真菌对石油污染土壤的降解研究

利用微生物对石油污染土壤进行生物降解，具有操作简单，费用低廉，场地适用性强等特点。挑选了2种菌株，进行了室内油降解实验，在摇床实验油降解率：微生物真菌（Faserium．LK）（土著）和真菌（Phanerochaete．Chrysosprium），在20d分别为41.2％和28．1％，真菌（Fusarium．LK）高于真菌（Phane－rochate．Chrysosprium）的降解率，而在培养箱石油污染土壤中，真菌（Fusarium．LK）（土著）和真菌（Phane－rochaete.Chrysosprium），在50d分别为61.8％和66．1％，（Fusarium.LK）低于（Phanerochaete.Chrysosri-um）。     

云南玉溪烤烟土壤真菌的初步研究

对玉溪烤烟连作田和轮作田土壤中的真菌进行分离 ,其真菌数量为 (1.35～ 4.5 6 )× 10 5/ g干土。分离得到的真菌经分类鉴定到属 ,有 4个目 ,7个科 ,45个属 ,优势属为青霉属 (Penicillium)和盾壳霉属 (Coniothyrium) ,其次为芽枝霉属 (Cladosporium)、头孢霉属 (Cephalosporium)、镰孢霉属 (Fusarium)、轮枝孢属 (Verticillium)、柱孢属 (Cylindrocarpon)。     

THE SUBEPIDERMAL FUNGI OF CEREAL GRAINS

Examination of samples received in 1947 and 1948 showed that a subepidermal mycelium occurred in normal wheat grains from almost all the wheat-growing areas of the world. The amount of mycelium varied widely: there are indications that the degree of infection is dependent on the atmospheric humidity during the ripening of the grain. No subepidermal mycelium was found in wheat grains from some crops grown under irrigation.     

THE CONTROL OF SEX IN FUNGI

Raper , John R. (Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.) The control of sex in fungi . Amer. Jour. Bot. 47(9) : 794–808. 1960.—The control of sexual processes in fungi is imposed at many successive points in the developmental cycle. Two major categories of controlling factors are recognized: (1) a predetermination of future sexual capacity follows from the segregation at meiosis of genetic factors that impose differentiation in respect to sexual sign or incompatibility type; (2) a coordinated progression of interdependent stages, governed by numerous genetic-metabolic factors, leads to plasmogamy, karyogamy, and meiosis. The major features of these 2 types of control—the several patterns of sexuality of the former and sexual hormones and sequential sexual development of the latter—are reviewed, and the possible relationship between the two levels of control is considered in some detail.