Aulonemia bogotensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new species from the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia

A new species of Aulonemia from the páramos of the Cordillera Oriental, Cundinamarca, Colombia, is described and illustrated. Aulonemia bogotensis is distinguished by its diminutive size, abaxially tomentose foliage leaf blades, and spikelets with muticous lemmas. Two similar Colombian endemics, A. pumila and A. trianae, are compared and contrasted with the new species.     

Aulonemia yanachagensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae): A new species from central Peru

Aulonemia yanachagensis is described from cloud forests at 2600–3000 m elevation in the Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén Prov. Oxapampa, Dept. Pasco, Peru. It differs from all other congeners in its combination of prominent sheath auricles, with abundant radiate fimbriae, small foliage leaf blades, and awnless spikelets.     

Maclurochloa trangdinhensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new species from northern Vietnam

A clambering bamboo endemic to northern Vietnam is shown to represent a new species, M. trangdinhensis H.N.Nguyen & V.T.Tran (Gramineae: Bambusoideae‐Bambusinae), which is described and illustrated. It is similar to M. tonkinensis in general appearance, but differs by being covered with appressed white hairs, and by auricles lacking or forming a low rim only, smaller leaf blade 20–24 × 2.3–2.5 cm, and smaller glumes 6–7 × 4.0–4.5 mm. A key to all species of the genus is included.     

Melocalamus grandiauritus (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new clambering species from northern Vietnam

Here we describe and illustrate a new species, Melocalamus grandiauritus N.H. Xia, Q.M. Qin & J. B. Ni sp. nov., from the lowland forest in Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. Molecular phylogeny based on the GBSSI indicates that this species is a member of Melocalamus. Morphologically, M. grandiauritus is different from all congeneric species in Vietnam. It is somewhat similar to M. pacoensis H.N.Nguyen & V.T.Tran, but is easily distinguished by having much wider suborbicular culm leaf auricles, very high and ventricose auricles of foliage leaves, entire ligules of both culm leaves and foliage leaves, and large leaf blades.     

Sucrea (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new genus from Brazil

Sucrea, a new genus of herbaceous bambusoid grasses is based on the newly described species,S. monophylla. Also belonging to this genus is another new species,S. maculata, and the taxon originally namedOlyra sampaiana. The new genus is contrasted in a key with others of its tribe Olyreae, and a key is given to its three species.     

Trisetum curvisetum (Poaceae: Aveneae), a new species from Mexico

Trisetum curvisetum is a new species from high Sierra Madre Oriental in Nuevo León, Mexico. Its soft rather than liquid endosperm is new for the genus, and its lemma awn is thin and flexuous, easily distinguishable from that of other North AmericanTrisetum.     

Pseudosasa xishuangbannaensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Arundinarieae), a new species from Yunnan, China

Pseudosasa xishuangbannaensis is described and illustrated as a new species of Arundinarieae (the temperate woody bamboos) from southern Yunnan, China. It belongs to Pseudosasa subg. Sinicae. The new species is characterized by glabrous culm leaf sheaths with dense setae at the base, several to many spikelets, and 5–7 glumes, and it can be distinguished from closely related species by these morphological features and molecular evidence.     

<Emphasis Type=Italic>Aulonemia cochabambensis</Emphasis> (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Arthrostylidiinae), an anomalous new species from Bolivia

Aulonemia cochabambensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Arthrostylidiinae), a new species from the Department of Cochabamba, Bolivia, is described and illustrated. It has foliage leaves with delicate fimbriae, no sheath auricles, narrow blades, an abaxial dark marginal stripe, and intercostal sclerenchyma; few-flowered paniculate synflorescences; and robust, awned spikelets. The new species is compared with its putative relatives Aulonemia laxa and Arthrostylidium schomburgkii. A key to the species of Aulonemia in Bolivia is also included.     

Four new species of Chusquea (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) from Brazil and Ecuador

Four new species ofChusquea—C. bahiana, C. bradei, C. leonardiorum, andC. loxensis—are described and illustrated.Chusquea bahiana andC. bradei, classified within subg.Rettbergia withinChusquea based on their infravaginal, geniculate branching and spatheate, often contracted inflorescences, are endemic to the Atlantic forests of Bahia and Espírito Santo, Brazil, where they are relatively uncommon.Chusquea leonardiorum andC. loxensis are native to the páramos of southern Ecuador;C. leonardiorum is moderately widespread, butC. loxensis is known from only two populations in the Parque Nacional Podocarpus in the province of Loja. These two species are allied withChusquea sect.Chusquea based on their erect to arching or scandent habit, extravaginal branching, and relatively numerous subsidiary branches per node.     

Stipa valdemonensis (Poaceae), a new species from Sicily

Abstract

A new species of Stipa, endemic to Sicily, named Stipa valdemonensis is described here. The new taxon is related to Stipa crassiculmis. Owing to the small number of individuals observed, in few restricted localities only, it is assigned the IUCN threat status “vulnerable”.     

Chusquea and Swallenochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae): Generic relationships and new species

One new species of Chusquea and three of Swallenochloa are described. Morphological characters, especially of the culm leaves and branching, are pointed out as useful in distinguishing the two genera. A key to the 7 recognized species of Swallenochloa is given, and a discussion of its habitat, the páramo. Comment is made upon the recent evolution of the páramo habitat and therefore of the bamboo adapted to it, and reasons offered for the apparent active speciation which characterizes this bamboo genus.     

Dioon merolae (Zamiaceae), a new species from Mexico

A new species ofDioon found in northwestern Chiapas is characterized by linear-lanceolate leaflets arising at an acute angle from the rachis, obliquely inserted on it and imbricate.     

Dioon holmgrenii (Zamiaceae), a new species from Mexico

A new species ofDioon (Dioon holmgrenii), found on the Pacific slope of southern Oa xaca, is characterized by leaflets which are spinulose especially on the upper margin, elongate and narrow. Distribution and ecology of OaxacanDioon species are reported.     

Hesperozygis pusilla (Labiatae), a new species from Mexico

Hesperozygis pusilla Irving, a rare and apparently endemic species from Galeana, Nuevo León, is described. It is closely allied toH. ciliolata Epling. BothH. ciliolata andH. pusilla have chromosome numbers of 2n = 36.     

Dioon califanoi (Zamiaceae), a new species from Mexico

A new Mexican species ofDioon has been found in Oaxaca,Dioon califanoi, characterized by keeled fronds and leaflets inserted obliquely above the rachis. A key to the known species ofDioon is given.     

Dioon rzedowskii (Zamiaceae), a new species from Mexico

A new species ofDioon has been found in Oaxaca. It is characterized by leaflets which are entire, lanceolate but unequally tapering toward the apex and over 10 mm wide at the middle portion of the frond.     

Dioon caputoi (Zamiaceae), a new species from Mexico

A new species ofDioon (D. caputoi), found in Puebla, Mexico, is characterized by narrow leaflets, arising at an acute angle from the rachis and regularly and widely spaced along it. This species has hitherto been confused withD. purpusii.     

A new combination in Aulonemia (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) based on floral analysis, anatomical features, and distribution

Recent bamboo collections from Brazil, and the study of specimens from several Brazilian herbaria revealed that the species described as Eremocaulon setosum, subtribe Guaduineae, in fact fits within the Arthrostylidiinae genus Aulonemia, based on floral and anatomical characters. Several characters found in this species, such as paniculate determinate synflorescences, solitary spikelets, an abaxial marginal green stripe on the foliage leaf blades, absence of stomata on the entire adaxial side of the leaf blade, and intercostal fibers in the mesophyll are typical features of the subtribe Arthrostylidiinae. The new combination Aulonemia setosa is here proposed, an epitype is designated, and a broader distributional range of this species is documented.     

Two new species of Yushania (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) from South China,with a taxonomic revision of related species

Two new species of Yushania (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Arundinarieae) are described and illustrated from Hunan, China. Yushania longshanensis D.Z. Li & X.Y. Ye is distinguished from related species (Y. confusa, Y. angustifolia and Y. pachyclada) by having a thinner culm (0.2–0.3 cm in diameter), glabrous sheath scar, no oral setae, a large glabrous leaf blade (10–20 × 0.9–1.3 cm) and 3–4 pairs of secondary veins. Yushania stoloniforma D.Z. Li & X.Y. Ye has a distinctive scrambling habit, which differs from its putative close allies. Both of these two new species have a solitary branch at the basal nodes and can be assigned to Yushania sect. Yushania based on morphological features. Additionally, we treated Yushania gigantea T.P. Yi & L. Yang as a new synonym of Y. elevata T.P. Yi and renamed Y. microphylla T.P. Yi & L. Yang as Y. weiningensis D.Z. Li & X.Y. Ye.     

Cephalostachyum chevalieri a new synonym of Kinabaluchloa wrayi (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), and a new bamboo record for Vietnam

Cephalostachyum chevalieri A. Camus is found to be a new synonym of Kinabaluchloa wrayi (Stapf) K. M. Wong, extending the species range from the Malay Peninsula to Vietnam. Its type, Chevalier 4485, and other specimens collected from the type locality, have the same culm leaf, pseudo‐spikelet and flower characteristics as K. wrayi.