太湖现生介形虫

分别于1989年和2004年两次共采集了43个太湖表层沉积物样品,检查发现其中的34个样品中含有现生介形虫,共计12属15种,其中Dolerocypria taalensis,Fabae formiscandona cf.fabaeformis,Physocypria kraepelini和Darwinula stevensoni等4个种最为常见和数量最多,构成了太湖现生介形虫群中的优势成分。长期以来,国内有学者将水体矿化度180mg／l作为介形虫生存的低极限值,由此认为矿化度低于此值的太湖等水体中不存在介形虫(杨留法,1986,1992)。本次调查和国外的相关资料证明,淡水介形虫可以在矿化度低于180mg／l的水体中生存。     

青海可鲁克湖-托素湖自然保护区药用野生植物资源调查分析

目的:可鲁克湖-托素湖自然保护区植物资源丰富,群落类型多样,但对该地区的药用植物资源却鲜有报道,为探明青海可鲁克湖-托素湖自然保护区野生药用植物资源现状,对该地区进行了药用植物调查分析.结果:通过对保护区的野外实地调查、采集标本、资料查阅等方法初步统计出保护区内共有药用植物31科66属101种.绝大多数是被子植物,其中...     

内蒙古巴丹吉林沙漠东南部湖泊底质中现代介形类

本文对我国内蒙古西部巴丹吉林沙漠地区37个湖泊底泥样进行分析、鉴定,共鉴定出介形类6属7种(含一个未定种):意外湖花介(Limnocythere inopinata)、喜盐异星介(Heterocypris salina)、脆弱大带星介(Megazonocypris fragilis)、疏忽玻璃介(Candona neglecta)、纯净小玻璃介(Candoniella albicans)、近球形金星介比较种(Cypris cf.subglobosa)、金星介未定种(Cypris sp.)。其中L.inopinata是该地区的优势种,并且具有不同表型特征的个体均有存在,分析认为盐度的变化并不是影响其壳饰发育的唯一因素。     

冲绳海槽表层沉积物中介形虫的分布

据冲绳海槽和琉球海岭东坡17个站位沉积样及定量分析,介形虫分布可划分三个区。槽底区,水深820至2295m,介形虫属种单调,23届60种,Kritfie,Cytherco pteron等属居优势。北部槽城区,水深415至932m,介形虫36属44种,其大部分属种系非原地居群。琉球海岭两侧坡区,水深1405至1540m,属种及个体数较多,52属85种,其绝大部分生活在槟海至浅海不同地区,只少数生活在深海区,形成复杂的混俣群体。     

太湖介形虫分布与水环境因子间关系的典范对应分析

2004年9月至2005年8月间对太湖介形虫分布状况进行了季节性的调查,共获得介形虫15种,其中克氏瘤丽星介Physocypria kraepelini,豆形豆形玻璃介(比较种)Fabaeformiscandona cf.fabaeformis和塔尔薄丽星介Dolerocypria taalensis的出现频度分别达71.05%、44.74%和42.11%,为太湖水体中的常见种。相似性分析(UPGMA)结果表明太湖介形虫可分为四个不同的类型,即终年出现物种、仅秋季出现物种、夏秋季出现物种和仅春季不出现的物种。应用典范对应分析(Canonical Correspondence Analysis,CCA)对太湖38个样点的15种介形虫与9个环境因子关系研究的结果是介形虫与环境因子间的相关性高达100%,提示太湖水体环境因子变化影响了介形虫的分布和季节性变化;水体的9个环境因子中的pH值、植被密度、总磷和总氮对介形虫的分布影响最大;而化学需氧量和溶氧量对其也有一定的影响。从物种分布状况看,稳定湖花介Limnocythere stationis对水体中环境因子的敏感性明显高于其它物种,其高分布频度对高总磷和高叶绿素具指示作用;太湖中的三种常见种介形虫(克氏瘤丽星介、豆形豆形玻璃介(比较种)和塔尔薄丽星介)的分布主要受总磷和化学需氧量的影响,其高分布频度是水体高化学需氧量的良好指标种;在高总氮和高化学需氧量的春季水体中无角尾狭星介Stenocyprisderupta,近球形金星介Cyprissubglobosa,上野湖湾介Strandesiauenoi,绿色湖湾介S.viridis,条纹湖湾介S.vittata,环星介(未定种)Zonocypris sp.和史氏达尔文介Darwinula stevensoni的出现,暗示这些物种的高分布频度可以指示水体中的低总氮和低化学需氧量。     

洞庭湖DT01剖面的介形类现生种

本文首次记述了湖南省洞庭湖DT01剖面介形类现生种,包含3属4种,它们为比利时舍氏玻璃介(相似种)Schellencandonacf.belgica(Klie,1937)、布氏土星介Ilyocypris bradyi(Sars,1890)、土星介属(未定种)Ilyocypris sp.和豆形豆形玻璃介Fabaeformiscandona fabaeformis(Fischer,1851)。上述属种在洞庭湖区为首次报道,在湖南省亦是首次。此外,S.cf.belgica在我国还很少报道。本研究可丰富我国介形类现生种数据,同时为利用该类生物定量重建本区域全新世古气候奠定基础。     

广东三水盆地晚白垩世的介形类动物群

依据24口钻井及4条地表剖面372个样品的采集和分析,三水盆地晚白垩世的介形类动物群含介形类化石28属81种,本文描述其中24属62种,包括1新种.此介形类动物群在数量上以女星介科和玻璃介科最繁盛,次为背足介科、湖花介科和类女星介科,依其横向分布及纵向变化规律,划分为Talicypridea和Porpocypris两个动物群及Talicypridea amoena带、Porpocypris globra带和Porpocypris sphaeroidalis带等3个化石带.依据介形类化石三水组可与南雄群对比,时代属晚白垩世早--中期.大塱山组与上湖组坪岭段对比,时代应属晚白垩世晚期.     

青藏高原柴达木盆地尕海盐湖浮游生物群落多样性特征的初步研究

青海尕海是青藏高原柴达木盆地比较典型的高盐度且具有丰富卤虫资源的盐湖 ,海拔高程 2 849.6m。 1997年夏季我们对尕海盐湖浮游生物主要类群群落多样性特征进行了初步调查。调查期间在内湖主要水体 5个断面2 2个采样站共发现浮游藻类 46种 ,平均密度为 5 4.39× 10 4 Cells/L ;浮游动物 12种 ,全湖平均密度为 8.2 2个 /L ,平均生物量 0 .2 9mg/L。通过盐度含量较高 (119g/L)的内湖主要水体采样断面与盐度含量较低 (1.8g/L)的湖西北岸小水面采样断面比较 ,浮游生物不论是在种类组成特征、群落的多样性还是其个体丰度都存在十分明显的差异。结果表明 :在盐湖生态系统中 ,盐度是决定生物物种多样性及其个体丰度的关键因素之一。     

云南滇池淡水介形类新记录

本文记述了采自我国云南省滇池的淡水介形类5种现生种,即泽氏玻星介Candonocypris novaezelandiae(Baird)、青春金星介Cypris puberaO.F.Mller、黑纹斗星介Cypridopsis nigrovittataOkubo、非调和异星介Heterocypris incongruens(Ramdohr)和克氏瘤丽星介Physocypria kraepelini G.W.Mlle。它们在滇池和云南省系首次报道,其中C.novaezelandiae在我国是首次发现。同时描述了两个种的软体组织,增添了我国高原断陷湖泊现生介形类动物群名录。     

滴水湖现生介形类与水环境因子间的典范对应关系

滴水湖作为人工新建湖泊,其生态系统形成过程中的跟踪数据对重建其他湖泊生态系统具有重要的参考意义。2013年7月和2014年8月对滴水湖现生介形类分布状况及水环境因子分别进行了调查,结果发现,滴水湖湖水盐度范围介于1.4‰—2.0‰之间,属于微咸水湖。12个采样点共鉴定出现生介形类13种,包括非海相类克氏丽星介Cypria kraepelini(G.W.Müller)和无偶斗星介Cypridopsis vidua(O.F.Müller),海相类中华洁面介Albileberis sinensis Hou、向岛薄丽星介Dolerocypria mukaishimensis Okubo、腹结细花介Leptocythere ventriclivosa Chen、东台新单角介Neomonoceratina dongtaiensis Yang et Chen、长新中华花介Neosinocythere elongata(Hu)、闪光似异口介Paradoxostoma nitida Ho、典型中华美花介Sinocytheridea impressa(Brady)、长中华海花介Sinopontocythere elongata(Gou)、古屋刺花介Spinileberis furuyaensis Ishizaki et Kato、美丽刺面介Spinileberis pulchra Chen和丰满陈氏介Tanella opima Chen。应用典范对应分析(CCA)方法对滴水湖12个样点的8种介形类和9个环境因子进行了相关性研究,结果显示:介形类和环境因子间具有明显的相关性;9个环境因子中叶绿素、总磷和电导率对介形类的分布影响最大,总氮和湖水水温对介形类也有一定影响;从物种分布状况看,相对于低分布频度物种,高分布频度(Y>0.01)物种对环境的耐受性更大,其中Cypria kraepelini和Neomonoceratina dongtaiensis对环境因子的敏感性明显高于其它物种。结合历史资料分析发现,不仅自然环境因子(如电导率、水温等),而且人为干扰因素(如总磷、总氮)都对介形类分布的改变起到重要影响。     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.