父母及个人行为对学龄前儿童超重和肥胖的影响（英文）

目的:探讨学龄前儿童超重和肥胖的现状及其影响因素。方法:从青岛市幼儿园招募年龄在3-6岁儿童参与本调查,通过健康体格检查和问卷调查两部分进行。其中体格检查包括身高和体重的测量,问卷调查内容包括父母的相关变量以及儿童个人饮食行为等因素。其中1080份为完整有效数据。结果:学龄前儿童超重和肥胖人数分别占总数的18.80%和8.98%。男孩的超重和肥胖率(31.8%)高于女生(23.8%)。父亲和母亲的超重和肥胖均与儿童超重和肥胖存在关联性(P0.05)。较长屏幕时间、快速进食是超重和肥胖的危险因素(P0.05),而增加体力活动时间为保护因素(P0.05)。偏爱肉类也是与超重/肥胖相关的因素(P0.05)。结论:孩子个性习惯和父母均与学龄前儿童超重和肥胖相关,学龄前儿童超重和肥胖问题仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题。     

学龄前儿童超重肥胖的调查和影响因素分析

目的：调查北京市学龄前儿童超重肥胖流行现状并分析其影响因素,为制定防制策略提供科学依据。方法：选择842例3~5岁健康查体的学龄前儿童为研究对象,测量身高、体重并计算体质量指数（BMI）。向儿童主要养护人进行问卷调查,获得母亲孕期、儿童早期喂养、身体活动和行为习惯、家庭情况和膳食情况等与儿童超重肥胖的相关信息。以儿童是否超重肥胖为因变量,影响儿童超重肥胖的23个因素为自变量,进行单因素和多因素Logistic 回归分析。结果：学龄前儿童超重率为10.69%、肥胖率为11.28%;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,孕期增重、出生6月内喂养方式、屏幕暴露时长、谷薯类食物食用频率4个变量差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,孕期增重过多、出生6月内人工喂养、每日屏幕暴露时长≥1 h、每周食用谷薯类食物是儿童超重肥胖的危险因素。结论：北京市学龄前儿童超重肥胖率处于较高水平,儿童超重肥胖受多种因素的共同影响。     

湘西地区农村7-15 岁儿童体重指数、血压及其相关性研究

目的:探讨湘西地区农村7-15岁儿童体重指数、血压及其相关性。方法:随机抽取湘西地区怀化市,吉首市,张家界市农村地区,于2011年1月到3月对7-15岁儿童进行调查。我们采用问卷调查法和体格检查法收集资料,采用中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)推荐的"中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准"。高血压诊断采用文献中国儿童青少年血压参照标准评价肥胖和高血压。结果:1755名7-15岁儿童中,男性938人、占53.4%,女性817人占46.6%。男性BMI正常组838人、超重组7人和肥胖组30人,SBP分别为101.1±23.5 mmHg、103.9±12.0 mmHg、106.9±8.8 mmHg,DBP分别为66.7±9.0 mmHg、69.8±7.4 mmHg、71.7±9.1 mmHg。女性BMI正常组768人、超重组43人和肥胖组17人;SBP分别为101.3±35.1 mmHg、104.5±18.0 mmHg、109.1±9.8 mmHg,差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05),DBP分别为66.2±8.1 mmHg、71.1±8.8 mmHg、72.0±7.9 mmHg,差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。制年龄和性别后,BMI与收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)成独立正相关关系(P<0.05);BMI正常组、超重组和肥胖组的高SBP发生率分别是1.3%、7.1%和15.2%,高DBP发生率分别是4.5%、9.2%和17.4%,高SBP发生率分别是5.3%、13.3%和32.6%,差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:儿童BMI与SBP和DBP密切相关,儿童超重和肥胖增加高血压的发生风险,且高血压发生率随肥胖程度的增加呈现成倍上升趋势。     

父母体重状况与儿童肥胖的定性循证研究

目的：综合分析父母体重与子女体重的相关性，为儿童青少年肥胖的发生提供预防及诊疗措施。方法：检索重庆维普数据库、万方数据库、中国期刊全文数据库、Pubmed Medline、Cochrane Library在1998—2020年国内外公开发表的（国内限核心期刊）相关研究文献，语种限定为中文和英文。结果：共检索出文献427篇，本文纳入共11篇文献作为本文的主要证据，其中Meta分析4篇，临床研究7篇。子女体重状态与父母及家庭整体行为相关。父母一方肥胖或父母均肥胖使儿童青少年肥胖发生风险增高。结论：父母体重与子女体重状态关联紧密。父母一方肥胖或父母均肥胖为子女发生肥胖的独立危险因素。     

中国农村6岁以下留守儿童超重肥胖现况

目的：分析和描述2013年中国农村6岁以下留守儿童超重肥胖现况及特征。方法：数据来自2013年中国0~5岁儿童和乳母营养与健康状况监测,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,对象为中国30个省55个监测点6岁以下留守儿童共4 576人。5岁以下儿童超重肥胖判定采用WHO 2006年生长发育标准,5岁儿童采用WHO 2007年生长发育参考值,结果用2010年国家统计局的人口数据进行事后加权计算,利用Rao-Scott修饰权重的卡方检验进行统计学差异检验。结果：2013年中国农村6岁以下留守儿童超重率为6.9%,普通农村、贫困农村分别为7.7%和5.6%,男童、女童超重率分别为7.7%和6.0%。农村留守儿童超重率在性别（P=0.0123）、月龄组（P<0.000 1）、三类地区（P=0.010 8）存在差异;6岁以下留守儿童肥胖率为2.3%,普通农村、贫困农村分别为2.2%和2.5%,男童、女童的肥胖率分别为2.6%和2.0%,农村留守儿童肥胖率在月龄组（P<0.000 1）、父母外出类型（P=0.000 9）存在差异。结论：中国农村6岁以下留守儿童超重肥胖需要关注,加强留守儿童生长发育监测非常重要。     

个性化医学营养干预对超重及肥胖患者的效果评价

目的：探究医学营养干预对门诊超重及肥胖患者体成分及体重管理认知度的影响,为体重管理的实践提供科学依据及相关经验。方法：对2017年6月—12月聊城市人民医院体重管理门诊103名超重及肥胖患者进行3个月的个性化医学营养干预及密切跟踪随访,对干预前超重及肥胖患者超重危险因素进行问卷调查,干预前后患者进行人体成分分析及体重管理认知度调查。结果：聊城市人民医院体重管理门诊103名超重及肥胖患者超重危险因素主要包含嗜油腻（油炸食品、外出进餐频繁）、甜品摄入较多（零食、饮料）、体力运动少（久坐、规律锻炼）、压力大以及睡眠不充足;个性化营养干预后患者体重、BMI、体脂率、腰围及腰臀比明显下降,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,肌肉量无明显变化（P＞0.05）,患者减重知识的认知度明显提高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：个性化医学营养干预对超重及肥胖患者减重效果明显,可广泛推广应用。     

学校食物环境与儿童肥胖的定性循证研究

目的：系统评价学校食物环境与儿童超重肥胖的关系，为相关指南和政策的制定提供循证证据。方法：检索1998—2020年公开发表的相关中英文文献，中文数据库为中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据知识服务平台，英文数据库为Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase等。结果：共检索出2 288篇文献，其中中文359篇，英文1 929篇。经过文献筛选，共有12篇文献纳入本次系统评价，包括1项队列研究，9项横断面研究和2个系统综述。结果显示，学校供餐、售卖机的有无以及所含食物种类与儿童体重和学校附近便利店的数量与距离均与超重肥胖风险有关。结论：学校食物环境与儿童超重肥胖可能有关，还需要更多高质量研究设计的证据支持。     

学校身体活动环境与儿童肥胖的定性循证研究

目的：系统评价学校身体活动环境与儿童超重肥胖的关系，为相关指南和政策的制定提供循证证据。方法：检索1998—2020年公开发表的相关中英文文献，中文数据库为中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据知识服务平台，英文数据库为Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase等。结果：共检索出3 846篇文献，其中中文3 080篇、英文766篇。经过文献筛选，共有8篇英文文献纳入本次系统评价，包括1项队列研究、1项横断面研究、2项干预研究、4项系统综述。结果显示，学校体育运动场所与儿童青少年身体活动水平有关，身体活动水平的增强可有效降低肥胖发生的风险。学校身体活动可以有效预防儿童青少年超重肥胖或延缓超重肥胖率上升速度，尤其对超重肥胖相关指标的改善更有效。结论：学校身体活动环境与儿童超重肥胖可能有关，还需要更多高质量研究设计的证据支持。     

黄山地区居民超重/肥胖与膳食结构的关系研究

目的：了解安徽黄山地区居民的超重/肥胖与膳食结构的关系,为当地居民超重/肥胖的膳食营养干预提供参考和建议。方法：利用方便抽样的方法,在黄山地区居住时间超过10年的家庭中选择200户,称重法记录包括1个休息日在内的连续3日膳食摄入情况,根据标准人日数求出平均每人每天膳食摄入量。从每个家庭中选1名40岁以上者,问卷调查人口学资料及健康状况,规范测量身高、体重、血压、腰围。采用二分类Logistic回归分析超重/肥胖与膳食因素的关系。结果:居民超重率为23.5%、肥胖率5.0%。Logistic回归分析表明：蛋白质供能比过低（OR=1.325,95%CI=1.011～2.948）、脂肪供能比过高（OR=1.749,95%CI=1.064～3.699）、碳水化合物供能比过高（OR=1.238,95%CI=1.057～2.853）以及食盐摄入量（OR=1.493,95%CI=1.270～1.755）具有统计学意义。脂肪供能比过高（OR=1.281,95%CI=1.110～2.716）可能是腹型肥胖的危险因素。结论：膳食因素对该地区居民超重/肥胖和腰围可能有影响。     

松滋市7～12岁单纯性肥胖儿童血清25羟基维生素D水平与其血脂关系的研究

目的：调查湖北省松滋市117例7~12岁儿童维生素D水平与其血脂关系,评价本地区维生素D水平与儿童肥胖的关系。方法：选取2016—2017年在松滋市妇幼保健院接受体检的7~12岁儿童,测定血清25羟基维生素D浓度、BMI以及血脂指标。结果：单纯性肥胖组的血清25羟基维生素D浓度为（10.96±1.64）ng/mL,严重低于正常对照组［（23.93±5.01）ng/mL］（P＜0.05）,超重组的维生素D水平［（16.33±3.54）ng/mL］也低于正常对照组,具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。儿童血清25羟基维生素D水平与其对应的BMI呈显著负相关（r=-0.78,P=0.000）。肥胖组的TC、TG、LDL C水平显著高于超重组和正常对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：松滋市肥胖、超重的儿童体内血清维生素D水平营养状况存在不足和严重缺乏的现象,与光照时间不足、户外活动缺乏有关,建议对维生素D缺乏的儿童进行膳食干预,加强户外活动,重视肥胖与维生素D等相关营养素的知识宣教,减少因维生素D缺乏导致其他疾病的发生。     

Eating Frequency is Associated With Energy Intake but Not Obesity in Midlife Women

Midlife women tend to gain weight with age, thus increasing risk of chronic disease. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between overweight/obesity and behavioral factors, including eating frequency, in a cross‐sectional national sample of midlife women (n = 1,099) (mean age = 49.7 years, and BMI = 27.7 kg/m²). Eating behaviors and food and nutrient intakes were based on a mailed 1‐day food record. BMI was calculated from self‐reported height and weight, and level of physical activity was assessed by self‐reported questionnaire. After exclusion of low‐energy reporters (32% of sample), eating frequency was not associated with overweight/obesity (P > 0.05) and was not different between BMI groups (normal, 5.21 ± 1.79; overweight, 5.16 ± 1.74; obese, 5.12 ± 1.68, P = 0.769). Adjusted logistic regression showed that eating frequency, snacking frequency, breakfast consumption, eating after 10 pm and consuming meals with children or other adults were not significantly associated with overweight/obesity. Total energy intake increased as eating frequency increased in all BMI groups, however, obese women had greater energy intake compared to normal weight women who consumed the same number of meals and snacks. Intake of fruit and vegetables, whole grains, dietary fiber, dairy, and added sugars also increased as eating frequency increased. While eating frequency was not associated with overweight/obesity, it was associated with energy intake. Thus, addressing total energy intake rather than eating frequency may be more appropriate to prevent weight gain among midlife women.     

Prevalence and determinants of obesity in children in public schools of Sintra, Portugal

Objective: To assess the prevalence of and the factors related to overweight and obesity in a sample of children from the region of Sintra, Portugal. Methods and Procedures: Cross‐sectional study, stratified for freguesia with random selection of schools. Height, weight, triceps skinfold, upper arm and waist circumferences were measured, and overweight/obesity defined according to international criteria. Breast‐feeding, number of daily meals and parents' height and weight data were also collected. Results: One thousand two hundred and twenty‐five children aged 6–10 years were assessed. Overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 35.6% (23% overweight and 12.6% obesity). Overweight or obese children had higher triceps skinfold, upper arm circumference, arm muscle area, and waist circumference than their normal weight counterparts (P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, relatively to a child without obese progenitors, a child with one obese progenitor had an obesity risk multiplied by 2.78 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.76–4.38), while a child with two obese progenitors had a risk multiplied by 6.47 (95% CI: 5.59–16.19). Conversely, being picky was significantly related with a smaller risk of obesity: for boys, odds ratio (OR) = 0.15 (95% CI: 0.04–0.63); for girls, OR = 0.19 (95% CI: 0.06–0.64). Finally, no relationships were found between obesity, birth weight, birth height or breast‐feeding. Discussion: Prevalence of overweight and obesity are elevated among children of the Sintra region in Portugal compared to most other regions of Europe. The relationship with the parents' nutritional state stresses the need to target families for preventing obesity.     

Bright Start: Description and Main Outcomes From a Group‐Randomized Obesity Prevention Trial in American Indian Children

The aim of the Bright Start study was to develop and test the effectiveness of a school environment intervention, supplemented with family involvement, to reduce excessive weight gain by increasing physical activity and healthy eating practices among kindergarten and first‐grade American Indian children. Bright Start was a group‐randomized, school‐based trial involving 454 children attending 14 schools on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota. Children were followed from the beginning of their kindergarten year through the end of first grade. Main outcome variables were mean BMI, mean percent body fat, and prevalence of overweight/obese children. The goals of the intervention were to: increase physical activity at school to at least 60 min/day; modify school meals and snacks; and involve families in making behavioral and environmental changes at home. At baseline, 32% of boys and 25% of girls were overweight/obese. Although the intervention was not associated with statistically significant change in mean levels of BMI, BMI‐Z, skinfolds or percentage body fat, the intervention was associated with a statistically significant net decrease of 10% in the prevalence of overweight. Intervention children experienced a 13.4% incidence of overweight, whereas the control children experienced a corresponding incidence of 24.8%; a difference of ?11.4% (P = 0.033). The intervention significantly reduced parent‐reported mean child intakes of sugar‐sweetened beverages, whole milk, and chocolate milk. Changes in duration of school physical activity were not significant. Because obesity is the most daunting health challenge facing American Indian children today, more intervention research is needed to identify effective approaches.     

Physical activity intensity and risk of overweight and adiposity in children

Background: Physical activity recommendations for children focus on duration of activity and underemphasize intensity. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between physical activity (intensity and duration) and the odds of being overweight, >20% body fat and >25% body fat. Methods and Procedures: Body fat, BMI and physical activity (accelerometry) were measured in children (n = 251) aged 8–10 years. Physical activity was quantified as time in moderate physical activity (MPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA). Results: Prevalence of overweight and obesity were 18 and 11.6%, respectively. Regression indicated that VPA, not MPA, is associated with body fat (r = 0.35, P < 0.001) and BMI (r = 0.26, P < 0.001). Odds ratio demonstrated a significant impact of MPA and VPA on body composition. Children performing ≤ 5 min/day of VPA are 4.0 times more likely to have ≥ 20% body fat (P < 0.001), 2.9 times more likely to have ≥ 25% body fat (P < 0.05) and 5.2 times more likely to be classified as overweight (P < 0.01) compared to children performing ≥ 15 min/day. Those performing ≤ 15 min/day of MPA vs. >45 min/day MPA are at 4.2 increased odds of having ≥ 20% body fat (P < 0.001), and 3.0 increased odds of having ≥ 25% (P < 0.01). Discussion: Lower durations of both MPA and VPA are associated with increased odds of overweight and adiposity. Forty‐five minutes of MPA and fifteen minutes of VPA were associated with reduced body fat and BMI. We recommend that these amounts are used to develop minimum physical activity intensity guidelines for the prevention and treatment of obesity.     

Headaches in overweight children and adolescents referred to a tertiary-care center in Israel

Objective: To assess the association between obesity and primary headaches in children and adolescents. Methods and Procedures: In a prospective study, the short‐questionnaire version based on existing International Headache Society diagnostic criteria was administered. Two hundred and seventy‐three children and adolescents (61% females) aged 9–17 years were assessed. One hundred and sixteen (42.5%) subjects were of normal weight, 45 (16.5%) were at risk for overweight (BMI >85th and <95th percentile for age and gender) and 112 (41%) were overweight (BMI ≥95th percentile). The outcome measures were prevalence of headaches, type of headaches, association between headaches and elevated blood pressure in overweight subjects. Results: Headache was reported in 39 (14.3%) subjects, with a similar rate in females (14.5%) and males (14%). Among 39 subjects with headaches, 20 (17.9%) were overweight, 7 (15.6%) were at risk for overweight and 12 (10.3%) were normal‐weight children. Among females, 7.7% of normal‐weight group suffered from headaches, compared with 14.8% of the at risk for overweight group and 20.3% of the overweight group (P for trend 0.04). Among males, the occurrence of headaches was similar in all three weight groups (P = 0.96). The occurrence of headaches increased from 10.6% among children aged 9–11 years to 21.8% in the 15–18 years age group (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, a significant independent risk for headaches was present in overweight females (odds ratio (OR) = 3.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28–12.1) and in adolescents aged 15–18 years (OR = 2.62, 95% CI 1.07–6.45). Elevated blood pressure was not independently associated with headaches. Of the 15 children with migraine, 12 were either at risk for overweight or overweight. Discussion: Overweight females had an almost fourfold excess risk of headaches when compared with normal‐weight girls.     

Low Recognition of Childhood Overweight and Disease Risk among Native‐American Caregivers**

Objectives: Pediatric obesity is a significant and increasing problem in Native‐American communities. The aim of this study was to determine whether parents and other caregivers from three Wisconsin tribes recognized overweight children. We also assessed caregiver attributes associated with levels of concern for risk of future overweight and chronic disease. Research Methods and Procedures: Data were obtained from child health screenings and caregiver surveys. Participants included 366 kindergarten‐through‐second grade child–caregiver dyads. Children's BMI percentiles were calculated and compared with caregiver responses. We assessed the relationships between predictors of caregiver concern for health risk factors and recognition of overweight. Results: Twenty‐six percent of children were overweight (≥95th percentile), and 19% were at risk for being overweight (≥85th to <95th percentile) using Centers for Disease Control standards. Caregivers recognized only 15.1% of overweight children. Factors predictive of child overweight recognition included a child BMI >99th percentile and grandmother as caregiver. Overall, caregivers were more concerned about diabetes and cardiovascular disease than obesity. Parents with diabetes and heart disease were more concerned than others about risk for these diseases; however, only diabetic parents made a connection between child weight status and future risk of obesity‐related disease. Child sex, child age, and parental education level were not significant predictors for caregiver recognition of an overweight child. Discussion: Most caregivers did not recognize overweight children or associate excess weight with increased risk of disease. When designing community interventions, it is crucial to incorporate caregivers’ attitudes and beliefs regarding childhood overweight and risk of future disease.     

Parental recognition of overweight in school-age children

Objective: Examine the accuracy of parental weight perceptions of overweight children before and after the implementation of childhood obesity legislation that included BMI screening and feedback. Methods and Procedures: Statewide telephone surveys of parents of overweight (BMI ≥ 85th percentile) Arkansas public school children before (n = 1,551; 15% African American) and after (n = 2,508; 15% African American) policy implementation were examined for correspondence between parental perception of child's weight and objective classification. Results: Most (60%) parents of overweight children underestimated weight at baseline. Parents of younger children were significantly more likely to underestimate (65%) than parents of adolescents (51%). Overweight parents were not more likely to underestimate, nor was inaccuracy associated with parental education or socioeconomic status. African‐American parents were twice as likely to underestimate as whites. One year after BMI screening and feedback was implemented, the accuracy of classification of overweight children improved (53% underestimation). African‐American parents had significantly greater improvements than white parents (P < 0.0001). Discussion: Parental recognition of childhood overweight may be improved with BMI screening and feedback, and African‐American parents may specifically benefit. Nonetheless, underestimation of overweight is common and may have implications for public health interventions.     

Differences in physical activity between non-overweight, overweight and obese children

The purpose of the study was to find out differences in moderate to vigorous physical activity among non-overweight, overweight and obese children, and between boys and girls. The sample included 364 children (179 boys and 185 girls), aged 6.4 years (+/- 0.3 SD). Physical activity was assessed by 7-day questionnaire. Age adapted BMI was used as overweight and obesity indicator. The children were divided into non-overweight, overweight and obese groups. It was found out, that there are significant differences in non-overweight, overweight and obese children (p < 0.05). Boys were significantly (p < 0.05) less moderate to vigorous physical active than girls, especially in indoor activities. There were also significant differences (p < 0.05) in moderate to vigorous physical activity among non-overweight and obese boys and among overweight and obese boys in weekends and total weekly activity. In girls there are significant differences (p < 0.05) in non-overweight, overweight and groups in weekends and total weekly activity. It is possible to conclude, that obese boys and overweight and obese girls, are prone to less physical activity.     

Obesity and physical activity among Aboriginal Canadians

Objective: To investigate ethnic differences in obesity and physical activity among Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal Canadians. Methods and Procedures: The sample included 24,279 Canadians (1,176 Aboriginals, 23,103 non‐Aboriginals) aged 2–64 years from the 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). Adult participants were classified as underweight/normal weight, overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m²) or obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²). Children and youth 2–17 years of age were classified as normal weight, overweight or obese based on the International Obesity Task Force criteria. Leisure‐time physical activity levels over the previous 3 months were obtained by questionnaire in those aged 12–64 years. Results: The prevalence of obesity in adults was 22.9% (men: 22.9%; women: 22.9%), and the prevalence was higher among Aboriginals (37.8%) compared to non‐Aboriginals (22.6%). The prevalence of obesity in children and youth was 8.2% (boys: 9.2%; girls: 7.2%), and the prevalence was higher among Aboriginals (15.8%) compared to non‐Aboriginals (8.0%). In both youth and adults, the odds for obesity were higher among Aboriginals (youth: OR = 2.3 (95% CI: 1.4–3.8); adults: OR = 2.4 (95% CI: 1.6–3.6)) after adjustment for a number of covariates. There were no ethnic differences in the prevalence of physical inactivity; however, physical inactivity was a predictor of obesity in both the Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal samples. Discussion: The prevalence of obesity is higher among Canadian Aboriginals compared to the rest of the population. Further research is required to better delineate the determinants of obesity and the associated health consequences in this population.     

儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征与肥胖的相关性研究

目的:探讨儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停/低通气综合征(OSAHS)与肥胖的相关性。方法:收集单纯性肥胖儿童120例和体重正常儿童110例作为研究对象,进行统一的体格检查和专科检查,并进行多导睡眠监测记录阻塞性呼吸暂停指数(OAI)、呼吸暂停/低通气指数(AHI)、中枢性呼吸暂停指数(CAI)、最低血氧饱和度(LSa O2)和睡眠效率。结果:肥胖组OSAHS患病率为58.33%显著高于对照组的31.82%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);OAI、AHI、CAI均显著高于对照组,而LSa O2、睡眠效率指标显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);多因素回归分析显示,肥胖、扁桃体增生、腺样体增生是导致OSAHS的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:肥胖是儿童OSAHS发病的重要影响因素,特别是合并扁桃体肿大或腺样体肿大的患儿应注意预防OSAHS的发生。