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Jun Sakaguchi Jun‐Ichi Itoh Yukihiro Ito Ayako Nakamura Hiroo Fukuda Shinichiro Sawa 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2010,63(3):405-416
Leaf veins have a complex network pattern. Formation of this vein pattern has been widely studied as a model of tissue pattern formation in plants. To understand the molecular mechanism governing the vascular patterning process, we isolated the rice mutant, commissural vein excessive1 (coe1). The coe1 mutants had short commissural vein (CV) intervals and produced clustered CVs. Application of 1‐N‐naphthylphthalamic acid and brefeldin A decreased CV intervals, and application of 1‐naphthaleneacetic acid increased CV intervals in wild‐type rice; however, coe1 mutants were insensitive to these chemicals. COE1 encodes a leucine‐rich repeat receptor‐like kinase, whose amino acid sequence is similar to that of brassinosteroid‐insensitive 1‐associated receptor kinase 1 (BAK1), and which is localized at the plasma membrane. Because of the sequence similarity of COE1 to BAK1, we also examined the involvement of brassinosteroids in CV formation. Brassinolide, an active brassinosteroid, decreased the CV intervals of wild‐type rice, and brassinazole, an inhibitor of brassinosteroid biosynthesis, increased the CV intervals of wild‐type rice, but coe1 mutants showed insensitivity to these chemicals. These results suggest that auxin and brassinosteroids regulate CV intervals in opposite directions, and COE1 may regulate CV intervals downstream of auxin and brassinosteroid signals. 相似文献
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OsARF16, a transcription factor,is required for auxin and phosphate starvation response in rice (Oryza sativa L.) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
CHENJIA SHEN SUIKANG WANG SAINA ZHANG YANXIA XU QIAN QIAN YANHUA QI DE AN JIANG 《Plant, cell & environment》2013,36(3):607-620
Plant responses to auxin and phosphate (Pi) starvation are closely linked. However, the underlying mechanisms connecting auxin to phosphate starvation (?Pi) responses are largely unclear. Here, we show that OsARF16, an auxin response factor, functions in both auxin and ?Pi responses in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The knockout of OsARF16 led to primary roots (PR), lateral roots (LR) and root hair losing sensitivity to auxin and ?Pi response. OsARF16 expression and OsARF16::GUS staining in PR and LR of rice Nipponbare (NIP) were induced by indole acetic acid and ?Pi treatments. In ?Pi conditions, the shoot biomass of osarf16 was slightly reduced, and neither root growth nor iron content was induced, indicating that the knockout of OsARF16 led to loss of response to Pi deficiency in rice. Six phosphate starvation‐induced genes (PSIs) were less induced by ?Pi in osarf16 and these trends were similar to a knockdown mutant of OsPHR2 or AtPHR1, which was a key regulator under ?Pi. These data first reveal the biological function of OsARF16, provide novel evidence of a linkage between auxin and ?Pi responses and facilitate the development of new strategies for the efficient utilization of Pi in rice. 相似文献
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The jasmonic acid signaling pathway is linked to auxin homeostasis through the modulation of YUCCA8 and YUCCA9 gene expression 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mathias Hentrich Christine Böttcher Petra Düchting Youfa Cheng Yunde Zhao Oliver Berkowitz Josette Masle Joaquín Medina Stephan Pollmann 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2013,74(4):626-637
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Plant hormones play an important role during higher plant embryogenesis. Auxin is central to the development of vascular tissues, formation of lateral and adventitious roots, control of apical dominance, and tropic responses. Auxin response element (AuxRE), present in the promoters of many auxin-induced genes, can confer auxin responsiveness. Using carrot somatic embryo under specific developmental phase, a cDNA expression library was constructed. Several plasmids were recombined containing the tetramer of AuxRE as a bait. After screening by a yeast one-hy-brid system, one positive clone was confirmed and characterized. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that AxRF1 protein expressed in yeast cell could bind AuxRE in vitro. It suggests that AxRF1 participates in regulation of the expression of auxin responsive gene during carrot somatic embryogenesis. 相似文献
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Xi Chen Lin Li Buxian Xu Shujuan Zhao Piaoying Lu Yuqing He Tiantian Ye Yu‐Qi Feng Yan Wu 《Plant, cell & environment》2019,42(5):1441-1457
Nine phosphatidylinositol‐specific phospholipases C (PLCs) have been identified in the Arabidopsis genome; among the importance of PLC2 in reproductive development is significant. However, the role of PLC2 in vegetative development such as in root growth is elusive. Here, we report that plc2 mutants displayed multiple auxin‐defective phenotypes in root development, including short primary root, impaired root gravitropism, and inhibited root hair growth. The DR5:GUS expression and the endogenous indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) content, as well as the responses of a set of auxin‐related genes to exogenous IAA treatment, were all decreased in plc2 seedlings, suggesting the influence of PLC2 on auxin accumulation and signalling. The root elongation of plc2 mutants was less sensitive to the high concentration of exogenous auxins, and the application of 1‐naphthaleneacetic acid or the auxin transport inhibitor N‐1‐naphthylphthalamic acid could rescue the root hair growth of plc2 mutants. In addition, the PIN2 polarity and cycling in plc2 root epidermis cells were altered. These results demonstrate a critical role of PLC2 in auxin‐mediated root development in Arabidopsis, in which PLC2 influences the polar distribution of PIN2. 相似文献
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Takanori Yoshikawa Momoyo Ito Tsuyoshi Sumikura Akira Nakayama Takeshi Nishimura Hidemi Kitano Isomaro Yamaguchi Tomokazu Koshiba Ken‐Ichiro Hibara Yasuo Nagato Jun‐Ichi Itoh 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2014,78(6):927-936
Auxin is a fundamental plant hormone and its localization within organs plays pivotal roles in plant growth and development. Analysis of many Arabidopsis mutants that were defective in auxin biosynthesis revealed that the indole‐3‐pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway, catalyzed by the TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS (TAA) and YUCCA (YUC) families, is the major biosynthetic pathway of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA). In contrast, little information is known about the molecular mechanisms of auxin biosynthesis in rice. In this study, we identified a auxin‐related rice mutant, fish bone (fib). FIB encodes an orthologue of TAA genes and loss of FIB function resulted in pleiotropic abnormal phenotypes, such as small leaves with large lamina joint angles, abnormal vascular development, small panicles, abnormal organ identity and defects in root development, together with a reduction in internal IAA levels. Moreover, we found that auxin sensitivity and polar transport activity were altered in the fib mutant. From these results, we suggest that FIB plays a pivotal role in IAA biosynthesis in rice and that auxin biosynthesis, transport and sensitivity are closely interrelated. 相似文献
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Jie Gao Long Zhang Haonan Du Yongbin Dong Sihan Zhen Chen Wang Qilei Wang Jingyu Yang Paifeng Zhang Xu Zheng Yuling Li 《植物学报(英文版)》2023,65(7):1767-1781
Members of the ADP-ribosylation factor family, which are GTP-binding proteins, are involved in metabolite transport, cell division, and expansion. Although there has been a significant amount of research on small GTP-binding proteins, their roles and functions in regulating maize kernel size remain elusive. Here, we identified ZmArf2 as a maize ADP-ribosylation factor-like family member that is highly conserved during evolution. Maize zmarf2 mutants showed a characteristic smaller kernel size. Conversely, ZmArf2 overexpression increased maize kernel size. Furthermore, heterologous expression of ZmArf2 dramatically elevated Arabidopsis and yeast growth by promoting cell division. Using expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis, we determined that ZmArf2 expression levels in various lines were mainly associated with variation at the gene locus. The promoters of ZmArf2 genes could be divided into two types, pS and pL, that were significantly associated with both ZmArf2 expression levels and kernel size. In yeast-one-hybrid screening, maize Auxin Response Factor 24 (ARF24) is directly bound to the ZmArf2 promoter region and negatively regulated ZmArf2 expression. Notably, the pS and pL promoter types each contained an ARF24 binding element: an auxin response element (AuxRE) in pS and an auxin response region (AuxRR) in pL, respectively. ARF24 binding affinity to AuxRR was much higher compared with AuxRE. Overall, our results establish that the small G-protein ZmArf2 positively regulates maize kernel size and reveals the mechanism of its expression regulation. 相似文献
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Rice siR109944 suppresses plant immunity to sheath blight and impacts multiple agronomic traits by affecting auxin homeostasis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lulu Qiao Liyu Zheng Cong Sheng Hongwei Zhao Hailing Jin Dongdong Niu 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2020,102(5):948-964
Plant small RNAs (sRNAs) play significant roles in regulating various developmental processes and hormone signalling pathways involved in plant responses to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the functions of sRNAs in response to rice sheath blight remain unclear. We screened rice (Oryza sativa) sRNA expression patterns against Rhizoctonia solani and found that Tourist‐miniature inverted‐repeat transposable element (MITE)‐derived small interfering RNA (siRNA) (here referred to as siR109944) expression was clearly suppressed upon R. solani infection. One potential target of siR109944 is the F‐Box domain and LRR‐containing protein 55 (FBL55), which encode the transport inhibitor response 1 (TIR1)‐like protein. We found that rice had significantly enhanced susceptibility when siR109944 was overexpressed, while FBL55 OE plants showed resistance to R. solani challenge. Additionally, multiple agronomic traits of rice, including root length and flag leaf inclination, were affected by siR109944 expression. Auxin metabolism‐related and signalling pathway‐related genes were differentially expressed in the siR109944 OE and FBL55 OE plants. Importantly, pre‐treatment with auxin enhanced sheath blight resistance by affecting endogenous auxin homeostasis in rice. Furthermore, transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing siR109944 exhibited early flowering, increased tiller numbers, and increased susceptibility to R. solani. Our results demonstrate that siR109944 has a conserved function in interfering with plant immunity, growth, and development by affecting auxin homeostasis in planta. Thus, siR109944 provides a genetic target for plant breeding in the future. Furthermore, exogenous application of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) or auxin analogues might effectively protect field crops against diseases. 相似文献
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In our investigation, auxins (IAA, IBA and NAA) effectively promoted rooting in soybean hypocotyls. The activity of anionic
peroxidase (POX) (pI 3.7) and cationic POX (pI 8.5) was significantly suppressed by exogenous auxins on day 2 (the inductive
phase). Some particular anionic POXs (pI 4.0 and pI 5.3) significantly increased in IBA-treated tissues as compared with the
control when the incubation time was prolonged to day 3 and day 4 (the initiation phase). We sequenced 5′-flanking region
of pI 8.5 and pI 5.3 POX genes using the PLACE and PlantCARE databases to identify several potential cis-regulatory elements. The pI 8.5 POX gene promoter contained two sites that were homologous to sequences commonly found in
auxin response elements; motifs ARF/AuxRE and CATATGGMSAUR. During the inductive phase, the activity of pI 8.5 POX was significantly
suppressed by the exogenously applied auxins. The pI 8.5 POX gene promoter contained both ARF/AuxRE and CATATGGMSAUR motifs
that responded to auxins earlier than the pI 5.3 POX gene. Hence, the pI 8.5 POX gene might belong to primary auxin response
genes. The pI 5.3 POX gene, which responded to auxins a day or two later, contained only ARF/AuxRE motif. Moreover, unlike
pI 8.5 and pI 3.7 POXs that were suppressed by auxins, the pI 5.3 POX was induced or enhanced by the applied auxins, especially
IBA. The pI 5.3 POX might generate H2O2 which caused the auxin-induced growth at the initiation phase during the formation of adventitious root in soybean hypocotyls. 相似文献
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A method for monitoring the time course of auxin-induced volume changesby protoplasts at a high temporal resolution was developed for Zeamays coleoptile protoplasts. Auxins, like indole-3-acetic acid(IAA), induce a rapid change in volume. Immediately after addition ofthis auxin, a transient shrinkage was observed, followed by a long-termswelling response. This reaction occurred in the same time window as thetypical auxin growth response of intact coleoptiles. Active auxins, like1-naphthalene acetic acid (1-NAA) and 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid(4-Cl-IAA), caused similar volume changes, whereas the inactive analogue2-naphthalene acetic acid (2-NAA) had no effect. The phytotoxinfusicoccin (FC) induced a rapid swelling response. We conclude that thissingle cell system is very adequate to analyse mechanisms of auxinsignal transduction. 相似文献
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Di Zhao Yantao Wang Chen Feng Yan Wei Xiang Peng Xiao Guo Xinwei Guo Zefeng Zhai Jian Li Xiaoshuai Shen Tianhong Li 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2020,103(1):166-183
Phytohormonal interactions are crucial for plant development. Auxin and cytokinin (CK) both play critical roles in regulating plant growth and development; however, the interaction between these two phytohormones is complex and not fully understood. Here, we isolated a wild apple (Malus sieversii Roem) GRETCHEN HAGEN3 (GH3) gene, MsGH3.5, encoding an indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA)‐amido synthetase. Overexpression of MsGH3.5 significantly reduced the free IAA content and increased the content of some IAA‐amino acid conjugates, and MsGH3.5‐overexpressing lines were dwarfed and produced fewer adventitious roots (ARs) than the control. This phenotype is consistent with the role of GH3 in conjugating excess free active IAA to amino acids in auxin homeostasis. Surprisingly, overexpression of MsGH3.5 significantly increased CK concentrations in the whole plant, and altered the expression of genes involved in CK biosynthesis, metabolism and signaling. Furthermore, exogenous CK application induced MsGH3.5 expression through the activity of the CK type‐B response regulator, MsRR1a, which mediates the CK primary response. MsRR1a activated MsGH3.5 expression by directly binding to its promoter, linking auxin and CK signaling. Plants overexpressing MsRR1a also displayed fewer ARs, in agreement with the regulation of MsGH3.5 expression by MsRR1a. Taken together, we reveal that MsGH3.5 affects apple growth and development by modulating auxin and CK levels and signaling pathways. These findings provide insight into the interaction between the auxin and CK pathways, and might have substantial implications for efforts to improve apple architecture. 相似文献
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The role of auxin in plant development is well known; however, its possible function in root response to abiotic stress is poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate a novel role of auxin transport in plant tolerance to oxidative stress caused by arsenite. Plant response to arsenite [As(III)] was evaluated by measuring root growth and markers for stress on seedlings treated with control or As(III)‐containing medium. Auxin transporter mutants aux1, pin1 and pin2 were significantly more sensitive to As(III) than the wild type (WT). Auxin transport inhibitors significantly reduced plant tolerance to As(III) in the WT, while exogenous supply of indole‐3‐acetic acid improved As(III) tolerance of aux1 and not that of WT. Uptake assays using H3‐IAA showed As(III) affected auxin transport in WT roots. As(III) increased the levels of H2O2 in WT but not in aux1, suggesting a positive role for auxin transport through AUX1 on plant tolerance to As(III) stress via reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐mediated signalling. Compared to the WT, the mutant aux1 was significantly more sensitive to high‐temperature stress and salinity, also suggesting auxin transport influences a common element shared by plant tolerance to arsenite, salinity and high‐temperature stress. 相似文献
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The glucosinolate breakdown product indole‐3‐carbinol acts as an auxin antagonist in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana
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Ella Katz Sophia Nisani Brijesh S. Yadav Melkamu G. Woldemariam Ben Shai Uri Obolski Marcelo Ehrlich Eilon Shani Georg Jander Daniel A. Chamovitz 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2015,82(4):547-555
The glucosinolate breakdown product indole‐3‐carbinol functions in cruciferous vegetables as a protective agent against foraging insects. While the toxic and deterrent effects of glucosinolate breakdown on herbivores and pathogens have been studied extensively, the secondary responses that are induced in the plant by indole‐3‐carbinol remain relatively uninvestigated. Here we examined the hypothesis that indole‐3‐carbinol plays a role in influencing plant growth and development by manipulating auxin signaling. We show that indole‐3‐carbinol rapidly and reversibly inhibits root elongation in a dose‐dependent manner, and that this inhibition is accompanied by a loss of auxin activity in the root meristem. A direct interaction between indole‐3‐carbinol and the auxin perception machinery was suggested, as application of indole‐3‐carbinol rescues auxin‐induced root phenotypes. In vitro and yeast‐based protein interaction studies showed that indole‐3‐carbinol perturbs the auxin‐dependent interaction of Transport Inhibitor Response (TIR1) with auxin/3‐indoleacetic acid (Aux/IAAs) proteins, further supporting the possibility that indole‐3‐carbinol acts as an auxin antagonist. The results indicate that chemicals whose production is induced by herbivory, such as indole‐3‐carbinol, function not only to repel herbivores, but also as signaling molecules that directly compete with auxin to fine tune plant growth and development. 相似文献