杜仲叶绿原酸的提取分离

比较了17种大孔吸附树脂对杜仲叶绿原酸的吸附、洗脱性能和吸附动力学特性;筛选试验表明NKA－9是一种性能优良的吸附剂。     

高效率高纯度绿原酸制备工艺研究

建立从山银花中制备绿原酸标准品的方法,并提高绿原酸产率。通过正交试验优化传统水提法和碱水冷提法工艺,并对D101大孔树脂纯化条件、乙酸乙酯萃取次数、结晶溶剂进行优化。通过研究,最佳提取条件为:提取溶剂pH=10的碱水,提取时间1 h,料液比1∶30,提取率为7.2%;D101大孔树脂洗脱溶剂:10%乙醇洗脱液纯度最高,30%乙醇洗脱液得率最高;最佳萃取次数5次;最佳结晶溶剂:水饱和乙酸乙酯。本研究通过创新的提取和纯化条件,得到纯度98.7%的绿原酸,得率18.4 mg/g,纯度和得率都高于现有文献记载,且常温快速提取,能耗明显下降,适用于工业规模高纯度绿原酸生产。     

两株芽胞菌对烟草废料烟碱与绿原酸降解的研究

为综合利用烟草废料,筛选得到能有效降解烟碱与绿原酸的两株芽胞菌,考察了所选菌株对烟碱与绿原酸的降解特性。实验结果表明,菌株Bacillus sp．X6表现出较高降解烟碱能力,培养36h可将含烟碱6．04mg／g烟草物料中的烟碱降解60．3％,72h降解率可达87．6％;对绿原酸降解效果最好的是菌株Bacillus sp．Xy,培养48h将含绿原酸10．57mg／g烟草物料中的绿原酸降解了50．5％,72h可将绿原酸降解62．2％,     

大孔树脂吸附分离烟草绿原酸的研究

通过比较8种大孔吸附树脂对烟草绿原酸的吸附分离性能,筛选出适合分离烟草绿原酸的树脂,并对其动态吸附特性进行研究.结果表明,XDA-1树脂对烟草绿原酸不仅吸附量大,而且解吸率高,适合烟草绿原酸的分离富集.该树脂吸附分离烟草绿原酸的工艺参数为:上柱液浓度3.5 mg/mL,pH 3.0,流速3倍柱床体积/h;以6倍柱床体积的40%乙醇进行洗脱,解吸附效果最佳,绿原酸总回收率为80.06%,初步吸附分离得到的产品中绿原酸含量为39.20 g/100 g.     

酶法提取杜仲叶中绿原酸工艺研究

采用纤维素酶法提取杜仲叶中的主要药效成分———苯丙素类的绿原酸(CHA),通过单因素试验、正交试验和方差分析确定了纤维素酶法提取杜仲叶中绿原酸的最佳操作条件。结果表明,加入550 U/g纤维素酶0.50%,pH 4.5,温度40℃,提取率最高可达到51.84 mg/g。     

杜仲叶中绿原酸醇提法的工艺研究

杜仲,又名胶木,为杜仲科植物,自身含有丰富的绿原酸。绿原酸,又称咖啡鞣酸,是一种提取于植物的化学物质,绿原酸是一种重要的生物活性物质,能够抑制细菌、病毒,增高白血球,保护肝胆,预防肿瘤,降低血压、血脂、清除自由基和兴奋中枢神经系统等作用。主要应用于防治癌症方面,不过现代研究也使绿原酸应用的更为广泛。     

蛹虫草中虫草素的提取及纯化工艺研究

目的:优化从蛹虫草中提取、纯化虫草素的方法并鉴定其纯度.方法和结果:通过3种提取方法的比较,确定了以恒温水浴法作为虫草素规模化提取方法,最佳提取条件为45℃、80％乙醇;同时,确定了ML-7大孔树脂纯化虫草素的工艺,采用该工艺虫草素纯度可达到92％以上,并对纯化虫草素和标准品进行了比较鉴定.结论:该方法提取、纯化的虫草素纯度高,适于虫草素的规模化生产.     

超声辅助索氏提取忍冬果实中绿原酸的工艺优化

利用超声辅助索氏提取的方法从忍冬果实中提取绿原酸。单因素和正交试验表明,影响绿原酸提取率的主次顺序为:超声温度>乙醇浓度>超声时间>索氏提取时间>液料比;提取的最佳条件为:超声温度60℃,超声时间40min,乙醇浓度70%,液料比(mL∶g)30∶1,索氏提取时间2.5h。忍冬果实中绿原酸的提取率为2.95%;柱色谱分离纯化后的绿原酸红外谱图和标准品的红外谱图基本一致。本研究表明,超声辅助索氏提取忍冬果实中绿原酸的方法,缩短了提取时间,绿原酸提取率高。对忍冬果实的开发利用具有重要的指导意义。     

超声波法提取胎菊中绿原酸的研究

建立了胎菊中绿原酸的提取方法及检测方法.采用超声波法对胎菊中的绿原酸进行提取,考查了提取溶剂、提取时间、提取料液比对提取量的影响,HPLC测定提取液中绿原酸的含量,确定最佳提取工艺.结果表明,以甲醇为溶剂、提取时间为80 min、提取料液比为1:20时,胎菊中绿原酸的提取量最高.该方法简单、快速、准确,可用于胎菊中绿原酸的含量检测.     

链霉菌对烟草中烟碱与绿原酸的降解作用研究

为了研究对烟草中烟碱与绿原酸的快速生物降解,筛选了能有效降解烟草中烟碱与绿原酸的链霉菌Z6菌株与Z8菌株,考察了Z6和Z8菌株在不同培养基上的培养特征,探讨了所选菌株对烟碱与绿原酸的降解特性。实验结果表明,Z8链霉菌在烟草固体培养基中培养48h后,对培养基中烟碱的降解率达到83.9%;培养72h后,对烟碱的降解率可达到93.7%,此时烟草中的烟碱含量降低到0.38mg/g,达到了欧盟条例的无害化标准。Z6菌对绿原酸的降解程度较高,培养48h后,对绿原酸的降解率为57.1%;培养72h后,降解率可达到67.5%.     

金银花不同提取方法的绿原酸比较研究

本文采用了水提法、水提醇沉法、酶解法、醇提法对金银花进行提取,并用紫外分光光度法来测定提取物中绿原酸的含量,依此来比较各种方法的优劣。由实验结果可得：以绿原酸作为指标来考察各种方法的优劣,尤以醇提法较好,绿原酸的含量可达到15.28%;以提取物的得率为指标来考察,以酶解法为最好,提取物的得率可达到37.91%。     

Changes in the amounts of chlorogenic and caffeic acids during tobacco seed maturation

During maturation of tobacco seed, the amount of chlorogenic acid rapidly increased between days 7 and 11 after anthesis and then decreased until day 15. Chlorogenic acid was not detected in fully mature seed. On the other hand, caffeic acid appeared from day 15, reached a maximum at day 21, and rapidly disappeared by day 25 although the amount was always low in comparison with that of chlorogenic acid. Changes in dry wt, water content, testa color and germination of tobacco seeds during maturation were also investigated. The results suggested that there were rapid biochemical changes in seed between days 11 and 15 after anthesis.     

Biotransformation and improved enzymatic extraction of chlorogenic acid from coffee pulp by filamentous fungi

The highest enzymatic extraction of covalent linked chlorogenic (36.1%) and caffeic (CA) (33%) acids from coffee pulp (CP) was achieved by solid‐state fermentation with a mixture of three enzymatic extracts produced by Aspergillus tamarii, Rhizomucor pusillus, and Trametes sp. Enzyme extracts were produced in a practical inexpensive way. Synergistic effects on the extraction yield were observed when more than one enzyme extract was used. In addition, biotransformation of chlorogenic acid (ChA) by Aspergillus niger C23308 was studied. Equimolar transformation of ChA into CA and quinic acids (QA) was observed during the first 36 h in submerged culture. Subsequently, after 36 h, equimolar transformation of CA into protocatechuic acid was observed; this pathway is being reported for the first time for A. niger. QA was used as a carbon source by A. niger C23308. This study presents the potential of using CP to produce enzymes and compounds such as ChA with biological activities. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 29: 337–345, 2013     

杜仲叶绿原酸的提取，分离和鉴定

杜仲叶绿原酸的提取、分离和鉴定＠戚向阳＠张声华￥华中农业大学食品科学系杜仲叶;绿原酸;提取;鉴定杜仲叶绿原酸的提取、分离和鉴定戚向阳张声华（华中农业大学食品科学系,武汉４３００７０）Ｔｈｅｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ,ｉｓｏｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔ...     

Preparative separation of chlorogenic acid by centrifugal partition chromatography from highbush blueberry leaves (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

Introduction – Blueberries (genus Vaccinium) have gained worldwide focus because of the high anthocyanin content of their fruits. In contrast, the leaves of blueberry have not attracted any attention, even though they contain large quantities of chlorogenic acid, a strong antioxidant compound. Objective – The aim of this investigation was the quantification and preparative isolation of chlorogenic acid (5‐caffeoylquinic acid, 5‐CQA) from blueberry leaves using a new separation scheme, centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC). Methodology – A water fraction containing a high concentration of 5‐CQA (14.5% of dry weight extract) was obtained by defatting a crude methanol extract from blueberry leaves. CPC was applied to isolate 5‐CQA from this water fraction using a two‐phase solvent system of ethyl acetate–ethanol–water at a volume ratio 4:1:5 (v/v/v). The flow‐rate of mobile phase was 2 mL/min with the ascending mode while rotating at 1200 rpm. The eluate was monitored at 330 nm. The structure of chlorogenic acid in the CPC fraction was confirmed with HPLC, UV, ESI/MS and NMR spectra. Results – The HPLC chromatogram showed that the fractions collected by CPC contained chlorogenic acid with 96% purity based on peak area percentage. The total amount of chlorogenic acid isolated from 0.5 g of a water fraction was 52.9 mg, corresponding to 10.6% of the water fraction. The isolated compound was identified successively as 5‐CQA with MS (parent ion at m/z 355.1 [M + H]⁺) and ¹H NMR spectra [caffeoyl moiety in the down field (δ 6.0–8.0 ppm) and quinic acid moiety in the up field (δ 2.0–5.5 ppm)]. Conclusion – 5‐CQA was successfully isolated from blueberry leaves by the CPC method in a one‐step procedure, indicating a further potential use for blueberry leaves. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effect of chlorogenic acid on hydroxyl radical

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is considered to act as an antioxidant. However, the inhibitory effects of CGA on specific radical species are not well understood. Electron spin resonance (ESR) in combination with spin trapping techniques was utilized to detect free radicals. 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) was used as a spin trapping reagent while the Fenton reaction was used as a source of hydroxyl radical (·OH). We found that CGA scavenges ·OH in a dose-dependent manner. The kinetic parameters, IC₅₀ and V_max, for CGA scavenging of ·OH were 110 and 1.27 M/sec, respectively. The rate constant for the scavenging of ·OH by CGA was 7.73 × 10⁹ M^–1 sec^–1. Our studies suggest that the antioxidant properties of CGA may involve a direct scavenging effect of CGA on ·OH.     

Integrated separation process for isolation and purification of biosuccinic acid

Biotechnologically produced succinic acid has the potential to displace maleic acid and its uses. Therefore, it is of high interest for the chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industry.In addition to optimized production strains and fermentation processes, an efficient separation of succinic acid from the aqueous fermentation broth is indispensable to compete with the current petrochemical production of succinic acid. Isolation and purification of succinic acid from an Escherichia coli fermentation broth were studied with two amine-based reactive extraction systems: (i) trihexylamine in 1-octanol and (ii) diisooctylamine and dihexylamine in a mixture of 1-octanol and 1-hexanol. Back extraction of succinic acid from the organic phase was carried out using an aqueous trimethylamine solution. The trimethylammonium succinate generated after back extraction was split with an evaporation-based crystallization.The focus was on process integration, for example, reuse of the applied amines for extraction and back extraction. It was shown that the maximum trimethylamine concentration for back extraction should not exceed the stoichiometric amount (2 mol trimethylamine/mol the succinic acid in the organic phase) to ensure maximal extraction yields with the reused organic phase in subsequent extractions. Moreover, mixer-settler extraction and back extraction of succinic acid were scaled up from the milliliter- to the liter-scale making use of liquid–liquid centrifuges. The overall yield was 83.5% of the succinic acid from thefermentation supernatant. The final purity of the succinic acid crystals was 99.5%. Organic phase and amines can easily be recycled and reused.