中老年女性血清铁蛋白(SF)水平与年龄和体质指数(BMI)之间的关系的流行病学研究（英文）

目的:评估中老年女性血清铁蛋白(SF)水平与年龄和体质指数(BMI)之间的关系。方法:选自中国4046名健康女性进行横断面研究,受试者年龄均在45-70岁并签署了知情同意书。所有受试者血清铁蛋白水平采用放射免疫分析法测定。采用Spearman秩相关检验分析血清铁蛋白与各指标之间的相关性。不同组别SF差异的显著性用Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验来比较。结果:Spearman相关性分析显示血清铁蛋白与年龄(r=0.425;p0.05)和BMI(r=0.238;p0.05)均呈正相关。Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验显示不同年龄组和不同BMI组的血清铁蛋白水平均有显著性差异(p0.05)。65-70岁人群的血清铁蛋白平均水平比45-50岁人群高出近两倍。并且肥胖人群中血清铁蛋白水平要远远高于偏瘦人群。结论:中老年女性铁储存的增加与年龄的增长和体质指数的增加呈现正相关关系。     

肥胖儿童非酒精性脂肪肝病与血清铁蛋白相关性研究

目的：探讨血清铁蛋白和肥胖儿童非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）之间的关系,为早期发现肥胖儿童NAFLD提供临床科学依据。方法：选取2016年5月—2018年12月在丽水市中心医院诊断为肥胖的儿童315例,男233例、女82例,平均年龄(11.4±2.6)岁,体质指数（BMI）（24.5±4.6）kg/m2。依据B超结果将315例儿童分为单纯性肥胖184例、肥胖伴NAFLD 131例。按照标准方法测量儿童体重、身高、腰围,同时选取同时期体检同年龄段的健康儿童35例作为对照组。检测血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、血清铁蛋白（SF）等指标。结果：在315例肥胖儿童中,其中116人检出脂肪肝（男性91例、女性25例）,脂肪肝检出率为36.9%,男性和女性肥胖儿童青少年脂肪肝检出率分别是39.1%、30.4%,两组之间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。年龄及BMI在对照组、单纯肥胖组和肥胖伴NAFLD组之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。腰围在肥胖伴NAFLD组和单纯肥胖组均大于对照组（P＜0.05）;TG、HDL、SF在3组间比较有差异（P＜0.05）;TG在肥胖伴NAFLD组结果要高于对照组;HDL在肥胖伴NAFLD组和单纯肥胖组低于对照组;SF在肥胖伴NAFLD组高于单纯肥胖组和对照组。轻、中、重度3组脂肪肝儿童SF比较发现重度NAFLD＞中度NAFLD＞轻度NAFLD。经多因素Logistic回归分析,甘油三酯（TG）、血清铁蛋白（SF）和性别均是儿童非酒精性脂肪肝的危险因素。结论：血清铁蛋白、血脂、腰围等指标可以作为监测肥胖儿童伴发NAFLD的有效指标。     

血清GPAA1、SF、OPN与儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病危险度的关系及对血栓发生风险的评估效能研究

摘要 目的：分析血清糖基磷脂酰肌醇锚附着蛋白1（GPAA1）、铁蛋白（SF）、骨桥蛋白（OPN）与儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病危险度的关系及对血栓发生风险的评估效能。方法：选择我院自2017年1月至2022年12月接诊的112例急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿作为观察组，另选112例性别、年龄与观察组相匹配的健康体检儿童作为对照组。检测两组血清GPAA1、SF、OPN表达水平，分析不同危险度的急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿血清GPAA1、SF、OPN表达水平的差异性，观察急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿的血栓发生情况，通过受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）下面积（AUC）评价血清GPAA1、SF、OPN预测急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿发生血栓的效能。结果：观察组血清GPAA1、SF、OPN表达水平均高于对照组（P＜0.05）；在低危、中危和高危的急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿中，血清GPAA1、SF、OPN表达水平有差异（P＜0.05）；经Spearman相关性分析，血清GPAA1、SF、OPN表达水平与儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病危险度呈正相关（P＜0.05）；在112例急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿中，发生血栓12例，占10.71%；经多因素Logistic回归分析，血清GPAA1、SF、OPN均是急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿发生血栓的独立预测因素（P＜0.05）；经ROC曲线分析，血清GPAA1、SF联合OPN预测急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿发生血栓的AUC为0.901。结论：血清GPAA1、SF、OPN与儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病危险度密切相关，联合预测患儿发生血栓的效能较好，对此病的诊治具有重要指导意义。     

血清铁蛋白（SF）及sod水平与2型糖尿病患者小纤维神经病变关系的研究

摘要 目的：探血清铁蛋白（SF）及超氧化物歧化酶（sod）水平与2型糖尿病患者小纤维神经病变的关系。方法：选择2017年6月至2019年12月我院接诊的120例2型糖尿病患者,根据病变发生情况分为病变组67例,未发生病变53例作为对照组,分析血清铁蛋白（SF）及sod在其中的表达及其预测小纤维神经病变的价值。结果：病变组铁蛋白（SF）水平显著高于对照组,sod水平显著低于对照组,差异显著（P＜0.05）;ROC结果显示,铁蛋白（SF）预测2型糖尿病患者小纤维神经病变的AUC为0.924,95%CI为0.892~0.957,截断值为223.407 ng/mL ;sod预测2型糖尿病患者小纤维神经病变的AUC为0.96,95%CI为0.944~0.987,截断值为126.862 U/mL;联合预测2型糖尿病患者小纤维神经病变的AUC为0.993,95%CI为0.986~1.000,单独检测分别和联合检测曲线下面积比较均具有显著差异,联合检测的特异度、准确度分别为94.26%、95.16%。结论：在2型糖尿病小纤维神经病变患者中血清铁蛋白（SF）及sod的表达异常,对于疾病的进展有诊断意义,临床应给与关注。     

血清SF、AMH、APN、NF-κB与肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者胰岛素抵抗和IVF-ET助孕妊娠结局的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨血清铁蛋白（SF）、抗苗勒管激素（AMH）、脂联素（APN）、核因子-κB（NF-κB）与肥胖型多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）不孕患者胰岛素抵抗（IR）和体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）助孕妊娠结局的关系。方法：选取2019年1月～2021年1月广西医科大学第一附属医院收治的120例PCOS不孕症患者,根据体重指数（BMI）分为肥胖组（BMI≥28 kg/m²,79例）和非肥胖组（BMI＜28 kg/m²,41例）,肥胖组患者根据IVF-ET妊娠结局分为妊娠失败组47例和妊娠成功组32例。酶联免疫吸附法检测血清AMH、APN、NF-κB、SF水平,计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）,采用Pearson相关系数分析肥胖型PCOS不孕症患者血清AMH、APN、NF-κB、SF水平与HOMA-IR的相关性,采用多因素Logistic回归分析IVF-ET助孕妊娠结局的影响因素。结果：肥胖组血清AMH、NF-κB、SF水平和HOMA-IR高于非肥胖组,APN水平低于非肥胖组（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关性分析显示,肥胖型PCOS不孕症患者的HOMA-IR与血清AMH、NF-κB、SF水平呈正相关（r=0.663、0.734、0.687,均P＜0.05）,与APN水平呈负相关（r=-0.683,P＜0.05）。妊娠失败组黄体生成素（LH）、LH/促卵泡生成素（FSH）比值、HOMA-IR、血清AMH、NF-κB、SF水平均高于妊娠成功组,受精率、优胚率、FSH、APN水平均低于妊娠成功组（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,LH、LH/FSH、HOMA-IR、SF、AMH、NF-κB水平升高是肥胖型PCOS不孕症患者IVF-ET妊娠失败的危险因素,APN水平升高是IVF-ET妊娠失败的保护因素（P＜0.05）。结论：肥胖型PCOS不孕症患者血清AMH、NF-κB、SF水平升高,APN水平降低,且与IR和IVF-ET助孕妊娠结局有关。     

老年营养风险指数联合血清铁蛋白水平对维持性血液透析患者腹主动脉钙化风险的预测价值

摘要 目的：探讨老年营养风险指数（GNRI）联合血清铁蛋白（SF）水平对维持性血液透析患者腹主动脉钙化（AAC）风险的预测价值。方法：选取2020年3月-2022年4月安徽省铜陵市人民医院收治的112例维持性血液透析患者,根据有无合并AAC分为钙化组（n=63）与未钙化组（n=49）,比较两组临床资料、GNRI、血清SF水平。根据AAC评分将钙化组分为轻度钙化组（n=24）、中度钙化组（n=21）与重度钙化组（n=18）,比较三组GNRI、血清SF水平。采用Pearson相关性分析法分析钙化患者GNRI、血清SF水平与AAC评分的相关性;采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析AAC发生的影响因素,采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析GNRI、血清SF对维持性血透患者发生AAC风险的预测价值。结果：钙化组年龄大于未钙化组,白蛋白水平及GNRI低于未钙化组,透析时间长于未钙化组,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血磷、全段甲状旁腺素（iPTH）、血清SF水平高于未钙化组（P＜0.05）。轻、中、重度钙化组GNRI依次下降,血清SF水平依次上升（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关性显示,GNRI与AAC评分呈负相关,SF水平与其呈正相关（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic结果显示,透析时间增加、血磷、iPTH、血清SF水平上升,白蛋白水平下降与GNRI分值降低为AAC发生的危险因素（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线显示,GNRI对AAC预测的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.744,血清SF的AUC为0.769,两者联合检测的AUC为0.844,GNRI的灵敏度与特异度为58.72%、77.66%,SF的灵敏度与特异度为85.75%、73.51%,两者联合检测的灵敏度与特异度为84.10%、79.67%。结论：GNRI下降及血清SF水平上升为维持性血透患者发生AAC的危险因素,与钙化程度密切相关,两者联合检测作为预测患者发生AAC风险的有效指标具有更高价值。     

血清铁蛋白含量与HBV相关慢性肝病的临床相关性

目的 研究HBV相关慢性肝病患者血清铁蛋白（SF）含量及其与肝功能血清学指标的相关性,进一步探讨铁蛋白在诊断HBV相关慢性肝病中的价值。方法 选取2016年1~6月于安徽医科大学第二附属医院就诊的慢性乙型肝炎患者（CHB）27例、肝硬化代偿期患者（LC）17例、肝硬化失代偿期患者（DLC）30例及健康对照者30例。采用免疫比浊法分析患者SF含量,采用Spearman秩相关分析SF含量与血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、白蛋白（ALB）、前白蛋白（PALB）、总胆红素水平（TBIL）的相关性,运用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线评价SF能否作为鉴别诊断LC与DLC的临床指标。结果 与对照组相比,CHB患者与LC患者的SF水平明显升高,DLC患者SF水平明显低于CHB患者。与LC患者相比,DLC患者SF水平明显降低。CHB患者与LC患者间SF水平差异无统计学意义。ROC曲线显示,采用SF诊断LC与DLC的曲线下面积为0.816,敏感性为56.67%,特异性为94.12%,界值为66.3。Spearman分析显示,CHB患者SF水平与ALT、AST、TBIL水平呈显著正相关,与ALB、PALB水平呈显著负相关;LC患者SF水平与ALT、AST、TBIL水平呈显著正相关;DLC患者SF水平与ALB、PALB、TBIL水平呈显著正相关。结论 SF水平与HBV相关慢性肝病的进展具有相关性,可作为临床鉴别诊断LC与DLC的血清学指标和判断HBV相关肝病损伤的潜在指标。     

血清前列腺特异性抗原与前列腺增生的相关性研究

目的：探讨前列腺增生患者年龄,前列腺体积以及BMI与血清前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）之间的关系。方法：对224例前列腺增生患者的年龄,前列腺体积以BMI与PSA的相关性进行Spearman相关性分析。结果：224例前列腺增生患者有25％的患者PSA水平高于正常,并且年龄,前列腺体积与血清PSA存在明显的正相关：（r=0．672．P〈0．01,r=0．785．P〈0．01）,而血清PSA与BMI指数存在明显的负相关：（r=-0．873,P〈0．01）。结论：前列腺增生患者的血清PSA值随患者年龄增长和体积增大而增加,对于PSA轻度升高的前列腺增生患者,要考率到体重因素对结果的影响。     

注意缺陷多动障碍儿童睡眠障碍与铁缺乏关系的临床研究

目的：探讨注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿睡眠障碍与血清铁蛋白水平的关系。方法：符合美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册第4版（DSM-Ⅳ）中ADHD诊断标准的62例6．14岁ADHD患儿,由ADHD患儿的父母填写睡眠障碍量表（SDSC）,检测ADH-D患儿的血清铁蛋白水平。结果：与血清铁蛋白水平高于45／μg／L的ADHD患儿相比较,血清铁蛋白水平低于45／μg／L的ADHD患儿的SDSC“睡眠醒觉转换障碍”项评分和总分明显高于前者（P〈0．05）。2组间其他项评分比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。SDSC“睡眠醒觉转换障碍”项评分与血清铁蛋白水平成负相关（P〈0．05）。结论：血清铁蛋白水平低于451μg／LADHD患儿SDSC“睡眠醒觉转换障碍”（睡眠中的异常运动）的危险性显著增加。     

中老年男性2型糖尿病患者不同年龄段的骨代谢情况

摘要 目的：探讨中老年男性2型糖尿病患者不同年龄段的骨代谢的情况。方法：选取中老年男性2型糖尿病患者203人,按年龄分为50-59岁组(A组)、60-69岁组（B组）、70-80岁组（C组）,测定各组的身体质量指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、收缩压（SDP）、舒张压（DBP)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖(FPG)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HD L-c)、骨钙素(OC)、I型前胶原氨基末端前肽(P1NP)、I型胶原交联C-末端肽(CTX)和骨密度（BMD）。结果：C组的OC、P1NP低于A组、B组,CTX高于A组、B组,C组的病程长于A组、B组,B组的病程长于A组,B、C组股骨颈的BMD值低于A组,C组L4的BMD值高于A、B组,P均<0.05。3组的HbA1c、BMI、股骨干、全髋、L1、L2、L3的BMD值无统计学差异（P>0.05）。相关分析显示：年龄与糖尿病病程（r=0.284,P<0.001）、BMI成正相关（r=0.193,P=0.007）;OC与P1NP正相关（r=0.465,P<0.001）,与CTX（r=-0.312,P=0.002）、糖尿病病程（r=-0.264,P<0.001）、BMI（r=-0.425,P<0.001）负相关;P1NP与CTX（r=-0.341,P<0.001）、糖尿病病程（r=-0.206,P=0.004）、BMI（r=-0.468,P<0.001）负相关;CTX与糖尿病病程（r=0.171,P=0.017）、BMI（r=0.443,P<0.001）正相关。结论：中老年男性2型糖尿病患者中,骨代谢指标与BMI、糖尿病病程相关,与年龄关系不明显。     

Age, insulin, SHBG and sex steroids exert secondary influence on plasma leptin level in women

AIM: As the link between body fat and leptin is well known, the aim of the study was to seek for secondary regulators of plasma leptin level. PATIENTS: 86 women (mean: age 47.0+/-14.3 years; estradiol 50.0+/-60.6 ng/l; FSH 52.4+/-42.9 IU/l; BMI 26.9+/-5.9) divided into three groups according to their BMI. Group A: 39 normal weight women (mean: age 44.4+/-16.0 years; estradiol 69.6+/-79.8 ng/l; FSH 50.4+/-47.7 IU/l; BMI 22.9+/-1.3). Group B: 27 overweighted women (mean: age 55.0+/-6.4 years; estradiol 25.1+/-17.2 ng/l; FSH 75.6+/-26.3 IU/l; BMI 27.7+/-1.6). Group C: 21 obese women with mean: age 48.7+/-12.2 years; estradiol 36.9+/-44.0 ng/l; FSH 42.3+/-36.6 IU/l and BMI 34.6+/-4.9. METHODS: Standard clinical evaluation and hormone evaluation (LH, FSH, prolactin, estradiol, leptin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), human growth hormone (hGH), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), insulin, dihydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), sex hormone binding globin (SHBG) and testosterone were done in basic condition which levels of were measured by RIA kits. Statistical analysis. Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon u test, Spearman rank correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression: p values of 0.05 or less were considered as significant. RESULTS: Taking all women into account (n=86) the plasma leptin level correlated directly with age (r=0.32; p<0.02), body mass (r=0.60; p<0.001), BMI (r=0.71; p<0.001) as well as inversely with estradiol (r=-0.21; p<0.05), IGF-I (r=-0.24; p<0.05), SHBG (r=-0.34; p<0.01) and DHEAS (r=-0.30; p<0.01). However only in the group B leptin/age relation remained (r=0.40; p<0.05) after the division according to BMI. In the group B the leptin /DHEAS (r=-0.40; p<0.05) and leptin/PRL (r=0.51; p<0.05) links were also present. In the group C the leptin/SHGB relation (r=-0.56; p<0.02) only remained and an association between insulin and leptin was found (r=0.48; p<0.05). The body mass and BMI relation to age were again present only in all 86 women (r=0.30; p<0.002: r=0.36; p<0.001 resp.). Having split the women into groups, these links either disappeared or became inverse (rC=-0.39; p<0.05). Taking into consideration age/leptin relation in all women, the division according to the menopausal status revealed the direct relation in premenopausal women (n=29; r=0.43; p<0.02) and a reverse one in postmenopausal women (n=38; r=-0.32; p<0.05). The plasma leptin level was the highest (p<0.001) in group C (23.2+/-10.4 microg/l) and the lowest was found in the group A (8.9+/-4.1 microg/l). That corresponded with the differences in mean body mass index and mean body mass. The stepwise multiple regression revealed that body mass index accounted for 31% (p<0.001) and plasma SHBG level accounted for 17.7% (p<0.02) of plasma leptin variance in all women. In the group A body mass and age together accounted for 61% (p<0.01) and estradiol alone accounted for 44% (p<0.02) of plasma leptin variance. In the group B insulin alone accounted for 39% (p<0.05) and together with testosterone accounted for 46% (p<0.05) of plasma leptin variance. Finally in obese women none of the evaluated parameters significantly accounted for leptin variance. CONCLUSION: The results presented in this paper confirmed the strong influence of body fat mass on serum leptin concentration. However insulin, SHBG, sex steroids as well as age may also exert secondary influence on plasma leptin level in certain groups of women.     

Validity of hamstring muscle length assessment during the sit-and-reach test using an inclinometer to measure hip joint angle

The aim of this study was twofold: (i) to describe the criterion-related validity of the sit-and-reach test (SRT) using a hand-held inclinometer when assessing hamstring muscle length (HML) when HML is recorded in degrees of hip joint angle (HJA); and (ii) to describe the effect of gender and age on HML in healthy adults during the performance of a SRT. We examined 212 healthy subjects (106 men and 106 women) whose ages ranged from 20 to 79 years. The Pearson-product moment correlation coefficient (r) described the relationship between HJA at the end-point of the SRT and the criterion, supine passive straight-leg raise (PSLR). We conducted a 6 x 2 analysis of variance, where age was stratified on 6 levels of 10-year increments (20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years of age) and gender was stratified on 2 levels (men and women). There was a statistically significant correlation (r = 0.59, P < 0.01) between performance on the SRT as measured by HJA and the supine PSLR, but the SRT only accounted for 35% of the variability in the PSLR. SRT performance in men (mean +/- SD, 80 +/- 9 degrees) was significantly less (P < 0.001) than in women (mean +/- SD, 92 +/- 10 degrees). Subjects in the 60- to 69- and 70- to 79-year age groups had significantly less (P < 0.05) HJA than those in the 20- to 29-, 30- to 39-, and 40- to 49-year age groups. Using an inclinometer to measure HJA during the SRT is not a valid method for assessing HML in men and women who can independently assume a long-sitting position on a hard surface. Clinicians should recognize there are differences in HML between men and women, and that men and women between 20 to 49 years of age have more HML than their counterparts between ages 60 to 79 years.     

A study of the metabolism of apolipoprotein B100 in relation to insulin resistance in African American males.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between insulin resistance and apoB100 metabolism in African American males. Fifteen subjects, 33 +/- 7.6 years old, were divided into two groups, insulin-resistant (IR) or insulin-sensitive (IS), based on the sum of the plasma insulin concentrations during an oral glucose tolerance test. The IR group (n = 8) differed significantly from the IS group (n = 7) with respect to body mass index (BMI) (30.1 vs 23.1 kg/m2; P = 0.0003), fasting triglycerides, (118 vs 54 mg/dl, P = 0. 013), and total plasma apolipoprotein B100 (80 vs 59 mg/dl, P = 0.014). Significantly elevated apoB100 levels in the IR group were seen in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) (5.1 vs 3.4 mg/dl, P = 0.045) and intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) (18 vs 12 mg/dl, P = 0.017) but not in low density lipoprotein (LDL) (57 vs 46 mg/dl, P = 0.19). Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A-I, and blood pressure were not significantly different between the two groups. There was a high correlation between the sum of insulins during the oral glucose tolerance test and the BMI (rho = 0.88, P = 0.0001). In five IR and five IS subjects, apoB100 kinetics were determined in the fasting state using a bolus dose of deuteroleucine and multicompartmental modeling. IR subjects had significantly lower fractional catabolic rates (FCR) in the larger VLDL1 (-70%), the smaller VLDL2 (-71%), and the IDL (-53%) fractions. No significant differences in production rates were observed for any lipoprotein class. There was a significant correlation between the sum of insulins and the FCR of the apoB100 of VLDL1 (rho = -0.65, P = 0.05) and of IDL (rho = -0.85, P = 0.004). The correlation coefficient of the sum of insulins and the FCR of VLDL2 was -0.61 with P = 0.067. We conclude that in this population of African American males, IR is correlated with a decreased FCR of apoB100 in VLDL and IDL and elevated plasma levels of apoB and triglycerides (TG). These changes might be explained by decreased clearance of the TG-rich lipoproteins. We postulate that this may reflect decreased lipoprotein and/or hepatic lipase activity related to insulin resistance and its association with obesity.     

安康地区人乳头瘤病毒感染特征及其与宫颈癌的关系研究

目的:调查安康地区女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的基因型别及年龄分布特征,分析其与宫颈癌的关系,为宫颈癌防治及HPV疫苗研发提供可靠的依据。方法:收集2010年6月-2012年8月间在本院及安康市部分县级医院妇产科就诊的2736名女性的液基细胞学和组织学标本,分为8个年龄组:16-24岁119例、25-29岁230例、30-34岁343例、35-39岁472例、40-44岁574例、45-49岁512例、50-54岁206例、55-86岁280例,进行病理学分类及HPV分型检测,分析不同年龄组及不同类型宫颈组织中的HPV感染率。结果:2736例女性中发生HPV感染720例(26.32%),共检出21种型别,感染率最高的基因型别是HPV16(25.05%),其他常见型别依次为HPV58、HPV52、HPV6、HPV11。单一感染占76.25%,多重感染占23.75%。HPV感染率在16-24岁、35-39岁和55-86岁三个年龄段出现高峰;而高危型HPV的感染率在35-39岁和55-86岁两个年龄段分别出现高峰。HPV的检出率随着宫颈病变的严重程度而增加,其中正常或炎症人群的HPV感染率显著低于宫颈病变及宫颈鳞状细胞癌患者(均P0.05),且意义未明的不典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)、CIN1-3及宫颈鳞状细胞癌患者的HPV感染率对比结果存在显著差异(P0.05)。CIN1组、CIN2-CIN3组及宫颈鳞状细胞癌组单一感染率逐渐增加(P0.05),且其二重、三重感染率比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:安康地区HPV16型别感染较广,临床需加强对HPV16型单一感染宫颈病变患者的癌症预防工作。     

高龄孕妇孕早期心律失常及转归分析

目的：观察高龄孕妇孕早期ECG异常及心律失常发生特点,记录孕早期房性及室性心律失常的后期转归情况。方法：290例孕妇按照年龄分为35岁以下组,35~39岁组和40~45岁组。行心电图检查,系统分析心电图波形,采集记录异常心电图变化,包括ST段改变、各型心律失常等,记录房性、室性心律失常的好转率及加重率。结果：35~39岁组和40~45岁组心律失常发生率显著高于35岁以下组（P<0.05）;35~39岁组和40~45岁组ST段异常发生率显著高于35岁以下组（P<0.05）;40~45岁组QRS波增宽发生率高于35岁以下组（P<0.05）。35~39岁组和40~45岁组的窦性心动过速、窦性心律不齐和房性早搏发生率显著低于35岁以下组（P<0.05）;40~45岁组阵发性室上速发生率显著高于35岁以下组（P<0.05）,35~39岁组和40~45岁组室性早搏和房颤发生率均显著高于35岁以下组（P<0.05）。40~45岁组的房性心律失常恢复率显著低于35岁以下组（P<0.05）;40~45岁组的房性和室性心律失常加重率显著高于35岁以下组（P<0.05）。35~39岁组的ECG异常组、40~45岁ECG异常组发生率显著高于35岁以下组和35~39岁组的ECG正常组（P<0.05）;35~39岁组及40~45岁的ECG异常组胎儿窘迫发生率显著高于35岁以下组（P<0.05）。结论：高龄与孕早期心律失常发生有正相关,并且高龄因素降低孕期心律失常自行恢复率而升高心律失常恶化发生率,高龄孕妇伴有心电图异常对围生儿状况有不良影响。     

Familial Resemblance of 7‐Year Changes in Body Mass and Adiposity

Objective: To investigate the familial resemblance of 7‐year changes in body mass and adiposity among Canadian families. Research Methods and Procedures: The sample consisted of 655 women and 660 men from 521 families who participated in the Canada Fitness Survey in 1981 and the follow‐up Campbell's Survey in 1988. Indicators of baseline and 7‐year changes in body mass and adiposity included body mass (kilograms), body mass index (BMI; kilograms per square meter), sum of five skinfolds (SF5; millimeters), and waist circumference (WC; millimeters). The data were adjusted for the effects of age and sex, and the change scores were adjusted for baseline levels. A familial correlation model was used to determine the heritability of each phenotype using maximum likelihood techniques. Results: Significant familial resemblance was observed at baseline and for 7‐year changes in all phenotypes. At baseline, moderate heritabilities were observed [body mass: heritability coefficient (h²) = 56%; BMI, h² = 39%; SF5, h² = 41%; and WC, h² = 39%], whereas values were attenuated for each change score except for WC (Δbody mass, h² = 23%; ΔBMI, h² = 14%; ΔSF5, h² = 12%; and ΔWC, h² = 45%). Discussion: Changes in body mass and adiposity significantly aggregate within families over 7 years. However, baseline values are characterized by higher heritability levels except WC. The significant heritabilities observed for change scores suggest that lifestyle, transient environmental factors, and possibly age‐related gene effects are important determinants of changes in body mass and adiposity.     

Sequential hyperglycemic-euglycemic clamp to assess beta-cell and peripheral tissue: studies in female athletes.

Insulin secretion and rate of utilization (R(d)) of glucose were tested during a newly developed sequential clamp in 42 highly trained female athletes (A; 18-69 yr old) and 14 sedentary control women (C; 18--50 yr old; body mass index <25 kg/m(2)). The A women were categorized into four age groups: 18--29, 30--39, 40--49, and 50--69 yr old. The C women were also grouped by age (18--29 and 40--50 yr old). During the three-step clamp (hyperglycemia, return to euglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia), glucose turnover was assessed with [3-(3)H]glucose. Among the A, the youngest group had the largest first- and second-phase insulin response, which was significantly different from the oldest A (P < 0.05). Among the two C groups, first-phase response of both groups and second-phase response of the older group was higher than respective age-matched A (P < 0.05). During the hyperglycemic period, glucose R(d) was similar among A groups and between A and C. Despite similar levels of insulin between groups during the hyperinsulinemic period (approximately 400 pmol/l), A utilized 36% more glucose than C (P < 0.001). Glucose R(d) was not different across the age groups of A. This newly developed sequential clamp procedure allows assessment of both beta-cell sensitivity to glucose and peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin in a single session. We have shown that physical activity improves beta-cell efficiency across the age span in women and ameliorates the effect of age on the decline of peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin.     

Plasma leptin levels strongly correlate with plasma renin activity in patients with essential hypertension.

Previous studies demonstrated elevated plasma leptin and angiotensinogen (PRA) levels in essential hypertension. However, a few studies investigated the relationship between leptin and angiotensinogen levels in both lean and overweight/ obese hypertensives. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine the relationship between blood pressure, leptin and plasma renin activity in normotensives and in both lean and overweight/obese patients with essential hypertension. Two groups of subjects who were carefully matched for age, gender, waist:hip ratio and body mass index (BMI) were studied: 28 normotensives (NT) (age: 40.1+/-9.1 years old, BMI: 28.1+/-3.6 kg/m2, male/female: 18/10) and 33 newly diagnosed mild to moderate essential hypertensives (EHT) (age: 38.9+/-10 years old, BMI: 27.9+/-4.8 kg/m2, male/female: 22/11). No significant differences in age, gender, waist:hip ratio, fasting blood glucose and BMI were detected between EHT and NT groups. However, systolic and diastolic pressures, mean arterial blood pressures, plasma leptin levels and PRA were significantly higher in EHT group than in NT group (P = 0.001). Plasma leptin levels were strongly correlated with BMI in EHT (r=0.67, P = 0.001) and NT groups (r=0.44, P = 0.001). Plasma leptin levels were correlated with plasma PRA levels in both EHT and NT groups (r = 0.66 and r = 0.44; both P < 0.05, respectively). There was no correlation between leptin or PRA and systolic, diastolic pressures, or mean arterial blood pressures. Furthermore, the patients were divided as lean (n=16) and overweight/obese (n = 17) and compared with BMI-matched controls. In both subgroups, plasma leptin and PRA levels were also higher than those of controls. Our results showed that elevated plasma leptin and PRA are associated with hypertension in both lean and overweight/obese hypertensives. Moreover, plasma leptin was significantly correlated with plasma angiotensinogen levels. These findings suggest that adipose mass is an important determinant of blood pressure, although the mechanism is not clear.     

Associations of Aging and Birth Cohort with Body Mass Index in a Biethnic Cohort

Objective: To examine associations of aging and birth cohort with body mass index (BMI) in a biethnic cohort. Research Methods and Procedures: This was a longitudinal closed cohort study of 14, 500 white and African‐American men and women, 45 to 64 years of age, followed for 9 years. Aging was defined as the length of the interval in years between baseline and following visits. Birth cohort was defined by the year in which participants were born. Mixed model analyses were used to examine associations of aging, birth cohort, and BMI in four ethnicity‐gender groups. Results: We found that aging was associated with an increase in BMI in white and African‐American men and women. The associations between aging and BMI were stronger in the younger birth cohorts. Except for white women, younger birth cohort was associated with a higher BMI. After adjusting for aging, birth cohort was associated with an increase in BMI of 0.1 kg/m² [95% confidence interval (95% CI): ?0.1, 0.3] among white women. The corresponding values for African‐American women, white men, and African‐American men are 0.5 kg/m² (95% CI: 0.1, 0.9), 0.6 kg/m² (95% CI: 0.4, 0.8), and 0.6 kg/m² (95% CI: 0.2, 1.0), respectively. Discussion: Our analyses show that, in all except white women, people in this age range who were born later have a higher BMI at the same attained age. In all groups, people who are born later gained more weight as they aged. In general, subjects ages 45 to 64 years gained weight as they aged 9 years.     

兰州市1907例不同年龄正常人群骨密度测定综合分析

目的：了解兰州地区正常人群骨密度的变化特点,分析其变化规律,为预防和治疗骨质疏松症提供科学依据。方法：使用天津圣鸿公司SHY-I数字式骨密度测定仪对兰州地区1907人进行检测,其中男1381例,女526例,分别做左前臂尺、桡骨测量。年龄20～85岁,每10岁为一年龄组进行统计分析。结果：男、女组骨密度峰值均在30-39岁,峰值后随年龄增加而骨密度下降,女性下降较男性显著。骨量减少及骨质疏松患病率在40岁后随年龄增长而增高,女性高于男性。老年人骨量减少及骨质疏松患病率高于中青年人,老年女性骨质疏松患病率与老年男性比较有明显差异（P〈0．05）。结论：兰州地区健康人群骨密度随年龄变化,并与性别有关。骨密度的检测在骨质疏松症的早期预防和治疗中具有重要意义。