共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Diversity of Metabolic Patterns in Human Brain Tumors: Enzymes of Energy Metabolism and Related Metabolites and Cofactors 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2
Oliver H. Lowry Sosamma J. Berger Joyce G. Carter Maggie M.-Y. Chi Jill K. Manchester Joseph Knor Mary E. Pusateri 《Journal of neurochemistry》1983,41(4):994-1010
Biopsies from 15 human gliomas, five meningiomas, four Schwannomas, one medulloblastoma, and four normal brain areas were analyzed for 12 enzymes of energy metabolism and 12 related metabolites and cofactors. Samples, 0.01-0.25 microgram dry weight, were dissected from freeze-dried microtome sections to permit all the assays on a given specimen to be made, as far as possible, on nonnecrotic pure tumor tissue from the same region. Great diversity was found with regard to both enzyme activities and metabolite levels among individual tumors, but the following generalities can be made. Activities of hexokinase, phosphorylase, phosphofructokinase, glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, and malate dehydrogenase levels were usually lower than in brain; glycogen synthase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were usually higher; and the averages for pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and beta-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase were not greatly different from brain. Levels of eight of the 12 enzymes were distinctly lower among the Schwannomas than in the other two groups. Average levels of glucose-6-phosphate, lactate, pyruvate, and uridine diphosphoglucose were more than twice those of brain; 6-phosphogluconate and citrate were about 70% higher than in brain; glucose, glycogen, glycerol-1-phosphate, and malate averages ranged from 104% to 127% of brain; and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and glucose-1,6-bisphosphate levels were on the average 50% and 70% those of brain, respectively. 相似文献
2.
肥大细胞是人体主要免疫细胞之一,因其作为导致过敏反应发生的最直接效应细胞而著称.肥大细胞最主要的结构特征为其胞内含有大量嗜碱性颗粒,该颗粒内又富含种类众多的生物活性物质,包括组胺、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、成纤维细胞生长因子(fibroblast... 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
6.
核酸适配体是一类通过指数富集的配体系统进化(SELEX)技术获得的具有独特三维构象的小分子RNA 或单链DNA。核酸适
配体能高亲和力和高特异性与靶点结合,同时具有自身分子质量小、免疫原性低、热/化学稳定性高、靶标分子范围广等特点,广泛应用
于疾病诊断、治疗、生物传感器、生物标志物筛选、新药研发等领域。综述近年来核酸适配体在肿瘤诊断和治疗方面的应用,并对核酸
适配体的临床研究现状、市场前景及面临挑战和发展趋势作简要分析。 相似文献
7.
8.
PCR直接测序方法及其在肿瘤研究中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
PCR直接测序技术是PCR扩增与核酸测序技术相结合的一种方法.根据此技术的原理,建立了一种以PCR扩增引物为测序引物,α-35S dATP直接掺入,Taq DNA聚合酶直接测序PCR扩增产物的方法.实验表明:该方法简便、快速、稳定.用此方法对人食管癌组织中的抗癌基因p53进行了突变测序分析,发现食管癌组织中p53存在点突变,插入、丢失移码突变.并用此方法对人和恒河猴的p53内含子序列进行了测定,发现猴第5内含子为81个核苷酸,第8内含子为92个核苷酸. 相似文献
9.
Robert B. Stagg William J. Thomas Robert A. Jones W. Ross Adey 《Bioelectromagnetics》1997,18(3):230-236
We have tested the hypothesis that modulated radiofrequency (RF) fields may act as a tumor-promoting agent by altering DNA synthesis, leading to increased cell proliferation. In vitro tissue cultures of transformed and normal rat glial cells were exposed to an 836.55 MHz, packet-modulated RF field at three power densities: 0.09, 0.9, and 9 mW/cm2, resulting in specific absorption rates (SARs) ranging from 0.15 to 59 μW/g. TEM-mode transmission-line cells were powered by a prototype time-domain multiple-access (TDMA) transmitter that conforms to the North American digital cellular telephone standard. One sham and one energized TEM cell were placed in standard incubators maintained at 37 °C and 5% CO2. DNA synthesis experiments at 0.59–59 μW/g SAR were performed on log-phase and serum-starved semiquiescent cultures after 24 h exposure. Cell growth at 0.15–15 μW/g SAR was determined by cell counts of log-phase cultures on days 0, 1, 5, 7, 9, 12, and 14 of a 2 week protocol. Results from the DNA synthesis assays differed for the two cell types. Sham-exposed and RF-exposed cultures of primary rat glial cells showed no significant differences for either log-phase or serum-starved condition. C6 glioma cells exposed to RF at 5.9 μW/g SAR (0.9 mW/cm2) exhibited small (20–40%) significant increases in 38% of [3H]thymidine incorporation experiments. Growth curves of sham and RF-exposed cultures showed no differences in either normal or transformed glial cells at any of the power densities tested. Cell doubling times of C6 glioma cells [sham (21.9 ± 1.4 h) vs. field (22.7 ± 3.2 h)] also demonstrated no significant differences that could be attributed to altered DNA synthesis rates. Under these conditions, this modulated RF field did not increase cell proliferation of normal or transformed cultures of glial origin. Bioelectromagnetics 18:230–236, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
10.
Recently, phage display technology has been announced as the recipient of Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018. Phage display technique allows high affinity target-binding peptides to be selected from a complex mixture pool of billions of displayed peptides on phage in a combinatorial library and could be further enriched through the biopanning process; proving to be a powerful technique in the screening of peptide with high affinity and selectivity. In this review, we will first discuss the modifications in phage display techniques used to isolate various cancer-specific ligands by in situ, in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo screening methods. We will then discuss prominent examples of solid tumor targeting-peptides; namely peptide targeting tumor vasculature, tumor microenvironment (TME) and overexpressed receptors on cancer cells identified through phage display screening. We will also discuss the current challenges and future outlook for targeting peptidebased therapeutics in the clinics. 相似文献
11.
Hyaluronan promotes tumor lymphangiogenesis and intralymphantic tumor growth in xenografts 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hyaluronan (HA), a high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan in the extracellular matrix, has been implicated in the promotion of malignant phenotypes, including tumor angiogenesis. However, little is known about the effect of HA on tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis. In this study, mouse hepatocellular carcinoma Hca-F cells combined with or without HA were injected subcutaneously into C3H/Hej mice, then angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis of implanted tumors were examined by immunostaining for plateletendothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 and lymphatic vascular endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 respectively. Interestingly, we found HA promotes tumor lymphangiogenesis and the occurrence of intratumoral lymphatic vessels, but has little effect on tumor angiogenesis. Moreover, HA also promotes intralymphatic tumor growth, although it is not sufficient to potentiate lymphatic metastasis. These results suggest that HA, which is elevated in most malignant tumor stroma, may also play a role in tumor progression by promoting lymphangiogenesis. 相似文献
12.
13.
上皮-间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transitions,EMT)是上皮细胞向间质细胞转化的现象,不仅参与胚胎发育和正常生理,还参与许多病理过程。同样EMT也参与肿瘤的发生与发展,尤其在促进肿瘤侵袭转移中发挥着重要作用。研究表明,肿瘤细胞借助EMT方式增强肿瘤细胞迁移和运动能力,促进肿瘤的侵袭与转移。在肿瘤侵袭转移历程中,关于EMT发生的分子调控机制研究已取得了良好的进展,但其详细机制仍然不是十分清楚。本文主要介绍生长因子、转录因子、miRNAs、甲基化及其他调控因子在肿瘤EMT中的调控功能,进一步综述EMT在肿瘤侵袭转移中的作用。 相似文献
14.
环状RNA (circRNA)是一种共价闭合的非编码RNA,可以调节真核生物中的基因表达.最近应用高通量RNA测序和生物信息学方法揭示人类细胞中存在大量circRNA.许多circRNA具有一定的组织和时序特异性,且与生理发育和各种肿瘤等疾病密切相关. circRNA被证明在细胞质中富集和稳定,表明其具有作为肿瘤生物标志物的潜力.胃癌(gastric carcinoma,GC)是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,在全球癌症相关死亡原因中排第3位.尽管该疾病在诊断和治疗方面取得了许多进展,但GC患者的预后仍然很差,大多数国家的5年总生存率低于30%.因此,寻找能调节GC发生发展和评估预后的新分子机制和治疗靶标至关重要.近年来circRNA在胃癌中的研究不断增多,其在胃癌的发生发展、诊断、治疗及预后过程中扮演重要角色.本文就circRNA产生机制及一般特征、生物学功能、在胃癌中的研究进展及研究中存在的问题作一综述. 相似文献
15.
新生血管生成是绝大多数肿瘤得以生长和转移的必要前提。所以 ,通过抑制肿瘤血管生成来抑制肿瘤是非常有前途的一种方法 ,有望发展成为一种新型的癌症疗法。主要可以分为两大类 :一是通过抑制促血管生成信号或扩大抑制血管生成因子的作用来干扰肿瘤新生血管的形成过程 ,这领域的广泛研究已经发现了一系列促血管生成因子及其抑制剂和血管生成抑制因子 ;二是利用肿瘤血管与正常血管的差别来携带杀伤性药物直接特异性破坏已形成的肿瘤血管 ;另外 ,内皮细胞及其前体细胞制成疫苗也可起到直接杀伤作用。到目前为止 ,虽然很多抑制肿瘤血管的药物已经被用于临床试验 ,但结果往往不尽如人意 ,从长远来看 ,需要更有效的治疗方法。包括抗血管基因治疗策略 ,靶向药物导入系统的研究 ,以及抗血管生成药物和免疫疗法、化疗和放射治疗的联合应用都在探讨中。随着肿瘤模型评估系统的发展 ,抗血管治疗肿瘤的方法在不久的将来一定会广泛进入临床应用。 相似文献
16.
Linda M. Di Cicco Jonathan N. Mansbridge Vera B. Morhenn 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1987,23(12):805-814
Summary A murine monoclonal antibody, VM-1, which binds to basal cells of normal human epidermis, reduces the ability of human squamous
cell carcinoma cells (SCL-1) derived from the skin to attach and spread on collagen by about 50% and causes cell rounding.
Similar effects have been previously shown using normal human keratinocytes. The attachment of cell lines derived from human
lung squamous cell carcinomas (SW1271 and SW900), melanoma A375, glioblastoma 126, and fibrosarcoma HT1080 is also inhibited
by this antibody. VM-1 antibody does not bind to normal human fibroblasts, benign nevus cells, or the human B-cell-derived
line 8866. VM-1 antibody inhibits the growth of SCL-1 cells in vitro as measured by cell numbers and [3H]thymidine ([3H]TdR) incorporation. It is not cytolytic in the presence of complement as measured by51Cr release. Repeated treatment of SCL-1 cells with VM-1 antibody significantly reduces the proportion of SCL-1 cells that
attach to collagen. In addition, after treatment of SCL-1 cells with VM-1 antibody, several proteins can no longer be demonstrated
by gel electrophoresis of the cell-free supernatant. The VM-1 antibody effect on attachment and spreading is partially reversed
by pretreatment of the collagen surface with laminin and fibronectin, but not with the carbohydrates chondroitin-6-sulfate
or hyaluronic acid or with the protein lysozyme. By fluorescence staining, the antigen recognized by VM-1 antibody is membrane-bound
and Triton X-100 extractable. The VM-1 antigen is excluded from Bio-Sil TSK-400 and sediments at about 10.5 S. It has a covalent
molecular weight on the order of 106. Proteinase K digestion produces VM-1 antibody reactive fragments, assumed to be polysaccharides, with a polydisperse molecular
weight distribution in the range 5000 to 30 000. The VM-1 antigen is partially lost from solution on boiling and is no longer
detectable in the aqueous or organic phase after chloroform-methanol extraction. The properties of the VM-1 antigen are consistent
with those of a proteoglycan involved in attachment and spreading of kerationcytes and certain tumor cells on collagen.
This research was supported by a grant from the Elsa U. Pardee Foundation, a Training Grant from the National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, MD, and the Psoriasis Research Institute. Part of this work has appeared as an abstract in Fed. Proc. 43:1929,
Abst. #2994, 1984. 相似文献
17.
18.
Micrometer-scale oxygen delivery rearranges cells and prevents necrosis in tumor tissue in vitro 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Toley BJ Park J Kim BJ Venkatasubramanian R Maharbiz MM Forbes NS 《Biotechnology progress》2012,28(2):515-525
Oxygen availability plays a critical role in cancer progression and is correlated with poor prognosis. Despite this connection, the independent effects of oxygen gradients on tumor tissues have not been measured. To address this, we developed an oxygen delivery device that uses microelectrodes to generate oxygen directly underneath three-dimensional tumor cylindroids composed of colon carcinoma cells. The extent of cell death was measured using fluorescence staining. Supplying oxygen for 60 h eliminated the necrotic region typically found in the center of cylindroids despite the continued presence of other nutrient gradients. A mathematical model of cylindroid growth showed that the rate of cell death was more sensitive to oxygen than the growth rate. After oxygenation, a ring of dead cells was observed at the outside edge of cylindroids, and dead cells were observed moving outward from cylindroid centers. This movement suggests that dead cells were pushed by viable cells migrating in response to oxygen gradients, a mechanism that may connect transient oxygen gradients to metastasis formation. These measurements show that oxygen gradients are a primary factor governing cell viability and rearrange cells in tumors. 相似文献
19.