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1.
Analysis of Petal Anthocyanins to Investigate Flower Coloration of Zhongyuan (Chinese) and Daikon Island (Japanese) Tree Peony Cultivars 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Liang-Sheng Wang Aya Shiraishi Fumio Hashimoto Noriaki Aoki Keiichi Shimizu Yusuke Sakata 《Journal of plant research》2001,114(1):33-43
Pn, Pg; Pn, Pg > Cy ; Pn, Cy and Pn, Cy > Pg groups. Each group consequently specified significant features among CIELAB color notation and petal pigmentation, being
adequate to characterize tree peony flowers as similar between Zhongyuan and Daikon Island cultivars, thus the cultivars of
the two areas are suggested to be related to one another.
Received 25 April 2000/ Accepted in revised form 21 December 2000 相似文献
2.
Min Wang Jaroslav Zajicek James H. Geiger Mary Prorok Francis J. Castellino 《Journal of structural biology》2010,169(3):349-359
The solution structure of the complex containing the isolated kringle 2 domain of human plasminogen (K2Pg) and VEK-30, a 30-amino acid residue internal peptide from a streptococcal M-like plasminogen (Pg) binding protein (PAM), has been determined by multinuclear high-resolution NMR. Complete backbone and side-chain assignments were obtained from triple-resonance experiments, after which structure calculations were performed and ultimately refined by restrained molecular simulation in water. We find that, in contrast with the dimer of complexes observed in the asymmetric unit of the crystal, global correlation times and buoyant molecular weight determinations of the complex and its individual components showed the monomeric nature of all species in solution. The NMR-derived structure of K2Pg in complex with VEK-30 presents a folding pattern typical of other kringle domains, while bound VEK-30 forms an end-to-end α-helix (residues 6–27) in the complex. Most of the VEK-30/K2Pg interactions in solution occur between a single face of the α-helix of VEK-30 and the lysine binding site (LBS) of K2Pg. The canonical LBS of K2Pg, consisting of Asp54, Asp56, Trp60, Arg69, and Trp70 (kringle numbering), interacts with an internal pseudo-lysine of VEK-30, comprising side-chains of Arg17, His18, and Glu20. Site-specific mutagenesis analysis confirmed that the electrostatic field formed by the N-terminal anionic residues of the VEK-30 α-helix, viz., Asp7, and the non-conserved cationic residues of K2Pg, viz., Lys43 and Arg55, play additional important roles in the docking of VEK-30 to K2Pg. Structural analysis and kringle sequence alignments revealed several important features related to exosite binding that provide a structural rationale for the high specificity and affinity of VEK-30 for K2Pg. 相似文献
3.
UTHAIRAT NA‐NAKORN KEDNAPAT SRIPHAIROJ SRIJANYA SUKMANOMON SUPAWADEE POOMPUANG WONGPATHOM KAMONRAT 《Molecular ecology resources》2006,6(4):1174-1176
The critically endangered Pangasianodon gigas is endemic to the Mekong River. Despite its importance, little is known about its genetic diversity and conservation efforts are hampered. Ten polymorphic dinucleotide microsatellite primer pairs were developed from DNA of P. gigas. The analysis of 20 individuals from hatchery stocks using these primers resulted in two to six alleles/locus; HO = 0.05–0.95; HE = 0.05–0.81. All but one locus (Pg‐3) conformed to Hardy–Weinberg expectation. Eight, six and seven primer pairs were amplified with the DNA from Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, Pangasius larnaudii and Pangasius sanitwongsei, respectively. These markers will be useful for genetic monitoring of wild and hatchery stocks of these pangasiids. 相似文献
4.
Min Wang 《Biophysical journal》2010,99(1):302-312
To gain insights into the mechanisms for the tight and highly specific interaction of the kringle 2 domain of human plasminogen (K2Pg) with a 30-residue internal peptide (VEK-30) from a group A streptococcal M-like protein, the dynamic properties of free and bound K2Pg and VEK-30 were investigated using backbone amide 15N-NMR relaxation measurements. Dynamic parameters, namely the generalized order parameter, S2, the local correlation time, τe, and the conformational exchange contribution, Rex, were obtained for this complex by Lipari-Szabo model-free analysis. The results show that VEK-30 displays distinctly different dynamic behavior as a consequence of binding to K2Pg, manifest by decreased backbone flexibility, particularly at the binding region of the peptide. In contrast, the backbone dynamics parameters of K2Pg displayed similar patterns in the free and bound forms, but, nonetheless, showed interesting differences. Based on our previous structure-function studies of this interaction, we also made comparisons of the VEK-30/K2Pg dynamics results from different kringle modules complexed with small lysine analogs. The differences in dynamics observed for kringles with different ligands provide what we believe to be new insights into the interactions responsible for protein-ligand recognition and a better understanding of the differences in binding affinity and binding specificity of kringle domains with various ligands. 相似文献
5.
We previously demonstrated that streptokinase (SK) can be used to generate active site-labeled fluorescent analogs of plasminogen (Pg) by virtue of its nonproteolytic activation of the zymogen. The method is versatile and allows stoichiometric and active site-specific incorporation of any one of many molecular probes. The limitation of the labeling approach is that it is both time-consuming and low yield. Here we demonstrate an improved method for the preparation of labeled Pg analogs by the use of an engineered SK mutant fusion protein with both COOH- and NH2-terminal His6 tags. The NH2-terminal tag is followed by a tobacco etch virus proteinase cleavage site to ensure that the SK Ile1 residue, essential for conformational activation of Pg, is preserved. The SK COOH-terminal Lys414 residue and residues Arg253–Leu260 in the SK β-domain were deleted to prevent cleavage by plasmin (Pm) and to disable Pg substrate binding to the SK·Pg∗/Pm catalytic complexes, respectively. Near elimination of Pm generation with the SKΔ(R253–L260)ΔK414–His6 mutant increased the yield of labeled Pg 2.6-fold and reduced the time required more than 2-fold. The versatility of the labeling method was extended to the application of Pg labeled with a near-infrared probe to quantitate Pg receptors on immune cells by flow cytometry. 相似文献
6.
Summary The circadian rhythm phenotypes of eight chromosome aberrations with a breakpoint in the region of the per locus (3B1-2) were analyzed. Two duplications and five deficiencies with a 3B1-2 breakpoint produce either a wild-type or an arrhythmic clock phenotype while one translocation with a 3B1-2 breakpoint, T(1;4)JC43, produces locomotor-activity rhythms with either very-long period (31–39 h), rhythms that grade into arrhythmicity, or completely arrhythmic phenotypes. This is a unique phenotype that had not previously been observed for mutants at the per locus. An extensive complementation analysis of 3B1-2 chromosome aberrations and per mutant alleles provided no compelling evidence for genetic complexity at the per locus. This is in contrast to the report of Young and Judd (1978). Analysis of both the locomotor-activity and eclosion phenotypes of 3B1-2 chromosome aberrations did not uncover differences in the genetic control of these two rhythms. The clock phenotypes of 3B1-2 chromosome aberrations, the three per mutant alleles, and per
+ duplications suggest that mutations at the per locus shorten, lengthen, or eliminate periodicity by respectively increasing, decreasing, or eliminating per activity. 相似文献
7.
Irradiation with UVB (290–320 nm) initiates a systemic immunosuppression detectable as suppression of contact hypersensitivity (CHS). We investigated susceptibility to UV suppression in reciprocal F1-hybrid and backcross mice derived from BALB/c (low susceptibility) and C57BL/6 (high susceptibility) inbred strains. CB6F1 male mice exhibited high susceptibility and B6CF1 male mice exhibited low susceptibility, indicating a major X-linked effect in the genetic control of UV immune suppression. Females of either F1 hybrid showed intermediate suppression, consistent with random X-inactivation. A model of monogenic X-linked control was not sufficient, and evidence for the action of two genetically unlinked autosomal genes was found in parental backcross animals. Both sexes of (BALB/c × CB6F1) mice showed a 1 high: 1 low ratio of phenotypes, indicating control by a major autosomal locus, Uvs1, confirmed by propagation of the high phenotype through selective backcrossing for nine generations to BALB/c. Uvs1 was not genetically linked to 12 chromosomal markers including the pigment genes b (brown) and c (albino). Backcross animals (C57BL/6 × CB6F1) showed a significant sex difference, male mice giving a 3 high: 1 low ratio of phenotypes, compatible with the action of a second autosomal locus, Uvs2, in this hybrid. The findings are compatible with a model in which high phenotype (Uvs1
b/Uvs1
b) is dominant when subjected to recessive epistatis by the X-chromosome locus Uvs3, or by the autosomal locus Uvs2. The finding of genetic control by interacting autosomal and X-linked genes is unique. Genetically determined high susceptibility to UV immunosuppression may be an important risk factor for UV-related human diseases. 相似文献
8.
A genetic investigation of electrophoretic hemoglobin variants of the deermouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, shows three alleles, HbI
f, HbIr, and HbI
o, at a duplicated site controlling the six adult phenotypes. The HbI
fallele has not been described previously. The hemoglobin locus is not closely linked to the albino locus. Fetal hemoglobin is distinct from any of the adult components and has a slower electrophoretic mobility. The fetal phenotype changes to the adult type between the days 15 and 18 of prenatal life. 相似文献
9.
Summary We describe a genetic polymorphism of a human cellular polypeptide with mol. wt. 100,000, detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes by high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis. Three different electrophoretic types (1-1, 2-1, and 2-2) of the polypeptide have been identified. Family and population studies indicate that the three phenotypes of the polypeptide are determined by two common alleles at a single autosomal locus. The polypeptide occurs in the cytosol and is one of the abundant polypeptides of B-lymphoblastoid cells, T-lymphoblastoid cells, fibroblasts, and HeLa cells. The data indicate that the cytosol polypeptide with mol.wt. 100,000 shows a genetic polymorphism determined by aew autosomal locus. It is proposed that the polypeptide and its locus be temporarily designated cytosol 100k polypeptide (C100k polypeptide) and C100P, respectively. In a Japanese population, the gene frequencies of C100P
1 and C100P
2 were 0.907 and 0.093, respectively. 相似文献
10.
Elena Samilchuk 《Primates; journal of primatology》1996,37(1):57-63
Twenty six phenotypes of alpha-1-antitrypsin (al-AT) controlled by 12 codominant alleles of PICer locus were identified by isoelectrofocusing in 238 African green monkeys (AGM) of three species (Cercopithecus aethiops, C. pygerythrus, andC. sabaeus) and 6 animals of otherCercopithecus species (C. mona, C. diana, andC. neglectus). The majority of al-AT phenotypes was species-specific. The frequencies of PICer alleles estimated forC. aethiops andC. pygerythrus were profoundly different. Thus, al-AT phenotypes can be a use as a markers for breeding control in captivity and taxonomic
identification of blood samples. 相似文献
11.
Redina O. E. Khvorostova J. V. Dymshits G. M. Markel A. L. 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2003,39(6):676-680
Hypertension is a widespread human disease caused by a complex interaction of a series of the genetic factors with both each other and the environmental conditions. In this study we aimed at determining the candidate genetic loci responsible for hypertension in the ISIAH rats and studying the dynamics of the relevant genetic and physiological mechanisms in rat ontogeny. The candidate genetic loci were identified from association of the microsatellite markers linked to these loci with arterial hypertension in rat F2 hybrids exposed to stress. Two populations of F2 hybrids of different age (3–4 and 6 months) were obtained by crossing hypertensive ISIAH and normotensive WAG rats. We present the results of cosegregation analysis for the following loci: the gene for the Na+, K+-ATPase alpha 1 subunit (Atp1a1), the endothelin-2 gene (Edn2), the low affinity nerve growth factor receptor gene (Lngfr), and a region of chromosome 10 marked with the D10Rat58 microsatellile located 3 cM away of the aldolase C gene (AldC). The results obtained allowed us to localize the genes responsible for the stress-induced arterial hypertension in the ISIAH rats to the Atp1a1locus (P < 0.05), chromosome 2 and to the Lngfr gene locus (P < 0.05), chromosome 10. The association of hypertensive status with the Lngfr gene was found only in young ISIAH rats whereas in adult rats of this strain, hypertension was associated with the Atp1a1locus. 相似文献
12.
Takayoshi Shotake 《Primates; journal of primatology》1979,20(3):443-451
Serum albumin (Alb) and erythrocyte adenosine deaminase (ADA) polymorphisms in Asian macaques were investigated by means of
starch gel electrophoresis. The materials comprise a total of 2,323 blood samples from eight species, namely,Macaca fuscata,M. mulatta,M. cyclopis,M. fascicularis,M. nemestrina,M. speciosa,M. radiata, andM. assamensis. It was observed that three Alb phenotypes were controlled by two codominant alleles, Alb
mac
A
and Alb
mac
B
and six ADA phenotypes by four codominant alleles, ADA
mac
1
, ADA
mac
2
, ADA
mac
3
, and ADA
mac
4
.
The taxonomic relationships amongM. assamensis,M. radiata, andM. mulatta were analyzed by measuring theNei's (1975) genetic distance. The result supportedHill andBernstein's (1969) postulation thatM. assamensis was more closely related phylogenetically toM. radiata than toM. mulatta. 相似文献
13.
By the use of the Immobiline technique at pH ranges 7.0–7.6 and 6.9–7.9, 16 different hemoglobin (Hb) phenotypes were observed
in 61 English Saanen goats. They are explained in this breed by a genetic theory of five β-globin genes (A
4,A
6,A
8,E, andD) and two closely linked α-globin loci (′α and ″α) of which the ″α has a variant allele, provisionally called ″α
X
. Family data together with observed and expected Hb frequencies were in agreement with the genetic theory. Among six Barbary
sheep there were three Hb phenotypes explained by the occurrence of the β-chain allelesB andC
na. 相似文献
14.
A global scale Dynamic Nitrogen scheme (DyN) has been developed and incorporated into the Lund–Posdam–Jena (LPJ) dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM). The DyN is a comprehensive process‐based model of the cycling of N through and within terrestrial ecosystems, with fully interactive coupling to vegetation and C dynamics. The model represents the uptake, allocation and turnover of N in plants, and soil N transformations including mineralization, N2 fixation, nitrification and denitrification, NH3 volatilization, N leaching, and N2, N2O and NO production and emission. Modelled global patterns of site‐scale nitrogen fluxes and reservoirs are highly correlated to observations reported from different biomes. The simulation of site‐scale net primary production and soil carbon content was improved relative to the original LPJ, which lacked an interactive N cycle, especially in the temporal and boreal regions. Annual N uptake by global natural vegetation was simulated as 1.084 Pg N yr−1, with lowest values <1 g N m−2 yr−1 (polar desert) and highest values in the range 24–36.5 g N m−2 yr−1 (tropical forests). Simulated global patterns of annual N uptake are consistent with previous model results by Melillo et al. The model estimates global total nitrogen storage potentials in vegetation (5.3 Pg N), litter (4.6 Pg N) and soil (≥67 Pg as organic N and 0.94 Pg as inorganic N). Simulated global patterns of soil N storage are consistent with the analysis by Post et al. although total simulated N storage is less. Deserts were simulated to store 460 Tg N (up to 0.262 kg N m−2) as NO3−, contributing 80% of the global total NO3− inventory of 580 Tg N. This model result is in agreement with the findings of a large NO3− pool beneath deserts. Globally, inorganic soil N is a small reservoir, comprising only 1.6% of the global soil N content to 1.5 m soil depth, but the ratio has a very high spatial variability and in hot desert regions, inorganic NO3− is estimated to be the dominant form of stored N in the soil. 相似文献
15.
R. B. Aisina L. I. Muhametova N. V. Prisyazhnaya D. A. Gulin M. Yu. Levashov K. B. Gershkovich 《Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry》2011,37(3):285-291
The influence of angiostatin K1-4.5, a fragment of the heavy chain of plasmin and a powerful inhibitor of angiogenesis, on
kinetic parameters (k
Pg and K
Pg) of human Glu-plasminogen activation under the action of urokinase (uPA) not having affinity for fibrin and fibrin-specific
tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was investigated. Angiostatin does not affect on the k
Pg value, but increases the value of K
Pg plasminogen activation by urokinase. A decrease in the k
Pg value and an increase in the K
Pg value were found for fibrin-stimulated plasminogen activation by tPA with increasing concentrations of angiostatin. The obtained
results show that angiostatin is a competitive inhibitor of the uPA activator activity, while it inhibits the activator activity
of tPA with a mixed type. Such an influence of angiostatin on the kinetic constants of the plasminogen activation by urokinase
suggests that angiostatin dose-dependent manner replaces plasminogen in the binary enzyme-substrate complex uPA-Pg. In the
case of fibrin-stimulated plasminogen activation by tPA, both zymogen and tPA are bound to fibrin with the formation of the
effective triple tPA-Pg-fibrin complex. Angiostatin replaces plasminogen both from the fibrin surface and from the enzyme-substrate
tPA-Pg complex, which leads to a decrease in k
Pg and an increase in K
Pg of the plasminogen activation. Inhibition constants by angiostatin (K
i) of plasminogen-activator activities of uPA and tPA determined by the Dixon method were found to be 0.59 ± 0.04 and 0.12
± 0.05 μM, respectively. 相似文献
16.
Sheila L Arvikar Deborah S Collier Mark C Fisher Sebastian Unizony George L Cohen Gail McHugh Toshihisa Kawai Klemen Strle Allen C Steere 《Arthritis research & therapy》2013,15(5):R109
Introduction
Prior studies have demonstrated an increased frequency of antibodies to Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), a leading agent of periodontal disease, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. However, these patients generally had long-standing disease, and clinical associations with these antibodies were inconsistent. Our goal was to examine Pg antibody responses and their clinical associations in patients with early RA prior to and after disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy.Methods
Serum samples from 50 DMARD-naïve RA patients were tested using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with whole-Pg sonicate. For comparison, serum samples were tested from patients with late RA, patients with other connective tissue diseases (CTDs), age-similar healthy hospital personnel and blood bank donors. Pg antibody responses in early RA patients were correlated with standard RA biomarkers, measures of disease activity and function.Results
At the time of enrollment, 17 (34%) of the 50 patients with early RA had positive immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses to Pg, as did 13 (30%) of the 43 patients with late RA. RA patients had significantly higher Pg antibody responses than healthy hospital personnel and blood bank donors (P < 0.0001). Additionally, RA patients tended to have higher Pg antibody reactivity than patients with other CTDs (P = 0.1), and CTD patients tended to have higher Pg responses than healthy participants (P = 0.07). Compared with Pg antibody-negative patients, early RA patients with positive Pg responses more often had anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody reactivity, their anti-CCP levels were significantly higher (P = 0.03) and the levels of anti-Pg antibodies correlated directly with anti-CCP levels (P < 0.01). Furthermore, at the time of study entry, the Pg-positive antibody group had greater rheumatoid factor values (P = 0.04) and higher inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or ESR) (P = 0.05), and they tended to have higher disease activity scores (Disease Activity Score based on 28-joint count (DAS28)-ESR and Clinical Disease Activity Index) and more functional impairment (Health Assessment Questionnaire). In Pg-positive patients, greater disease activity was still apparent after 12 months of DMARD therapy.Conclusions
A subset of early RA patients had positive Pg antibody responses. The responses correlated with anti-CCP antibody reactivity and to a lesser degree with ESR values. There was a trend toward greater disease activity in Pg-positive patients, and this trend remained after 12 months of DMARD therapy. These findings are consistent with a role for Pg in disease pathogenesis in a subset of RA patients. 相似文献17.
Hideo Hamaguchi Michiko Yamada Atsuo Noguchi Keiji Fujii Masanao Shibasaki Ryozaburo Mukai Toshio Yabe Ikuko Kondo 《Human genetics》1982,60(2):176-180
Summary We describe a genetic polymorphism of human lymphocyte cytosol major polypeptide with mol. wt. 64,000, detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes by high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis. Three different electrophoretic types (1-1, 2-1, 2-2) of the polypeptide have been identified. Family and population studies indicate that the three phenotypes of the polypeptide are determined by two common alleles at a single autosomal locus. The polypeptide occurs in the cytosol and is predominent in peripheral blood lymphocytes, B-lymphoblastoid cells, T-lymphoblastoid cells, lymph node, and spleen. The polypeptide has not been detected in HeLa cells, fibroblasts, erythrocytes, serum, and cerebrum. Traces of the polypeptide exist in liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle. It is proposed that the polypeptide and its locus be temporarily designated lymphocyte cytosol 64K polypeptide (LC64K polypeptide) andLC64P, respectively. In a Japanese population, the gene frequencies ofLC64P
1 andLC64P
2 were 0.936 and 0.064, respectively. The data suggest thatLC64P is a new locus, product of which shows genetic polymorphism and is associated with the function and/or the structure of lymphocytes. 相似文献
18.
J Buettner-Janusch L Dame G A Mason D S Sade 《American journal of physical anthropology》1974,41(1):7-14
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (E. C.: 1.1.1.49) phenotypes and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (E. C.: 1.1.1.44) phenotypes were determined by starch-gel electrophoresis of red cell hemolysates of Galago crassicaudatus subspp., Propithecus verreauxi, Lemur spp., Hapalemur griseus, and Macaca mulatta. A single glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) phenotype was found in each species. A single 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) phenotype was found in Lemur spp., Hapalemur griseus, and Galago crassicaudatus argentatus. In a group of six Propithecus verreauxi, three 6PGD phenotypes, PGD A, PGD AB, and PGD B, were found. Three phenotypes, PGD A, PGD AB, and PGD B, were found in 38 G. c. crassicaudatus. The three phenotypes in each species are apparently the products of two codominant autosomal alleles, PGDA and PGDB. The frequency of PGDA in G. c. crassicaudatus is 0.263. A population of 260 free-ranging macaques displays a polymorphism at the 6PGD locus. Three phenotypes, PGD A, PGD AB, and PGD B, were found. These also appear to be controlled by two codominant autosomal alleles, PGDA and PGDB the frequency of PGDA = 0.913. Additional analysis of three well-defined troops within the macaque population indicated that there are no significant differences between the troops or within the population at the 6PGD locus. 相似文献
19.
Quantitative trait locus analysis for hemostasis and thrombosis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Qila Sa Erika Hart Annie E. Hill Joseph H. Nadeau Jane L. Hoover-Plow 《Mammalian genome》2008,19(6):406-412
Susceptibility to thrombosis varies in human populations as well as many in inbred mouse strains. The objective of this study
was to characterize the genetic control of thrombotic risk on three chromosomes. Previously, utilizing a tail-bleeding/rebleeding
assay as a surrogate of hemostasis and thrombosis function, three mouse chromosome substitution strains (CSS) (B6-Chr5A/J, Chr11A/J
, Chr17A/J) were identified (Hmtb1, Hmtb2, Hmtb3). The tail-bleeding/rebleeding assay is widely used and distinguishes mice with genetic defects in blood clot formation or
dissolution. In the present study, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis revealed a significant locus for rebleeding (clot
stability) time (time between cessation of initial bleeding and start of the second bleeding) on chromosome 5, suggestive
loci for bleeding time (time between start of bleeding and cessation of bleeding) also on chromosomes 5, and two suggestive
loci for clot stability on chromosome 17 and one on chromosome 11. The three CSS and the parent A/J had elevated clot stability
time. There was no interaction of genes on chromosome 11 with genes on chromosome 5 or chromosome 17. On chromosome 17, twenty-three
candidate genes were identified in synteny with previously identified loci for thrombotic risk on human chromosome 18. Thus,
we have identified new QTLs and candidate genes not previously known to influence thrombotic risk.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
20.
M. C. Moretzsohn C. D. M. Nunes M. E. Ferreira D. Grattapaglia 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(1):63-70
Shell thickness is an important trait in oil palm breeding programs and is the basis for the classification of the varieties
of oil palm into the types dura, tenera and pisifera. This trait seems to be controlled by a single locus, with two alleles
(sh
+ and sh
−) showing codominant expression. Two single-tree linkage maps were constructed for a maternal tenera (sh
+
sh
−) palm and for a paternal pisifera (sh
−
sh
−) palm using the pseudo-testcross mapping strategy in combination with RAPD markers through the analysis of an F1 tenera×pisifera progeny. A total of 308 arbitrary primers were screened in a sample of eight F1 plants and 121 markers were detected in a testcross configuration. An average of 1.66 polymorphic marker per selected primer
were identified in this cross. At LOD 5.0 (with some few exceptions) and θ=0.25 the maternal tenera map included a total of
48 markers distributed in 12 linkage groups or pairs of markers (449.3 cM) while the paternal pisifera map included 42 markers
distributed in 15 linkage groups or pairs of markers (399.7 cM). We used RAPD and bulked segregant analysis (BSA) to identify
markers more tightly linked to the sh
+ locus. A total of 174 new primers not previously used in the linkage analysis were screened using bulks of DNA extracted
from plants selected for the contrasting shell-thickness phenotypes. Two RAPD markers (R11–1282 and T19–1046) were identified
to be linked on both sides of the sh
+ locus on linkage group 4. The estimated map distances from sh
+ to R11–1282 and to T19–1046 were 17.5 cM and 23.9 cM, respectively. The results demonstrate the usefulness of RAPD markers
and the pseudo-testcross mapping strategy for developing genetic linkage information, and constitute an important step towards
early marker-assisted selection for shell thickness in oil palm.
Received: 21 February 1999 / Accepted: 29 April 1999 相似文献