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细胞骨架是真核细胞的重要组成成分,广泛参与了包括细胞形态建成、细胞器运动、胞内物质运输和信息传递等在内的许多细胞生理活动.已有研究表明,细胞骨架系统在开花植物有性生殖的重要环节——花粉萌发及花粉管生长过程中发挥重要作用.本文针对该过程中细胞骨架系统的组织结构、动态变化及功能调控等进行系统综述,以期使读者深入理解细胞骨架系统在花粉极性建立和维持过程中的重要作用. 相似文献
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Vinculin是一种细胞骨架蛋白兼粘着斑组成蛋白,主要分布于细胞 细胞连接处及细胞 细胞外基质(extracellular matrix, ECM)粘着斑部位.Vinculin通过与多种粘着斑蛋白、细胞骨架蛋白及细胞骨架F-肌动蛋白相结合并相互作用,参与细胞的力 化学信号转导,在细胞粘附、伸展、运动、增殖、存活等过程中起重要作用.本文结合本课题组研究工作,在介绍vinculin分子结构的基础上,对其在细胞力 化学信号转导中的作用做一综述. 相似文献
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机械力普遍存在于活细胞的生命活动中,而细胞内力学活动必须依赖骨架结构传递,这种独特的力学形式被称为细胞结构力学.单位时间内细胞结构力学变化受多因素调控,如外力、渗透压、动力分子、张力敏感性离子通道、胞内力学感受器及骨架组装等,构成了细胞结构动力学研究的重要内容.基于荧光共振能量转移(FRET)原理开发的荧光张力探针能整合到细胞骨架内,将细胞结构力学变化转化为光学信号,可能带来细胞力学研究的革命.随着细胞结构动力学研究内容的不断深入,特别是太空时代细胞力学稳态的打破,细胞结构动力学将在生命及医学研究领域显露出越来越重要的地位. 相似文献
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离子通道是一类对离子具有选择通透性跨膜的生物大分子。一些离子通道在肿瘤细胞中表达异常,并在细胞癌变、侵袭和转移等方面起着重要作用;另外,作用于离子通道的药物被发现可以逆转多药耐药,因而离子通道可作为潜在的抗肿瘤靶点。就离子通道与肿瘤相关性研究予以综述。 相似文献
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MAGUKs蛋白家族成员位于细胞表面,通过其PDZ、SH3、GK结构域调节离子通道受体的聚集,构建细胞骨架,参与信号转导,调控细胞周期进程,并与机体神经发育密切相关. 相似文献
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钟宁 《国外医学:分子生物学分册》1997,19(3):109-112
跨膜信号转导是细胞信息传递的起始环节,受体和离子通道在此环节上起重要作用,受体和通道蛋白易受多种因素的调节。蛋白南磷酸化是受体及离子通道调节的关键步骤,不仅使受体及离子通道的功能发生改变,而且地影响到其在细胞的分布状况。受体 子通道蛋白酸化过程及其调节机制对于分析细胞信号转导的过程及细胞功能有着重要的作用。 相似文献
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In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980. 相似文献
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N. P. Vesselkin Yu. V. Natochin 《Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology》2010,46(6):592-603
Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms.
The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal
mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization
followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The
mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction
of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms
are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning
of physiological systems and organs of the living organism 相似文献
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