一种包装AAV2/5的重组单纯疱疹病毒的构建

为了得到一种可以包装AAV2/5和表达绿色荧光蛋白的重组单纯疱疹病毒,设计并构建了一个由AAV2rep基因和AAV5cap基因嵌合而成的rep2cap5基因,然后,利用一套携带HSV1基因组的粘粒系统(cos6、cos28、cos14、cos56、cos48),将rep2cap5基因插入cos6粘粒上HSV1基因组片段的UL2基因中,而将EGFP的表达单位插入cos56粘粒上HSV1基因组片段的UL44基因中,用这2个重组粘粒与其它3个粘粒(cos14、cos28、cos48)共转染BHK-21细胞获得了重组病毒HSV1-r2c5-EGFP并进行了空斑纯化。HSV1-r2c5-EGFP病毒能够在BHK-21细胞连续传代,并且可以观察到几乎所有的感染细胞都能产生绿色荧光。用PCR方法以及Southern杂交方法表明所获得的HSV1-r2c5-EGFP中携带有rep2cap5基因,用HSV1-r2c5-EGFP感染携带报告基因LacZ的AAV载体细胞株,获得了具有感染性的重组AAV2/5-LacZ。结果表明,所获得的重组单纯疱疹病毒HSV1-r2c5-EGFP可提供AAV2/5载体包装所需的全部辅助功能,是一种能简便、高效制备重组AAV2/5病毒的通用性辅助病毒。     

Polypeptide composition of flacherie viruses of the silkworm

The purified flacherie viruses of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, (FVS I, FVS II, FVS III, and FVS IV) were iodinated by using chloramine-T. The iodinated FVSes were purified by sucrose density gradient centrifugation or 2.4% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. FVS IV was found in the sedimentation analysis of FVS I, FVS II, and FVS IV. Electrophoretic patterns of FVS IV showed that it was a mixture of components having identical mobilities with FVS I, EVS IIa, and FVS IIb. FVS IV was a decomposed particle of FVS I, FVS II, and/or FVS III. All of these particles contained three polypeptides with molecular weights of about 51,000, 31,000, and 12,000 daltons. FVS I composed of six polypeptides with molecular weights of 67,000, 51,000, 39,000, 31,000, 14,000, and 12,000 daltons. The maturation process of FVS I was discussed and was suggested as the following process, FVS IIb→FVS IIa→FVS I. It is not clear whether FVS III is an intermediate for FVS IIa to convert into FVS I, or FVS III is a decomposed particle of FVS I.     

肝炎病毒与EB病毒重叠感染

为探讨肝炎病毒（ＨＶ）与ＥＢ病毒（ＥＢＶ）重叠感染的状况和后果,我们用免疫酶法对１５４例各型病毒性肝炎患者作了ＥＢＶＩｇＡ抗体检测。结果发现,急性肝炎、慢性轻度肝炎、慢性中度肝炎、肝炎肝硬化、慢性重型肝炎和原发性肝癌ＶＧＡ－ＩｇＡ抗体的阳性率分别为２４．０％、３０．０％、５３．３％、６３．３％、４０．０％和７２．７％,与健康人（５．３％）比较,有非常显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）;原发性肝癌又较急性肝炎和慢性轻度肝炎高,并有非常显著意义差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＨＢＶ和ＨＡＶ＋ＨＢＶ感染者比较,前者又较后者低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。重叠感染者的临床表现均为“肝炎型”,未见咽炎、腺热、胃肠、肺炎、肾炎、神经等类型。重叠感染者的ＣＤ＋３及ＣＤ＋４Ｔ细胞下降,ＣＤ＋８Ｔ细胞及ＩｇＧ,ＩｇＭ升高,与健康人比较差异非常显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果提示：ＨＶ感染,不仅因免疫失调易感ＥＢＶ,又可因重叠感染而进一步使免疫功能失调;对病毒性肝炎的处理应强调免疫调节治疗。     

RNA viruses in the sea

Viruses are ubiquitous in the sea and appear to outnumber all other forms of marine life by at least an order of magnitude. Through selective infection, viruses influence nutrient cycling, community structure, and evolution in the ocean. Over the past 20 years we have learned a great deal about the diversity and ecology of the viruses that constitute the marine virioplankton, but until recently the emphasis has been on DNA viruses. Along with expanding knowledge about RNA viruses that infect important marine animals, recent isolations of RNA viruses that infect single-celled eukaryotes and molecular analyses of the RNA virioplankton have revealed that marine RNA viruses are novel, widespread, and genetically diverse. Discoveries in marine RNA virology are broadening our understanding of the biology, ecology, and evolution of viruses, and the epidemiology of viral diseases, but there is still much that we need to learn about the ecology and diversity of RNA viruses before we can fully appreciate their contributions to the dynamics of marine ecosystems. As a step toward making sense of how RNA viruses contribute to the extraordinary viral diversity in the sea, we summarize in this review what is currently known about RNA viruses that infect marine organisms.     

Evidence for plant viruses in the region of Argentina Islands, Antarctica

This work focused on the assessment of plant virus occurrence among primitive and higher plants in the Antarctic region. Sampling occurred during two seasons (2004/5 and 2005/6) at the Ukrainian Antarctic Station 'Academician Vernadskiy' positioned on Argentina Islands. Collected plant samples of four moss genera (Polytrichum, Plagiatecium, Sanionia and Barbilophozia) and one higher monocot plant species, Deschampsia antarctica, were further subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to test for the presence of common plant viruses. Surprisingly, samples of Barbilophozia and Polytrichum mosses were found to contain antigens of viruses from the genus Tobamovirus, Tobacco mosaic virus and Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, which normally parasitize angiosperms. By contrast, samples of the monocot Deschampsia antarctica were positive for viruses typically infecting dicots: Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, Cucumber mosaic virus and Tomato spotted wilt virus. Serological data for Deschampsia antarctica were supported in part by transmission electron microscopy observations and bioassay results. The results demonstrate comparatively high diversity of plant viruses detected in Antarctica; the results also raise questions of virus specificity and host susceptibility, as the detected viruses normally infect dicotyledonous plants. However, the means of plant virus emergence in the region remain elusive and are discussed.     

寨卡病毒及其疫苗研究

寨卡病毒与黄热病毒、登革热病毒、日本脑炎病毒、西尼罗病毒等都属于蚊媒传播的黄病毒属病毒。寨卡病毒分离于1947年,但由于分布区域有限,所致寨卡热症状较轻,很长一段时间并没有引起太多的关注。最近一些年,特别是2015年后,巴西的寨卡疫情暴发及其与新生儿小头畸形的关联,引起了全球越来越多的关注。疫苗是应对寨卡疫情的重要手段,目前全球有30余个机构在进行寨卡病毒疫苗的研发。本文综述了寨卡病毒的生物学、流行病学、临床特征以及当前不同类型寨卡病毒疫苗研发现状,同时对其他几种黄病毒属病毒批准和临床阶段疫苗情况进行了概述,以为相关研究人员提供参考。     

应用斑点法检测植物病毒的研究

应用斑点法检测了病叶粗汁液中的芜菁花叶病毒(TuMV)、大豆花叶病毒(sMV)和黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV),病叶粗汁液可被检测的最大稀释度分别为1:5120、1:2560和1:1280。提纯的大豆花叶病毒和黄瓜花叶病毒可检测的最低限量分别为1.7ng和1.2ng。以牛血清白蛋白、吐温和聚乙烯吡咯啉酮作封闭液,均可获得满意的结果。应用斑点法检测芜菁花叶病毒和大豆花叶病毒时,其抗血清稀释1:500倍可获得满意效果,稀释2000倍仍可用于检测。