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核酸是由多个核苷酸构成的生物大分子,是遗传的物质基础,在生命活动中起着不可替代的作用。那么核酸是否需要外源性补充?核酸营养品有没有作用?从核酸消化、核苷酸代谢角度就这些问题进行探讨。 相似文献
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锁核酸研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
锁核酸(locked nucleic acid,LNA)是一种新型的寡核酸衍生物,结构中β-D-呋喃核糖的2’-O,4’-C位通过缩水作用形成环形的氧亚甲基桥、硫亚甲基桥或胺亚甲基桥,呋喃糖的结构锁定在C3’内型的N构型,形成了刚性的缩合结构。LNA作为一种新的反义核酸,具有与DNA/RNA强大的杂交亲和力、反义活性、抗核酸酶能力、水溶性好及体内无毒性等优点。LNA在基因诊断和基因治疗上有很多优势,如:单链核酸的多态性基因分型、LNA寡聚体具有高效抑制端粒酶活性及LNA修饰的DNA核酶(LNAzymes)高效清除高级结构的RNA等,有良好的应用研究前景。 相似文献
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当今,许多种病毒性疾病如乙肝、丙肝及肿瘤等严重威胁着人们的健康,然而对这些疾病还缺乏有效而可靠的治疗药物和防治方法。近年来为寻找选择性抑制病毒的药物,对病毒的复制规律及其宿主核酸代谢的差异发现,某些核酸代谢的桔抗物的抗菌素能与核酸或核酸合成有关的酶结合,从而抑制核酸的合成。其中有些可作为抗病毒和抗肿瘤药物,而在临床上得到广泛应用,对病毒和癌细胞化疗的研究有着重要的启示,也给患者带来了极大的希望。根据核酸合成的抑制物的结构和作用不同,可分为以下几类:(1)碱基类似物碱基类似物在体内作用主要有两方面… 相似文献
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核酸疫苗是指被用作疫苗的带有编码外源蛋白抗原基因的真核表达质粒,它能较安全地表达目的蛋白,是具有较大发展潜力的一类生物制品。研究核酸疫苗的制备工艺,对于规模化生产成本低、免疫效果好的疫苗具有重要的现实意义。核酸疫苗规模化生产工艺的流程主要包括核酸疫苗的构建、工程菌的发酵、菌体裂解、分离纯化及产品检验等关键环节,而每个环节对核酸疫苗的质量都有较大的影响。 相似文献
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核酸药物是具有特定碱基序列的药物,包括寡聚核苷酸药物、核酸适配体药物和核酸疫苗。目前核酸药物已被广泛用于基础研究,疾病的临床诊断和治疗,如肿瘤、感染性疾病、血液病及神经退行性疾病等。主要介绍核酸药物在疾病诊断和治疗中的研究进展。 相似文献
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对功能核酸概念的分析需要建立在对功能核酸研究的基础上,从内涵和外延两个方面来进行探析。从内涵来看,它是对具有特殊结构、执行特定生物功能的核酸分子的统称;从外延来看,它包括适体、核酸核酶、核糖开关、发光核酸、修饰核酸、功能核酸裁剪、核酸自组装、功能核酸纳米材料、核酸纳米酶、核酸药物、核酸补充剂以及DNA存储技术等。目前功能核酸已成功地应用于生物传感、生物成像、生物医学等诸多领域。对功能核酸这一概念进行了探讨,并尝试对其范畴、特点进行归纳总结,以期梳理和完善功能核酸的基本概念,促进该领域的进一步发展。 相似文献
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目的:通过体内外实验验证靶向c-Raf-1基因的反义核酸是否具有抑制乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的活性。方法:设计靶向c-Raf-1基因的反义核酸,并在细胞水平进行体外抗HBV活性筛选,通过RT-PCR检测c-Raf-1基因mRNA水平的变化,通过体内药效学实验进一步验证反义核酸的抗HBV效果。结果:经体外筛选,靶向c-Raf-1基因的反义核酸Raf-3145具有相对明显的抑制HBV表面抗原(HBsAg)的作用,并可剂量依赖性地抑制c-Raf-1基因的表达;体内药效学结果显示,反义核酸Raf-3145在30 mg/kg剂量下对HBsAg的表达具有一定的抑制作用。结论:经体内外活性评价,初步确定了靶向宿主基因c-Raf-1的反义核酸具有一定的抑制HBsAg表达的活性,也进一步验证了c-Raf-1基因可以作为抗HBV药物设计的候选靶点。 相似文献
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核酸饮食疗法——医疗保健的新途径 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文简明扼要叙述了核酸的生理功能,澄清了由于体内核酸的缺乏和不足将导致人体的衰老、病变或死亡的原因。进一步阐明了核酸饮食疗法对延缓衰老、维持健康、治疗疾病的重要作用。本文还介绍了北京南方生物资源研究所研制开发的来福(LIFE)系列核酸调料及食品添加剂:美味增强剂,美味素,超级调料及生命素,以及这些产品的开发对我国营养保健事业的发展所起的作用。并介绍了核酸饮食疗法-食谱及执行此疗法的三原则。 相似文献
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Although the importance of the endosperm as a food store inmany angiosperm seeds is well known, its significance duringearly embryogenesis has been neglected. In many interspecifichybrids, and in some other situations, embryos do not developfully and abort. It has often been stated that this is causedby the endosperm failing to conduct sufficient nutrients tothe embryo, but seldom has it been suggested that the endospermactively controls most of the early stages of morphogenesisof the embryo. Information gleaned from a broad survey of theliterature, combined with additional evidence presented here,obtained fromSolanum incanumand interspecific hybrids, indicatethat the endosperm is dynamic and very active in regulatingearly embryo development. This requires highly integrated geneticcontrol of rapidly changing metabolism in the endosperm. Ininterspecific hybrids, lack of coordination may cause unbalancedproduction of growth regulating substances by the endospermand hence abortion of the embryo, or even unregulated productionof nucleases and proteases resulting firstly in autolysis ofthe endosperm and then digestion of the embryo. The endospermmay thus serve to detect inappropriate hybridization of speciesor ploidy levels and so prevent waste of resources by producingseeds that would result in sterile hybrids or unthrifty subsequentgenerations. This discriminatory function of the endosperm hasdiminished during evolution and domestication of the crop plantSolanummelongenaL.Copyright 1998 Annals of Botany Company Solanum, embryo morphogenesis, endosperm, hybrid, seed development. 相似文献
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Höpfl G Ogunshola O Gassmann M 《American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology》2004,286(4):R608-R623
For most organisms oxygen is essential fo life. When oxygen levels drop below those required to maintain the minimum physiological oxygen requirement of an organism or tissue it is termed hypoxia. To counter act possible deleterious effects of such a state, an immediate molecular response is initiated causing adaptation responses aimed at cell survival. This response is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha- and a beta-subunit. HIF-1 alpha protein is stabilized under hypoxic conditions and therefore confers selectivity to this response. Hypoxia is characteristic of tumors, mainly because of impaired blood supply resulting from abnormal growth. Over the past few years enormous progress has been made in the attempt to understand how the activation of the physiological response to hypoxia influences neoplastic growth. In this review some aspects of HIF-1 pathway activation in tumors and the consequences for pathophysiology and treatment of neoplasia are discussed. 相似文献
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Michele Rivkin-Flsh 《Medical anthropology quarterly》2000,14(1):119-120
Pragmatic Women and Body Politics. Margaret Lock and Patricia A. Kaufert. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xii +364 pp.
Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Kalpana Ram and Margaret Jolly. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xiv. 305 pp. 相似文献
Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Kalpana Ram and Margaret Jolly. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xiv. 305 pp. 相似文献
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环腺苷酸应答元件结合蛋白与学习记忆 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
环腺苷酸(cAMP)应答元件结合蛋白(cAMP response element binding protein,CREB)是一种核转录因子,可与cAMP反应元件结合,调节基因转录,具有调节精子生成,昼夜节律,学习记忆等功能.近年来关于其在学习记忆中的作用成为医学研究热点.CREB是神经元内多条信息传递途径的汇聚点,参与长时记忆形成和突触可塑性.长时记忆(long-term memory)形成需依赖CREB介导的基因转录,干扰或抑制CREB活性可破坏长时记忆.长时程增强(long-term potentiation,LTP)是研究学习记忆的理想模型,在LTP诱导和维持过程中均可观察到CREB活性持续升高.但增龄过程中,海马CREB活性下降,影响学习记忆功能,与许多神经退行性疾病发生有关. 相似文献
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Studies of human constitution and mental features are traditionally among the main concepts of anthropological research. In
this research, we attempted to discover connections between morphological and constitutional features and self-esteem in children
and adolescents. Such a connection was discovered in some studied age groups. The obtained results could serve as a basis
for further studies in this field. 相似文献