Three new species of Leptolalax from Thailand (Amphibia, Anura, Megophryidae)

Three new megophryid species, Leptolalax melanoleucus, L. fuliginosus, and L. solus, are described from southwestern and southern Thailand on the bases of acoustic and morphological characteristics. Leptolalax melanoleucus and L. fuliginosus are similar to L. pelodytoides from northern Thailand, but differ from it completely in advertisement call characteristics and ventral color. Leptolalax solus is similar to L. heteropus from peninsular Malaysia, but differs from it by advertisement call, as well as by some body proportions. The distributional pattern of Leptolalax within Thailand is discussed.     

A New Species of Leptolalax （Anura： Megophryidae） from Southern China

A new species, Leptolalax laui sp. nov. is described based on specimens collected from Hong Kong and Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China. The new species can be distinguished from other known congeners by morphological and molecular data. The new species is characterized by the following characters： 1） small size （adult males SVL 24.8.1 mm-26.7 mm）; 2） near immaculate creamy white chest and belly; 3） broad lateral fringes on toes; 4） head longer or as long as wide; 5） distinct dark brown spots in flank; 6） moderate dermal fringes on fingers; 7） brown or reddish-brown dorsum with fine round scattered tubercles; 8） thin traverse brownish-grey bars on the dorsal surface of tibia and lower arms; 9） longitudinal ridges under toes not interrupted at the articulations.     

A New Species of the Genus Leptolalax(Anura: Megophryidae) from Northern Thailand

A new species of the genus Leptolalax is described from Doi Saket, Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: 1) adult size large(male SVL 45.8-52.5 mm); 2) tympanum distinct; 3) skin of dorsal surface mostly smooth, with distinct tubercles on dorsal and lateral parts of the body; 4) ventrolateral glandular ridge distinct and complete; 5) lateral body and groin covered with dark brown or black spots; 6) throat, chest, and belly nearly immaculate white; and 7) bi-colored iris, upper onethird golden, and lower two-thirds gray. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial 16S rRNA further distinguishes it from its congeners for which sequences are available.     

A new species of Chirixalus from Vietnam (Anura: Rhacophoridae)

A new rhacophorid species is described on the basis of two specimens collected from Vu Quang Nature Reserve, Ha Tinh Province, central Vietnam. The species has inner and outer fingers that are not opposable, but in order to avoid taxonomic confusion, it is tentatively assigned to the genus Chirixalus. It is a large Chirixalus, having robust body with warty, grayish dorsum and immaculate ventrum, and lacking large pollex, white granules around anus and on limbs, and dark markings on sides of body. It is most similar to C. eiffingeri and C. idiootocus in external morphology, and much different from the other congeners. Generic definition of the genera Chirixalus and Kurixalus is discussed.     

A new species of Megophrys (Amphibia:Anura:Megophryidae) from the northwestern Hunan Province,China

<正> A new species of Megophrys (Amphibia: Anura: Megophryidae), Megophrys tuberogranulatus Shen, Mo et Li, sp.nov. (Holotype HNUL 03080902, adult male, SVL: 38.2 mm), from Sangzhi County, Hunan Province, is described. Megophrystuberogranulatus is closely related to both Megophrys kuatunensis and Megophrys minor. Characters of the new species that differentiatethis species from close relatives are skin granulated with big tubercles on the dorsal sides of both thigh and tibia, thebigger inner metacarpal tubercle, upper eyelid wider than the interorbital space, hind limbs longer, overlapping of the left andright calcaneal parts. The type specimens are deposited in the Animal Museum of Life Sciences College of Hunan Normal University.     

A new species of Gracixalus (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from northern Vietnam

We describe a new species of small tree frog from northern Vietnam based on morphological differences and molecular divergence. Gracixalus waza sp. nov. is distinguishable from its congeners and other small rhacophorid species on the basis of a combination of the following characters: (1) size small (snout-vent length of males 27.1–32.9 mm, of females 37.6 mm); (2) head as wide as or wider than long; (3) vomerine teeth absent; (4) snout rounded and long (16–18 % of the snout-vent length); (5) spines on upper eyelid absent; (6) tibiotarsal projection absent; (7) dorsal skin smooth; (8) dermal fringes on forearm and tarsus absent; (9) dorsal surface of head and body greyish-green to moss-green with dark brown pattern forming an inverse Y marking; and (10) throat and chest with dark marbling. Our molecular data showed that the new species is nested in the same group with Gracixalus jinxiuensis sensu lato.     

A new species of the genus Theloderma Tschudi, 1838(Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Tay Nguyen Plateau,central Vietnam

A new species of small tree frog from a primary montane tropical forest of central Vietnam, Tay Nguyen Plateau, is described based on morphological,molecular, and acoustic evidence. The Golden Bug-Eyed Frog, Theloderma auratum sp. nov., is distinguishable from its congeners and other small rhacophorid species based on a combination of the following morphological attributes:(1) bony ridges on head absent;(2) smooth skin completely lacking calcified warts or asperities;(3) pointed elongated tapering snout;(4) vocal opening in males absent;(5) vomerine teeth absent;(6) males of small body size(SVL 21.8–26.4 mm);(7) head longer than wide;ED/SVL ratio 13%–15%; ESL/SVL ratio 16%–20%;(8)small tympanum(TD/EL ratio 50%–60%) with few tiny tubercles;(9) supratympanic fold absent;(10) ventral surfaces completely smooth;(11) webbing between fingers absent;(12) outer and inner metacarpal tubercles present, supernumerary metacarpal tubercle single, medial, oval in shape;(13) toes half-webbed:Ⅰ 2–2? Ⅱ 1?–2? Ⅲ 2–3? Ⅳ 3–1? Ⅴ;(14) inner metatarsal tubercle present, oval; outer metatarsal tubercle absent;(15) iris bicolored;(16) dorsal surfaces golden-yellow with sparse golden-orange speckling or reticulations and few small dark-brown spots;(17) lateral sides of head and body with wide dark reddish-brown to black lateral stripes, clearlyseparated from lighter dorsal coloration by straight contrasting edge;(18) ventral surfaces of body, throat,and chest greyish-blue with indistinct brown confluent blotches;(19) upper eyelids with few(3–5) very small flat reddish superciliary tubercles;(20) limbs dorsally reddish-brown, ventrally brown with small bluish-white speckles. The new species is also distinct from all congeners in 12 S rRNA to 16 S rRNA mitochondrial DNA fragment sequences(uncorrected genetic distance P8.9%). Advertisement call and tadpole morphology of the new species are described.Our molecular data showed Theloderma auratum sp. nov. to be a sister species of Th. palliatum from Langbian Plateau in southern Vietnam.     

东秦岭地区齿突蟾属一新种记述（两栖纲：角蟾科）

2020年5月在洛阳市嵩县白云山国家森林公园玉皇顶林场（33°38′37″N,111°50′01″E,海拔1 882 m）采集到齿突蟾属（Scutiger）物种9号标本,经形态特征比较及线粒体COI和Cyt b基因联合构建的齿突蟾属部分物种系统发育树显示,采集到的齿突蟾标本系一新种,命名为华夏齿突蟾Scutiger feiliangi Zhou, Guan and Shi, sp. nov.。其主要鉴别特征为：1）体型中等,雄性体长45.7～50.2 mm,雌性体长48.9～51.5 mm;2）头宽略大于头长,鼓膜不显;3）前臂及手长略超过体长之半,后肢较短;4）背面粗糙,布满疣粒;5）指间无蹼,趾间微蹼;6）具两对胸腺,外侧者略小于内侧;7）背部有4行断续排列的纵行肤褶;8）肛周有多个近圆形腺体。同时,对新种华夏齿突蟾的生物学特性进行描述。     

A new oribatid mite species of the genus Sphaerozetes (Acari,Ceratozetidae) from Vietnam

A new oribatid mite species, Sphaerozetes bugiamapensis sp. n., is described from the Bu Gia Map National Park (Vietnam). The genus Sphaerozetes is recorded from Vietnam for the first time.     

Stephanbeckia plumosa (Liabeae: Compositae): A new genus and species from southern Bolivia

Material from southern Bolivia, recently collected by Stephan Beck, is described as a new genus and species, Stephanbeckia plumosa (Compositae: Liabeae). Both morphological and molecular data place the genus in the broadly interpreted subtribe Paranepheliinae, but clearly distinct from other members. It differs morphologically by its small size, deciduous plumose pappus, lack of paleae, and compressed bicostate achenes. A key to the genera of the Liabeae is provided.     

A new genus and three new species of miniaturized microhylid frogs from Indochina(Amphibia: Anura:Microhylidae: Asterophryinae)

We report on the discovery of a new genus of microhylid subfamily Asterophryinae from northern and eastern Indochina, containing three new species.Vietnamophryne Gen. nov. are secretive miniaturized frogs(SVL21 mm) with a mostly semi-fossorial lifestyle. To assess phylogenetic relationships, we studied 12 S rRNA – 16 S rRNA mt DNA fragments with a final alignment of 2 591 bp for 53 microhylid species. Morphological and osteological characters were analyzed using micro-CT scanning and used to describe the new genus. Results of phylogenetic analyses assigned the new genus into the mainly Australasian subfamily Asterophryinae as a sister taxon to the genus Siamophryne from southern Indochina. The three specimens collected from Gia Lai Province in central Vietnam, Cao Bang Province in northern Vietnam, and Chiang Rai Province in northern Thailand proved to be separate species, different both in morphology and genetics(genetic divergence 3.1%≤P≤5.1%). Our work provides further evidence for the "out of Indo-Eurasia"scenario for Asterophryinae, indicating that the initial cladogenesis and differentiation of this group of frogs occurred in the Indochina Peninsula. To date, each of the three new species of Vietnamophryne Gen. nov. is known only from a single specimen; thus,their distribution, life history, and conservation status require further study.     

A new genus and species of Euptychiina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) from southern Brazil

This paper describes a new genus and a new species of Euptychiina from open grassland habitats (campos de cima da serra) in southern Brazil. The systematic position of this new taxon is discussed based on morphological and molecular data, and it is considered sister to Taydebis Freitas. Since the campos vegetation is considered endangered due to anthropogenic activities, this butterfly species deserves attention and should be included in future conservation plans for this biome.     

A new species of Rhacophorus from eastern Thailand (Anura: Rhacophoridae)

A new tree frog of the genus Rhacophorus is described on the basis of specimens collected from Kalasin and Roi Et Provinces, eastern Thailand. It can be distinguished from all other congeners by the combination of: moderate body size (about 38 mm in males and 44 mm in females); brownish dorsum with irregular, dark marking; third finger webbed broadly to base of disk or less on outer side, and fourth finger to distal subarticular tubercle or base of disk; and no dermal appendage on snout, vent, or heel. It is currently known only around the type locality, where habitats suitable for anurans are limited.     

A new species of Osteocephalus (Anura: Hylidae) from Guyana.

A new member of the genus Osteocephalus is described from the Pakaraima mountains of western Guyana. This species is the smallest known member of the genus and is probably closely related to O. subtilis. Both share a small size (less than 40 mm snout-vent length), large and bulgy eyes directed somewhat rostrally, green bones, smooth and brownish dorsal skin, relatively short and truncate snout, small tympanum, subgular and laterally expanded vocal sac, poorly developed subarticular and supernumerary tubercles, a supra-anal glandular ridge, and cream-white venter and subocular region. The new species can be distinguished from O. subtilis by the Buff iris (vs black), smaller overall size (32.7 vs 35.8-38.8 mm snout-vent length), relatively larger toe disks, and less developed foot webbing. The cranium of the new species is well ossified, relatively reduced in width between the orbits, without an exposed frontoparietal fontanelle and with the anterior arm of the squamosal extending to about half the distance to the maxillary. The vocal sac is subgularly poorly developed and possess lateral extensions to the area behind the jaw angles. Well developed supraocular and suprasquamosal cartilages give support to the enlarged eyes of this species.     

New genus, new species of Acanthocephala (Echinorhynchidae) from the Brazilian frog Hylodes phyllodes (Anura: Leptodactylidae)

Anuracanthorhynchus tritaxisentis n. gen., n. sp. from the intestines of the Brazilian frog Hylodes phyllodes (Leptodactylidae) is described and illustrated. Anuracanthorhynchus tritaxisentis n. gen., n. sp., is unique among the echinorhynchid Acanthocephala by possessing a spherical proboscis supporting a small number of hooks of equal size. It is the sixth acanthocephalan species reported from South American anurans.     

A new genus and a new species of the planthopper tribe Eucarpiini (Homoptera,Cixiidae) from Southern Vietnam

A new genus, Pterolophus gen. n., was erected for the single species P. anichkini sp. n. from southern Vietnam. The new genus belongs to the tribe Eucarpiini and differs in a characteristic position of the wings at rest: they are obliquely raised over the abdomen and their inner (= ventral) surfaces are in contact.