to build the discriminant model which is based on four related parameters: net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and difference in temperature between leaf surface and atmosphere. Compared with other approaches, the present one is fast, straightforward, and efficient. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Induction of CAM Photosynthesis in Hylotelephium triphyllum (Haw.) Holub (Crassulaceae) under Climatic Conditions of the European Northeast of Russia

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology - Seasonal and diurnal changes in cell sap titratable acidity, the content of organic acids, and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase activity in leaves of...     

Dimensions of Native America: The Contact Zone

Dimensions of Native America: The Contact Zone. Museum of Fine Arts, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, February 13-March 31. 1998; Appleton Museum of Art, Ocala, FL, April 14-May 31,1998.
Dimensions of Native America: The Contact Zone. Jehanne Teilhet-Fisk and Robin Franklin Nigh. co-curators. Tallahassee: Museum of Fine Arts, Florida State University, 1998. 144 pp.     

C_3植物光合效率的日变化

多种田间C_3植物在晴天的光合效率常有明显的日变化,中午前后光合效率降低。C_3植物大豆叶片光合效率中午降低的主要原因,不是空气CO_2浓度和气孔导度及光呼吸的变化,而可能是光抑制。因为:1.在饱和CO_2中测定仍可观测到这种中午降低;2.光合作用的饱和光强远低于晴天中午的太阳光强;3.用纱布预遮阴可以提高叶片的光合效率;4.阴天时叶片光合效率不发生中午降低。     

Trematode fauna in anseriformes from the North-East of European Russia

Zonal diversity of trematodes from anseriform birds in the North-East of the European part of Russia is investigated and analyzed. Characteristics of the differences in the diversity, abundance, faunistic structure, and distribution of the bird-infesting trematodes between the tundra subzones and forest zone of the studied region are shown. Regular southward decrease of the total abundance of trematodes in birds is recorded.