茶多糖金属络合物的制备及清除自由基活性研究

粗老绿茶经弱碱性的大孔阴离子交换树脂D315柱层析分级,得到以酸性糖为主的多糖样品ATPS.将ATPS与金属离子Ca2+、Fe3+络合,制备得到ATPS-Ca(Ⅱ),ATPS-Fe(Ⅲ)络合物.研究发现茶多糖对不同的金属离子配位能力大小不同,ATPS-Ca(Ⅱ)的络合程度远高于ATPS-Fe(Ⅲ).红外光谱扫描发现茶多糖可能以仲羟基和羧基的C-O配位为主.采用化学发光体系产生自由基模型,以比较经金属离子络合后的不同结构的茶多糖清除自由基的能力.研究发现:ATPS及其络合物清除·OH活性远高于O2-,且ATPS-Ca(Ⅱ)清除羟自由基活性比ATPS减弱很多,ATPS-Fe(Ⅲ)清除羟自由基活性与ATPS接近,一方面,这可能与茶多糖ATPS与二价钙的络合程度远远强于与三价铁的络合程度,其清除·OH活性很大程度与络合金属离子位点的数目及络合强度有关,另一方面,可能与·OH相比,茶多糖与O2-的反应活性很弱有关.     

长白楤木根、茎、叶水溶性多糖的纯化及组成分析

长白楤木是一种具有药用价值的植物。本实验用热水浸提、醇析、Severge法除蛋白,水相透析得到粗多糖。粗多糖经过DEAE-纤维素柱层析洗脱,再经SephadexG-200葡聚糖凝胶柱层析后,得到4种纯多糖,命名为根(gNaCl)茎(JH2O)茎(JNaCl)叶(YNaCl)。红外光谱和其完全水解的高效液相色谱分析表明,4种多糖不含硫酸基团和乙酰基,具备β-糖苷键以及糖类特征吸收峰。其中,根的NaCl洗脱多糖组分为D-半乳糖醛酸、D-果糖、D-葡萄糖,茎的水洗脱液多糖组分为D-甘露糖、D-葡萄糖,茎的NaCl洗脱多糖组分D-葡萄糖、D-半乳糖,叶的洗脱多糖组分为D-半乳糖醛酸和D-山梨糖。     

地木耳多糖的提取与纯化研究

对地木耳采用水提醇沉法获得的地木耳多糖粗提取物,采用Sevage法脱蛋白质、醇沉,干燥得粗多糖,进一步用DEAE-52纤维素柱层析分离纯化,用纸色谱和琼脂糖凝胶电泳对洗脱组分进行纯度鉴定。结果表明：Sevage法脱蛋白7次可脱除94%的蛋白质,多糖得率为13.75%。DEAE-52纤维素柱层析后得到10种组分,浓缩干燥后得到白色粉末状多糖组分,每个组分经过纯度鉴定后均为单一的多糖。选择水和NaC l溶液为洗脱剂的温和条件分离纯化多糖效果较好。     

丹皮多糖PSM2b的纯化及其理化性质研究

从中药丹皮(MoutanCortex)蒸馏水浸提液得到粗多糖,经DEAE Cellulose 52柱层析分离得到降血糖组分PSM2b,Surperdex200柱层析进一步纯化得到PSM2b A和PSM2b B两个组分,快速层析纯化系统(FPLC)和电泳鉴定为均一的多糖蛋白复合物。FPLC法测定A和B两组分的分子量分别为1.16×105、1.30×104,苯酚 硫酸法测得其总糖含量分别为76.91%、32.00%,Folin 酚法测得其蛋白含量分别为9.90%、42.60%。气相色谱分析PSM2b A的单糖组成为:L 鼠李糖、L 岩藻糖、L 阿拉伯糖、D 木糖、D 甘露糖、D 葡萄糖、D 半乳糖,摩尔比依次为1.00∶0.18∶4.30∶0.50∶1.30∶2.41∶6.97,PSM2b B的单糖组成为:L 鼠李糖、L 岩藻糖、L 阿拉伯糖、D 葡萄糖、D 半乳糖,摩尔比依次为1.00∶1.17∶0.183∶2.34∶4.18。两者的红外光谱呈现多糖吸收特征峰,含有吡喃糖苷键。β消去反应初步证明所提取的两种糖蛋白不存在O 型糖肽键。     

Beta proteobacterium sp.T1菌株产壳聚糖酶的分离纯化

目的:分离纯化Beta proteobacterium sp.T1菌株所产的壳聚糖酶.方法:采用(NH4)2SO4(20%～70%)分级盐析、阴离子交换树脂DEAE Cellulose 52柱层析、SephadexG-100柱层析技术进行分离纯化,采用SDS-PAGE鉴定酶的纯度、分子量.结果:经DEAE Cellulose 52柱层析,壳聚糖酶纯化了13.19倍;经Sephadex G-100柱层析,壳聚糖酶纯化了26.32倍.结论:纯化后的酶经SDS-PAGE鉴定已达到电泳纯,分子量29.5kDa.     

金花茶叶多糖的分离纯化及组成分析

以金花茶叶为原料,以纯化水为溶剂提取金花茶叶粗多糖(Crude polysaccharides from dry leaves of Blumea riparia,CCTLP),经过D101大孔树脂脱色,上DEAE-纤维素柱分离,依次用水、0.15 mol/L Na Cl、0.3 mol/L Na Cl、0.45 mol/L Na Cl溶液梯度洗脱,得CCTLP-0、CCTLP-0.15、CCTLP-0.3和CCTLP-0.45四个洗脱部分;将CCTLP-0、CCTLP-0.15部分采用Sevage法脱蛋白、活水透析、Sephadex G-15柱层析脱盐,再经琼脂糖Sepharose6FF柱层析分离纯化,得到CCTLP-0-1、CCTLP-0.15-1、CCTLP-0.15-2、CCTLP-0.15-3和CCTLP-0.15-4五个组份;经GPC检测其分子量及分子量分布和GPC峰型表明,确定它们为均一组份多糖;CCTLP-0、CCTLP-0.15酸解,经HPLC分析其组份结果显示,CCTLP-0和CCTLP-0.15洗脱部分主要由鼠李糖、果糖和半乳糖组成,其摩尔质量比大致为:1.00∶1.066∶0.384和1.00∶1.186∶0.544。     

发酵液中L-色氨酸分离纯化工艺研究

通过静态吸附实验,考察了温度、pH值对001×7阳离子交换树脂平衡吸附量的影响,并测定了吸附动力学曲线。通过动态实验,测定了动态吸附曲线和洗脱曲线。最后确定了001×7阳离子交换树脂分离纯化L-色氨酸的最佳工艺条件:用001×7阳离子交换树脂吸附L-色氨酸,以浓度为2 mol.L-1氨水进行洗脱,收集的流份经D315阴离子交换树脂脱色,浓缩结晶后得L-色氨酸成品,总提取率为73.0%。     

酵母蛋白多糖的分离纯化及鉴定

以热带假丝酵母和八孢裂殖酵母为材料,通过化学抽提法得到多糖粗取物,经DEAE纤维素阴离子交换柱分离纯化得到组分Ma和Mb,经Sephadex G200柱层析鉴定,它们为均一成分,分子量分别为438kD和667kD;蛋白分析表明Ma和Mb为蛋白多糖;经薄层层析和高压液相分析,Ma主要含甘露糖,Mb则由甘露糖和半乳糖组成,其摩尔比为1.3∶1;氨基酸组成分析表明Ma和Mb含有4种极性氨基酸和12种非极性氨基酸;经邻苯三酚自氧化法检测Ma与Mb均能抑制邻苯三酚自氧化,具有体外抗氧化能力。动物实验表明Ma和Mb具有抑制小白鼠肝癌H22实体瘤的作用。     

桦褶孔菌多糖的分离纯化及清除自由基活性

利用水提醇沉法对桦褶孔菌Lenzites betulina粗多糖HZKJc进行提取,随后经Sevage法和酶法联合脱蛋白,再经DEAE‐Sephadex A‐25,G‐100柱层析纯化后得到多糖纯品HZKJv。通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定上述纯化多糖的纯度和相对分子量分布;经纸层析(PC)、气相色谱(GC)、红外光谱(IR)进行单糖组成分析;并研究其清除自由基活性。分离纯化后得到的HZKJv为纯多糖,相对分子质量约为11 687。当HZKJv溶液浓度为3.0mg/m L时,其DPPH自由基清除率可达82%;浓度为2.0mg/m L时,对?OH自由基的清除率可达85%。表明HZKJv对?OH与DPPH自由基存在很好的清除作用。     

金耳子实体和发酵菌丝体多糖的分离纯化与结构的比较研究

人工段木栽培的金耳（ＴｒｅｎｅｌｌａａｕｒａｎｔｉａｌｂａＢａｎｄｏｎｉｅｔＺａｎｇ）子实体和深层培养的金耳菌丝体分别经沸水提取,醇析,透析,Ｓｅｖａｇｅ法脱蛋白,ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００柱层析纯化,得子实体纯多糖ＴＡｆ和菌丝体纯多糖ＡＴｍ。玻璃纤维纸电泳表明ＴＡｍ和ＴＡｆ为单一均匀多糖。糖层层析表明,ＴＡｍ的单糖组成为半乳糖,葡萄糖,甘露糖,岩藻糖,鼠李糖,ＴＡｆ单糖组成为葡萄糖,甘露糖,木糖     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.