大鼠子宫宫腔粘连模型的建立及评价指标

子宫内膜损伤是导致宫腔粘连的最主要原因,建立有效的子宫内膜损伤动物模型是研究此类疾病发生、发展和治疗反应等不可或缺的支撑条件。通过宫腔注射95%的乙醇制造大鼠(Rattus norvegicus)子宫内膜损伤模型,检测胚胎植入数目来分析子宫内膜损伤对大鼠生育情况的影响,观察大鼠子宫内膜厚度、腺体数量和纤维化面积,分析乙醇处理对子宫内膜的影响;检测细胞角蛋白(CK-19)和波性蛋白(Vimentin)的表达水平,分析上皮细胞和间质细胞的增殖分化及子宫内膜损伤程度。结果显示,正常组大鼠子宫比损伤组更为平滑且有韧性,与正常组相比,损伤组大鼠生育率显著降低(P0.01),子宫内膜厚度变薄(P0.01)、腺体数量显著减少(P0.01),纤维化面积显著增大(P0.01),CK-19和Vimentin表达量显著下调。结果提示已成功建立大鼠子宫内膜损伤动物模型。     

雌激素受体α基因多态性及其表达与子宫内膜增生的关系

目的:探讨子宫内膜增生症雌激素受体α(estrogen receptorα,ERα)基因多态性及其与表达的关系.方法:选择江西地区150例子宫内膜增生症患者为实验组,100例子宫内膜正常妇女为对照组.应用分子生物学的方法分析ERα基因Xba Ⅰ和PvuⅡ限制性片段长度多态性,通过逆转录-多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)和Western blot方法分析ERα表达.结果:(1)X等位基因频率的变化与子宫内膜增生程度具有相关性P＜0.01,不典型增生组中XX型频率是正常组的4倍.随着子宫内膜增生程度的增加,P等位基因频率减少,人群中PP基因型频率逐渐减少;(2)单纯性增生、复杂性增生ERαmRNA和蛋白表达均比正常组高(P＜0.01),而不典型增生ERαmRNA和蛋白质表达均比单纯增生、复杂增生低(P＜0.01).结论:ERα基因多态性与子宫内膜增生发生及增生程度存在相关性.ERα表达的下调与子宫内膜不典型增生的发生有关.     

原因不明子宫内膜薄雌激素受体α基因多态性及其表达

旨在探讨原因不明子宫内膜薄雌激素受体α(estrogen receptor alpha,ERα)基因多态性及其与表达的关系。选择120名原因不明子宫内膜薄患者为试验组,120名子宫内膜正常人群作为对照组。应用分子生物学的方法分析ERα基因PvuⅡ,XbaⅠ限制性片段长度多态性。通过逆转录-多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)和Western印迹法分析ERα表达。结果显示,P基因型频率试验组为47.1%,对照组为30.0%,OR值:2.076。试验组X基因型频率为20.8%,对照组为30.4%,OR值:0.602。Pvu II和Xba I限制性片段长度多态性在两组中均呈多态性分布。试验组ERα的mRNA和蛋白质表达均比对照组降低(P0.05)。由此得出,ERα基因多态性与原因不明子宫内膜薄有关,P等位基因可能是其危险因素,X等位基因可能是其保护因素。ERα在子宫内膜中原因不明子宫内膜薄中的表达低于子宫内膜厚度正常子宫内膜。     

自然发情与诱导发情小鼠子宫内膜中雌激素受体α表达的比较

目的从雌激素受体α(ERα)的角度探讨自然发情小鼠与诱导发情小鼠的子宫内膜上,雌激素受体α表达是否受内源雌激素的特异诱导而变化,两者之间是否存在差异。方法27只同日龄母鼠,根据处理方式的不同随机分为3个组:自然发情假孕组(对照组)、诱导发情处理假孕组和自然发情假孕第1天摘除卵巢组,3个组的小鼠在见栓后第4、6、8天分别取样后,采用免疫组织化学法观察小鼠子宫内膜中雌激素受体α的表达情况。结果免疫组化结果显示,3个处理组的小鼠子宫内膜上皮细胞核、胞质都有ERα存在,且主要表达在腺上皮;见栓第4、6、8天时,诱导发情处理组小鼠子宫内膜的ERα阳性率均显著高于自然发情组和自然发情第1天摘除卵巢组(P0.05);见栓第8天时,自然发情处理组小鼠子宫内膜中的ERα阳性率与自然发情第1天摘除卵巢组差异不显著(P0.05),但见栓第4、6天时两者阳性率差异显著,自然发情处理组小鼠子宫内膜中的ERα阳性率显著高于自然发情第1天摘除卵巢组(P0.05)。结论诱导发情处理的小鼠子宫内膜,其表面雌激素受体α表达显著高于自然发情小鼠,且两者都受其内源性雌激素的特异诱导而变化。     

逍遥丸合六味地黄丸对原因不明月经过少子宫内膜细胞ER、VEGF和KDR表达影响

探讨逍遥丸合六味地黄丸治疗原因不明月经过少的机理.原代培养原因不明月经过少病人的子宫内膜,采用免疫细胞化学进行细胞鉴定.空白对照组,高剂量组,中剂量组,低剂量组,雌激素组.免疫蛋白质斑迹法观察子宫内膜细胞的雌激素受体(ER)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其受体(KDR)表达改变.逍遥丸合六味地黄丸能增强子宫内膜细胞的ER、VGER和KDR表达.逍遥丸合六味地黄丸可能通过提高子宫内膜组织中ER、VEGF和KDR治疗原因不明月经过少.     

ER和PRmRNAs在内异症子宫内膜表达的变化

目的 :探讨雌激素受体 (ER)和孕激素受体 (PR)在子宫内膜异位症 (内异症 )子宫内膜的表达。方法 :利用大鼠内异症动物模型 ,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)技术 ,检测子宫内膜ER和PRmRNAs的表达情况。结果 :内异症模型组大鼠异位内膜ER、PRmRNAs的表达低于在位内膜和对照组正常子宫内膜 ,与后两者比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ;而模型组在位内膜ER、PRmRNAs的表达与正常对照组比较差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。内异症模型组异位内膜ER/PRmRNA比值大于在位内膜和正常子宫内膜ER/PRmRNA比值 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :内异症大鼠异位内膜ERmRNA表达的相对增高在内异症的发生与发展中起着一定的作用。     

子宫内膜异位症患者细胞因子的表达与抗体反应

目的:探究细胞因子的表达与抗体反应在子宫内膜异位症(EMS)发生中的作用及其作为诊断指标的可能性。方法:选取子宫内膜异位症患者70例与对照组50例,检测并比较两组患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL-6)、单核细胞趋化因子-1(MCP-1)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达以及抗子宫内膜抗体(EM-Ab)和转铁蛋白抗体(TRF-Ab)的阳性率。分析以上细胞因子及抗体的表达与子宫内膜异位症临床分期的关系。结果:子宫内膜异位症组TNF-α、IL-6、MCP-1与VEGF均显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);子宫内膜异位症组抗子宫内膜抗体阳性率、转铁蛋白抗体阳性率以及两种抗体均为阳性的比例均显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);TNF-α、IL-6、MCP-1与VEGF细胞因子与子宫内膜异位症分期呈正相关,分期越高、EMS病情越重则细胞因子表达水平越高(P0.05)。结论:细胞因子的表达与相关抗体反应均参与了子宫内膜异位症的发生及发展,通过检测到相关细胞因子水平的升高与自身抗体转阳可以筛选与诊断子宫内膜异位症,初步判断其临床分期和病情程度。     

宫腔镜切除术联合LNG-IUS治疗子宫内膜息肉的临床作用研究

摘要 目的：探讨宫腔镜息肉切除术联合LNG-IUS治疗EP的临床作用机制。方法：选取我院妇产科在2019年12月至2020年12月收治的60例EP患者作为研究对象,根据手术方式分为对照组与联合组,每组30例。对照组采用宫腔镜下息肉切除术治疗,联合组以对照组为基础,联合LNG-IUS治疗。对比两组患者临床疗效,治疗后子宫内膜厚度、复发率、内分泌激素（ER、PR）以及炎症相关因子（VEGF、TGF-β1、TNF-α、CRP、IL-6）变化情况。结果：术后,联合组总有效率优于对照组（P<0.05）;术前,两组患者子宫内膜厚度对比无差异（P＞0.05）。与术前相比,术后两组患者子宫内膜厚度减小。联合组术后各阶段子宫内膜厚度均较对照组小（P<0.05）;术前,两组患者各项指标水平变化无明显差异（P＞0.05）。术后,联合组VEGF、TGF-β1、TNF-α、CRP、IL-6、ER、PGR水平均优于对照组（P<0.05）;术后12个月内,联合组总复发率为6.66%,对照组总复发率为33.33%,联合组优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：宫腔镜电切术联用LNG-IUS其机制可能与下调ER、PR、VEGF、TGF-β1、TNF-α、CRP、IL-6的表达水平有关,提高子宫内膜息肉治疗效果,降低复发率,为EP的诊疗及相关机制研究提供理论依据。     

左炔诺孕酮对子宫内膜异位症患者血清TNF-α、IL-6、以及VEGF水平的影响

目的:研究左炔诺孕酮治疗子宫内膜异位症患者的临床疗效以及对患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平的影响。方法:研究对象选取我院2016年4月到2017年1月间收治的子宫内膜异位症患者94例,采用随机数字法将其分为对照组和研究组,每组各47例。对照组患者于月经第1 d起口服孕三烯酮胶囊治疗,研究组于月经来潮后4d内置入左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统(LNG-IUS)治疗,所有患者均连续治疗5个月。比较两组患者的临床疗效、不良反应发生情况及治疗前后血清TNF-α、IL-6、以及VEGF水平的变化。结果:研究组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P=0.03);治疗后两组患者血清TNF-α、IL-6、VEGF水平均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且研究组的血清TNF-α、IL-6、VEGF水平均显著低于对照组(P0.05);研究组不良反应发生率低于对照组(P=0.04)。结论:左炔诺孕酮治疗子宫内膜异位症的临床疗效显著,治疗安全性较高,可能与有效降低患者血清TNF-α、IL-6及VEGF水平有关。     

醋酸戈舍瑞林缓释植入剂联合地屈孕酮对子宫内膜异位症患者血清VEGF、E2、CA125水平的影响

目的:研究醋酸戈舍瑞林缓释植入剂联合地屈孕酮对子宫内膜异位症患者血清血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、雌二醇(Estradiol,E2)和肿瘤标志物糖类抗原125 (Carbohydrate antigen 125,CA125)水平的影响。方法:选择我院2013年1月～2017年12月收治的71例子宫内膜异位症患者,将其随机分为两组。对照组每次月经后第2 d服用地屈孕酮,每次1片,每天两次;观察组联合皮下注射醋酸戈舍瑞林缓释植入剂,每次3.6 mg,每月给药1次,共给药4次。比较两组治疗前后的血清VEGF、E2、CA125水平和子宫内膜厚度的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组的有效率为94.59%,明显高于对照组(71.43%,P0.05)。两组治疗后的血清VEGF、E2和CA125水平均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且观察组的血清VEGF、E2和CA125水平明显低于对照组(P0.05);两组治疗后的血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(Matrix metalloproteinases-9,MMP-9)和肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor necrosis factor,TNF-α)水平均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且观察组的血清MMP-9和TNF-α水平明显低于对照组(P0.05);两组治疗后的子宫内膜厚度均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),且观察组的子宫内膜厚度明显低于对照组(P0.05)。两组子宫内膜异位症患者于治疗的过程中均未出现任何与药物相关的不良反应。结论:醋酸戈舍瑞林缓释植入剂联合地屈孕酮可以有效缓解子宫内膜异位症患者的病情,可能与其改善血清VEGF、E2、CA125、MMP-9和TNF-α水平有关。     

Viability of sporulated oocysts of Neospora caninum after exposure to different physical and chemical treatments

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the viability of Neospora caninum sporulated oocysts after various chemical and physical treatments. Bioassays in gerbils and molecular techniques (PCR-RFLP) were used for identification of the oocysts shed by experimentally infected dogs. Sporulated oocysts were purified and divided into 11 treatment groups as follows: absolute ethanol for 1 hr; 20 C for 6 hr; 4 C for 6 hr; 60 C for 1 min; 100 C for 1 min; 10% formaldehyde for 1 hr; 10% ammonia for 1 hr; 2% iodine for 1 hr; 10% sodium hypochlorite for 1 hr; 70% ethanol for 1 hr; and one group was left untreated and kept as a positive control. All chemical treatments were performed at room temperature (37 C). A total of 33 gerbils, or 3 gerbils per treatment, were used for bioassays. After treatment, the oocysts were divided into aliquots of 1,000 oocysts and orally administered to gerbils. After 63 days, the gerbils were anesthetized and killed with 0.2 ml of T61; blood and tissue samples were collected for serological (IFAT and western blotting), molecular (real-time PCR), histopathology, and immunohistochemical tests. Treatments were considered effective only if all 5 detection techniques tested negative. High temperatures at 100 C for 1 min and 10% sodium hypochlorite for 1 hr were the only treatments that met this condition, effectively inactivating all oocysts.     

An Arginine Histochemical Method Using Sakaguchi's New Reagent

A mounted paraffin section of material fixed in Bouin's, Carnoy's or 10% formalin is allowed to stand 15 minutes at room temperature in a 0.3% solution of 8-hydroxyquinoline in 30% ethanol. The slide, with adhering solution, is placed in 0.15 N hypochlorite (with enough KOH added to make the solution 0.015 N KOH) for 60 seconds, then (without draining) into a solution containing: 10 ml. of 0.15 N KOH; 15 g. of urea; 70 ml. of tertiary butyl alcohol, and water to make 100 ml. Here it is gently agitated for 10 sec. and then kept in a second change of the same solution for 2 min. Two changes of pure tertiary butyl alcohol, 10 sec. and 4 min.; one in aniline, 3 min.; and one of 10 sec. in xylene, complete the procedure. Permount containing 0.02% aniline is used as a mounting medium.     

Effects of ethanol on deep pain evoked by formalin injected in TMJ of rat

It has been reported that ethanol can alter nociceptive sensitivity from superficial tissues, such as skin and subcutaneous region. However, the influence of ethanol on deep pain conditions is not understood. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the acute, chronic and ethanol withdrawal effects on nociceptive behavioral responses induced by the injection of formalin into the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) region of rats. In experiment 1, rats were injected with ethanol (2,5 g/Kg, i.p.) or an equal volume of saline 15 min before the administration of formalin (1.5%) into the TMJ. Rats pretreated with ethanol showed a decrease in nociceptive behavioral responses. In experiment 2, rats were given an ethanol solution (6.5%) or tap water to drink for 4 and 10 days. On day 4, the animals (ethanol group) showed amounts of analgesia when submitted to the TMJ formalin test. Tolerance to the antinociceptive effects was observed on day 10. Behavioral hyperalgesia was verified 12 hr after withdrawal in another group that drank ethanol for 10 days. These results show that ethanol can affect the nociceptive responses related to deep pain evoked by the TMJ formalin test.     

酒石酸布托啡诺对全麻诱导期枸橼酸芬太尼诱发呛咳的影响

目的：探讨布托啡诺对全麻诱导期芬太尼诱发呛咳的影响。方法：将80例ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级患者随机分成两组,布托啡诺组和对照组（每组40例）。麻醉诱导前预注布托啡诺（布托啡诺组）或等量生理盐水（对照组）,5 min后由外周静脉快速注射芬太尼3μg/kg（2 s内）,观察2 min内呛咳反应的发生率,随后给予依托咪酯0.3 mg/kg,顺式阿曲库铵0.15 mg/kg进行气管插管,行机械通气并观测血流动力学变化。结果：布托啡诺组仅有2例患者出现轻中度呛咳（5%）,而对照组有27例（67.5%）出现不同程度的呛咳,其中轻度8例（20.0%）,中度15例（37.5%）,重度为4例（10.0%）。与对照组相比,布托啡诺组血流动力学更为平稳。结论：全麻诱导前5 min预注射布托啡诺可显著抑制芬太尼诱发的呛咳反应,且可减轻插管反应。     

A Differential Stain for Rubber in Guayule

The following schedule, which combines an intense blue stain for rubber with sharply contrasting red counterstains, has been found satisfactory for use in an anatomical study of rubber deposition in guayule: Cut fresh or fixed sections about 50 to 100 % thick, transfer to 50% ethanol. Extract with acetone 5 minutes, treat with 1% NaOCl 5 minutes, saponify with 10% KOH in 95% ethanol 15 minutes, rinse 3 times with 50% ethanol, stain in oil blue NA (Calco) with safranin and Congo red 30 minutes at 55° C. Rinse in 50% ethanol 2 (or more) times to remove excess stain and mount in Karo syrup.     

High-performance liquid chromatographic assay of a new HIV-1 protease inhibitor, LB71350, in the plasma of dogs

A reliable reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of LB71350 in the plasma of dogs. The analyte was deproteinized with 1.5 volumes of methanol and 0.5 volumes of 10% zinc sulfate, and the supernatant was injected into a 5-μm Capcell Pak C₁₈ column (150×4.6 mm I.D.). The mobile phase was a stepwise gradient mixture of acetonitrile and 0.2% triethylamine–HCl with a flow-rate of 1 ml/min and detection at UV 245 nm. The proportion of acetonitrile was kept at 52% for the first 6 min, increased to 100% for the next 0.5 min, kept at 100% for the next 2 min, decreased to 52% for the next 0.5 min, and finally kept at 52% for the next 7 min. The retention time of LB71350 was 6.9 min. The calibration was linear over the concentration range of 0.1–100 mg/l for dog plasma (r>0.997) and the limit of quantitation was 0.1 mg/l using 0.1 ml plasma. The quality control samples were reproducible with acceptable accuracy and precision at 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/l concentrations. The within-day recovery (n=5) was 90.2–93.9%, the between-day recovery (n=5) was 89.5–93.5%, and the absolute between-day recovery (n=5) was 77–81%. The within-day precision (n=5) and between-day precision (n=5) were 2.59–5.82% and 3.17–4.55%, respectively. No interferences from endogenous substances were observed. Taken together, the above HPLC assay method by deproteinization and UV detection was suitable for the determination of LB71350 in the preclinical pharmacokinetics.     

乙醇及6-DMAP对小鼠卵母细胞孤雌激活的研究

实验研究了乙醇、6-DMAP以及二者联合使用时对注射hCG后18小时采集的小鼠卵母细胞孤雌激活的效果。结果证明:(1)用5％的乙醇分别作用5和10分钟及10％的乙醇分别作用5和10分钟,小鼠卵母细胞的孤雌激活率分别为41.3％、63.7％、57.9％和85.6％。说明在一定范围内,随着乙醇浓度和作用时间的增加,小鼠卵母细胞孤雌激活率有上升的趋势。(2)用2mM 6-DMAP作用2、4和6小时,小鼠卵母细胞的孤雌激活率分别为 12.0％、25.0％和40.0％。说明随着6-DMAP作用时间的增加,小鼠卵母细胞的孤雌激活率有所升高。(3)用5％乙醇作用5分钟,再用含有2mmol/L 6-DMAP的培养液培养6小时,小鼠卵母细胞的孤雌激活率可达65.5％,明显高于单独使用5％乙醇作用5分钟或单独使用2mmol/L 6-DMAP作用6小时卵母细胞的孤雌激活率。(4)用10％的乙醇作用5分钟,再用含有2mmol/L 6-DMAP的培养液培养6小时,小鼠卵母细胞的孤雌激活率达到100％,远远高于单独使用10％乙醇作用5分钟或单独使用2mmol/L 6-DMAP作用6小时卵母细胞的孤雌激活率。(5)在单独使用乙醇刺激时,激活卵母细胞中直接卵裂(2-细胞)的比率随乙醇作用强度的增加而增加,最高达62.5％;但6-DMAP则抑制激活卵母细胞的直接卵裂,增加二原核卵的比例。     

Interaction of ethanol and microwaves on the blood-brain barrier of rats

The combined effects of ethanol and microwaves on the permeation of Evans blue dye through the mammalian blood-brain barrier was studied in male Wistar rats. Anesthetized rats were infused through a cannula in the left femoral vein with 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 or 0.7 grams of absolute ethanol per kilogram of body mass. A control group was given 0.7 g/kg of isotonic saline. The left hemisphere of the brain was irradiated by 3.15-GHz microwave energy at 3.0 W/cm2 rms for 15 min. The rat's rectal temperature was maintained at 37.0 degrees C. Immediately after irradiation, 2% Evans blue dye in saline (2.0 ml/kg body mass) was injected through the cannula. The results show that as the quantity of alcohol was increased, the degree of staining was decreased or eliminated. The temperature of the irradiated area of the brain increased for the first 4 to 5 minutes of irradiation and then stabilized for the remainder of the irradiation period. The steady-state temperature was highest in animals receiving saline or the smallest dose of alcohol. As the quantity of alcohol was increased, the steady-state temperature was reduced. These results indicate that ethanol inhibits microwave-induced permeation of the blood-brain barrier through reduced heating of the brain.     

Evidence for opiate receptor binding in rat small intestine

The influence of ethanol consumption during pregnancy on maternal-fetal transfer of amino acid was studied. Pregnant rats were fed a liquid diet containing 30% ethanol-derived calories from gestation-day 6 to 21; control rats were pair-fed identical diets, except that sucrose substituted isocalorically for ethanol. On gestation-day 21, 2 uCi/100 g body weight of ¹⁴C-alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (¹⁴C-AIB) was injected into the maternal circulation, and 90 minutes later maternal blood and liver, placentas and fetuses were removed for radioactivity measurement. No differences between ethanol-fed and control rats in the distribution of ¹⁴C-AIB in maternal plasma or the uptake of ¹⁴C-AIB by the maternal liver were observed. However, the radioactivities in placenta and fetal tissues suffered a significant 20 to 40% reduction in the ethanol-fed group, suggesting that ethanol feeding during pregnancy impairs placental function.     

Effect of inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis on edema formation and albumin leakage during thermal trauma in the rat

Prostaglandins (PGs) participate in the inflammatory response, but the contribution of endogenously synthesized PGs to edema formation and increased vascular permeability is not known. Using a 10% scald burn in the rat, we measured water content (as percent, wet minus dry/wet weight) and 131I-RISA leakage (counts/g dry tissue) in scalded and normal skin at 30 minutes and 3 hr post injury. Four groups (10 rats/group) in each time period studied: control; scald; scald, 5 mg/kg indomethacin; scald, 10 mg/kg indomethacin. Indomethacin was administered intravenously 30 minutes before the scald; RISA was injected intravenously 30 min before termination of the study. In all indomethacin-treated groups immunoreactive plasma PGA was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than in scalded, untreated groups. All scalded groups showed significantly higher RISA counts and water content than did the control group (p less than 0.01). At 30 min post-injury the indomethacin -treated groups did not differ from the untreated scald group (p greater than 0.20). In the 3 hour study all scalded groups had significantly higher content and RISA counts than control (p less than 0.01). Thus PGs produced during thermal trauma do not greatly contribute to the edema formation and increase in vascular permeability.