共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Renu Pandey Surendra Kumar Meena Vengavasi Krishnapriya Altaf Ahmad Naval Kishora 《Plant cell reports》2014,33(6):919-928
Key message
Genetic variability in carboxylate exudation capacity along with improved root traits was a key mechanism for P-efficient green gram genotype to cope with P-stress but it did not increase grain yield.Abstract
This study evaluates genotypic variability in green gram for total root carbon exudation under low phosphorus (P) using 14C and its relationship with root exuded carboxylates, growth and yield potential in contrasting genotypes. Forty-four genotypes grown hydroponically with low (2 μM) and sufficient (100 μM) P concentrations were exposed to 14CO2 to screen for total root carbon exudation. Contrasting genotypes were employed to study carboxylate exudation and their performance in soil at two P levels. Based on relative 14C exudation and biomass, genotypes were categorized. Carboxylic acids were measured in exudates and root apices of contrasting genotypes belonging to efficient and inefficient categories. Oxalic and citric acids were released into the medium under low-P. PDM-139 (efficient) was highly efficient in carboxylate exudation as compared to ML-818 (inefficient). In low soil P, the reduction in biomass was higher in ML-818 as compared to PDM-139. Total leaf area and photosynthetic rate averaged for genotypes increased by 71 and 41 %, respectively, with P fertilization. Significantly, higher root surface area and volume were observed in PDM-139 under low soil P. Though the grain yield was higher in ML-818, the total plant biomass was significantly higher in PDM-139 indicating improved P uptake and its efficient translation into biomass. The higher carboxylate exudation capacity and improved root traits in the later genotype might be the possible adaptive mechanisms to cope with P-stress. However, it is not necessary that higher root exudation would result in higher grain yield. 相似文献2.
Ying L. Chen Vanessa M. Dunbabin Johannes A. Postma Art J. Diggle Kadambot H. M. Siddique Zed Rengel 《Plant and Soil》2013,372(1-2):319-337
Background & Aims
Searching for root traits underpinning efficient nutrient acquisition has received increased attention in modern breeding programs aimed at improved crop productivity. Root models provide an opportunity to investigate root-soil interactions through representing the relationships between rooting traits and the non-uniform supply of soil resources. This study used simulation modelling to predict and identify phenotypic plasticity, root growth responses and phosphorus (P) use efficiency of contrasting Lupinus angustifolius genotypes to localised soil P in a glasshouse.Methods
Two L. angustifolius genotypes with contrasting root systems were grown in cylindrical columns containing uniform soil with three P treatments (nil and 20 mg P kg?1 either top-dressed or banded) in the glasshouse. Computer simulations were carried out with root architecture model ROOTMAP which was parameterized with root architectural data from an earlier published hydroponic phenotyping study.Results
The experimental and simulated results showed that plants supplied with banded P had the largest root system and the greatest P-uptake efficiency. The P addition significantly stimulated root branching in the topsoil, whereas plants with nil P had relatively deeper roots. Genotype-dependent root growth plasticity in response to P supply was shown, with the greatest response to banded P.Conclusions
Both experimental and simulation outcomes demonstrated that 1) root hairs and root proliferation increased plant P acquisition and were more beneficial in the localised P fertilisation scenario, 2) placing P deeper in the soil might be a more effective fertilisation method with greater P uptake than top dressing, and 3) the combination of P foraging strategies (including root architecture, root hairs and root growth plasticity) is important for efficient P acquisition from a localised source of fertiliser P. 相似文献3.
Pou Alícia Medrano Hipólito Tomàs Magdalena Martorell Sebastià Ribas-Carbó Miquel Flexas Jaume 《Plant and Soil》2012,354(1-2):335-345
Aims
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can control root-knot nematode infection, but the mode of action is still unknown. We investigated the effects of AMF and mycorrhizal root exudates on the initial steps of Meloidogyne incognita infection, namely movement towards and penetration of tomato roots.Methods
M. incognita soil migration and root penetration were evaluated in a twin-chamber set-up consisting of a control and mycorrhizal (Glomus mosseae) plant compartment (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Marmande) connected by a bridge. Penetration into control and mycorrhizal roots was also assessed when non-mycorrhizal or mycorrhizal root exudates were applied and nematode motility in the presence of the root exudates was tested in vitro.Results
M. incognita penetration was significantly reduced in mycorrhizal roots compared to control roots. In the twin-chamber set-up, equal numbers of nematodes moved to both compartments, but the majority accumulated in the soil of the mycorrhizal plant compartment, while for the control plants the majority penetrated the roots. Application of mycorrhizal root exudates further reduced nematode penetration in mycorrhizal plants and temporarily paralyzed nematodes, compared with application of water or non-mycorrhizal root exudates.Conclusions
Nematode penetration was reduced in mycorrhizal tomato roots and mycorrhizal root exudates probably contributed at least partially by affecting nematode motility. 相似文献4.
Autoinhibition and soil allelochemical (cyclic dipeptide) levels in replanted Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Aims and background
Despite increasing knowledge of the role of allelochemicals in the productivity decline of replanted Chinese fir plantations, relatively little is known about the levels and sources of allelochemicals in relation to autoinhibition.Methods
Allelopathic potential of litter, root exudates, and soils in successive rotations of Chinese fir plantations were detected. An allelochemical cyclic dipeptide (6-hydroxy-1,3-dimethyl-8-nonadecyl-[1,4]-diazocane-2,5-dione) from litter, root exudates, and soils in successive rotations was quantified.Results
Extracts of leaf litter, fine root, and root exudates significantly inhibited the growth of Chinese fir germinants, and inhibition increased with successive rotations. Similar results were observed in the rhizosphere soil, basal soil, and bulk soil. The largest observed inhibition occurred in the rhizosphere soil. Furthermore, cyclic dipeptide was found in litter, root exudates, and soils, and the concentrations increased with successive rotations. The rhizosphere soil had the highest cyclic dipeptide level, followed by basal soil, while bulk soil contained the lowest concentration. There was a significant positive relationship between the inhibition of radicle growth of Chinese fir germinants and the concentration of cyclic dipeptide. Annual release of cyclic dipeptide through root exudation was 2.08–9.78 mol ha?1 annum, but the annual release of cyclic dipeptide through leaf litter decomposition was lowered to 0.32–1.41 mol ha?1 annum.Conclusions
Cyclic dipeptide which caused autoinhibition of Chinese fir may be released into the soil through litter decomposition and root exudation. Root exudates provided more contributions to soil cyclic dipeptide levels than litter in Chinese fir plantations. 相似文献5.
Nicolas Legay Emmanuelle Personeni Sophie Slezack-Deschaumes Séverine Piutti Jean-Bernard Cliquet 《Plant and Soil》2014,375(1-2):113-126
Backgrounds and aims
Plant nutrition strategies play a crucial role in community structure and ecosystem functioning. However, these strategies have been established only for nitrogen (N) acquisition, and it is not known whether similar strategies hold for other macronutrients such as sulphur (S). The aim of our study was to determine whether strategies for S acquisition of some grassland species were similar to those observed for N acquisition, and to analyse the relationships between these plant strategies and the soil microbial activity involved in soil organic S mineralisation.Methods
We used three exploitative and three conservative grass species grown with and without S fertilisation. We measured a set of plant traits, namely root and shoot biomass, leaf area, root length, N and S content, leaf nutrient use efficiency, and sulphate uptake rates in plants, and one microbial trait linked to S mineralisation, namely soil arylsulphatase activity.Results
The set of plant traits differentiated exploitative from conservative species. Close relationships were found between traits associated with strategies for N acquisition, namely total N content and Leaf N Use Efficiency (LNUE), and traits associated with strategies for S acquisition, namely total S content and Leaf S Use Efficiency (LSUE). Exploitative species exhibited similar or lower sulphate uptake capacities per unit of biomass than conservative species, but acquired more S through their larger root systems. Greater arylsulphatase activity was observed in the rhizosphere of the most exploitative species.Conclusion
Overall, our results show that nutrient strategies defined in grassland species for N acquisition can be extended to S. 相似文献6.
Effects of biochar amendment on root traits and contaminant availability of maize plants in a copper and arsenic impacted soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Aoife Brennan Eduardo Moreno Jiménez Markus Puschenreiter José Antonio Alburquerque Christine Switzer 《Plant and Soil》2014,379(1-2):351-360
Background and aims
Biochar has been proposed as a tool to enhance phytostabilisation of contaminated soils but little data are available to illustrate the direct effect on roots in contaminated soils. This work aimed to investigate specific root traits and to assess the effect of biochar amendment on contaminant availability.Methods
Amendment with two different types of biochar, pine woodchip and olive tree pruning, was assessed in a rhizobox experiment with maize planted in a soil contaminated with significant levels of copper and arsenic.Results
Amendment was found to significantly improve root traits compared to the control soil, particularly root mass density and root length density. Copper uptake to plants and ammonium sulphate extractable copper was significantly less in the biochar amended soils. Arsenic uptake and extractability varied with type of biochar used but was not considered to be the limiting factor affecting root and shoot development.Conclusions
Root establishment in contaminated soils can be enhanced by biochar amendment but choice of biochar is key to maximising soil improvement and controlling contaminant availability. 相似文献7.
Susan Tandy Susan R. Brittain Barry M. Grail Cameron W. Mcleod Eric Paterson A. Deri Tomos 《Plant and Soil》2013,368(1-2):471-482
Background and aims
Residues from use of depleted uranium (DU) munitions pose a lasting environmental impact through persistent contamination of soils. Consequently, an understanding of the factors determining the fate of DU in soil is necessary. An understudied factor is the interaction of root exudates with DU. This study describes the use of ‘Single-Cell-Sampling-and-Analysis’ (SiCSA) for the first time in soil and investigates the effects of root exudates on DU dissolution.Methods
Soil solutions from soil and plant-soil microcosms containing DU fragments were sampled and analysed using SiCSA and capillary electrophoresis/ICP-MS for organic acids and uranium.Results
Nanolitre volumes of soil solution were sampled and analysed. Soils with DU fragments but no citrate addition showed low uranium concentrations in contrast to those with added citrate. Lupin root exudation gave concentrations up to 8 mM citrate and 4.4 mM malate in soil solution which solubilised DU fragments yielding transient solution concentrations of up to 30 mM.Conclusions
Root exudates solubilise DU giving high localised soil solution concentrations. This should be considered when assessing the environmental risk of DU munitions. The SiCSA method was used successfully in soil for the first time and enables investigations with high spatial and temporal resolution in the rhizosphere.8.
9.
M. Victoria Vignale Leopoldo J. Iannone J. Martín Scervino M. Victoria Novas 《Plant and Soil》2018,422(1-2):267-281
Background and aims
We studied, through exudates employment, the effect of Epichloë (endophytic fungi), both independently and in association with Bromus auleticus (grass), on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization, host and neighbouring plants biomass production and soil changes.Methods
Through in vitro and greenhouse experiments, Epichloë endophytes effect on AMF development was evaluated. In vitro studies of exudates effect on Gigaspora rosea and Rhizophagus intraradices were performed using root or endophyte exudates. A 6-month greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine Bromus auleticus endophytic status effect and endophyte exudates role in biomass production, neighbouring plants mycorrhizal colonization and soil properties.Results
Endophyte exudates and E+ plant root exudates promoted in vitro AMF development in the pre-infective stage of G. rosea and in carrot root culture mycelium of R. intraradices in a dose-response relationship, while control media and E- plants exudates had no effect. R. intraradices colonization and plant growth was clearly increased by endophytes and their exudates.Conclusions
This is the first work evidencing the direct effect of Epichloë endophytes and infected plants root exudates on AMF extramatrical development. While higher levels of AMF colonization were observed in E+ plants, no clear effect was detected in neighbouring plants colonization, plant biomass or soil properties.10.
Nadine R. Sousa Miguel A. Ramos Albina R. Franco Rui S. Oliveira Paula M. L. Castro 《Plant and Soil》2012,359(1-2):245-253
Background and aims
Higher growth rate and morphological traits have been the major criteria for selecting trees in breeding programs. The symbiotic associations between P. pinaster and ectomycorrhizal fungi can be an effective approach to enhance plant development. The aim of this work was to assess whether the establishment of mycorrhizal symbiosis at nursery stage was affected by tree breeding.Methods
Seeds of P. pinaster from a clonal population, designed to select for various traits, and from neighboring wild plants were inoculated with compatible ectomycorrhizal fungi: Suillus bovinus, Pisolithus tinctorius or Rhizopogon roseolus, and grown in individual cells containing forest soil, in a commercial forest nursery. Growth and nutritional traits, colonisation parameters and the fungal community established were assessed.Results
R. roseolus and P. tinctorius were the most efficient isolates in promoting plant development. Inoculated selected saplings had an overall superior development than their wild counterparts, with up to a 4.9-fold in root dry weight and a 13.6-fold increase in the total number of ectomycorrhizal root tips. Differences in fungal community were revealed through the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profile of each treatment.Conclusions
The results from our study suggest that the selected genotype benefits more from the mycorrhizal association and therefore this could be a valuable biotechnological tool for the nursery production of P. pinaster. 相似文献11.
Alireza Nakhforoosh Heinrich Grausgruber Hans-Peter Kaul Gernot Bodner 《Plant and Soil》2014,380(1-2):211-229
Background and Aims
Under limited moisture conditions, roots can play an outstanding role with respect to yield stability by effective absorption of water from soil. A targeted integration of root traits into plant breeding programs requires knowledge on the existing root diversity and access to easy and cost-effective methods. This study aimed to assess wheat root diversity, root properties in relation to water regime, and the efficiency of root capacitance for in situ screening.Methods
Root morphological, anatomical properties and root capacitance of wheat species from different ploidy levels were studied under field conditions in 2 years contrasting in water regime. Soil water content was weekly measured.Results
Significant genotypic differences were observed for most root traits. The investigated genotypes exploited different strategies to maximize soil water depletion, e.g. high topsoil root length density, low tissue mass density, high specific root length, deep rooting and looser xylem vessels. Multivariate statistics of root traits revealed an acceptable genotypic differentiation according to regional origin, genetics and capacity to extract soil water.Conclusions
Under supply-driven environments, dehydration avoidance via water uptake maximization can be achieved through high topsoil rooting density. In this regard, root capacitance can be useful for in situ screening. 相似文献12.
Nan Zhang Dandan Wang Yunpeng Liu Shuqing Li Qirong Shen Ruifu Zhang 《Plant and Soil》2014,374(1-2):689-700
Aim
It is necessary to understand the roles of root exudates involved in plant-microbe interactions to inform practical application of beneficial rhizosphere microbial strains.Methods
Colonization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 (isolated from cucumber rhizosphere) and Bacillus subtilis N11 (isolated from banana rhizosphere) of their original host was found to be more effective as compared to the colonization of the non-host plant. Organic acids in the root exudates of the two plants were identified by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The chemotactic response and effects on biofilm formation were assessed for SQR9 and N11 in response to cucumber and banana root exudates, as well as their organic acids components.Results
Citric acid detected exclusively in cucumber exudates could both attract SQR9 and induce its biofilm formation, whereas only chemotactic response but not biofilm formation was induced in N11. Fumaric acid that was only detected in banana root exudates revealed both significant roles on chemotaxis and biofilm formation of N11, while showing only effects on biofilm formation but not chemotaxis of SQR9.Conclusion
The relationship between PGPR strain and root exudates components of its original host might contribute to preferential colonization. This study advances a clearer understanding of the mechanisms relevant to application of PGPR strains in agricultural production. 相似文献13.
Background and aims
Previous research has suggested that root cortical aerenchyma (RCA) can enhance soil exploration and crop performance by decreasing root respiration. This trait is a potential breeding target for adaptation to abiotic stresses such as drought and low nutrient availability. However, little is known of phenotypic variation in aerenchyma or its distribution among root classes.Methods
The spatial distribution of RCA was evaluated in freehand sections from 13 sites in the root systems of 11 recombinant inbred and commercial lines of maize (Zea mays). RCA variation was evaluated in 583 recombinant inbred lines of maize at one sampling position.Results
RCA varied significantly among root classes and axial positions. Genotypic differences were observed for the amount of RCA at corresponding sampling locations and for the mean amount of RCA across all sampling locations, but genotypes did not differ in the proportional distribution of RCA within the whole root system. The amount of RCA in a cross-section was independent of several other anatomical traits.Conclusions
There is substantial genetic variation for RCA, and this variation is independent of other anatomical traits. RCA can be phenotyped in greenhouse-grown plants by sampling the middle parts of second- or third-whorl crown roots. 相似文献14.
Katrin Huber Jan Vanderborght Mathieu Javaux Natalie Schröder Ian C. Dodd Harry Vereecken 《Plant and Soil》2014,384(1-2):93-112
Aims
A simulation model to demonstrate that soil water potential can regulate transpiration, by influencing leaf water potential and/or inducing root production of chemical signals that are transported to the leaves.Methods
Signalling impacts on the relationship between soil water potential and transpiration were simulated by coupling a 3D model for water flow in soil, into and through roots (Javaux et al. 2008) with a model for xylem transport of chemicals (produced as a function of local root water potential). Stomatal conductance was regulated by simulated leaf water potential (H) and/or foliar chemical signal concentrations (C; H?+?C). Split-root experiments were simulated by varying transpiration demands and irrigation placement.Results
While regulation of stomatal conductance by chemical transport was unstable and oscillatory, simulated transpiration over time and root water uptake from the two soil compartments were similar for both H and H?+?C regulation. Increased stomatal sensitivity more strongly decreased transpiration, and decreased threshold root water potential (below which a chemical signal is produced) delayed transpiration reduction.Conclusions
Although simulations with H?+?C regulation qualitatively reproduced transpiration of plants exposed to partial rootzone drying (PRD), long-term effects seemed negligible. Moreover, most transpiration responses to PRD could be explained by hydraulic signalling alone. 相似文献15.
Harnessing the rhizosphere microbiome through plant breeding and agricultural management 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Matthew G. Bakker Daniel K. Manter Amy M. Sheflin Tiffany L. Weir Jorge M. Vivanco 《Plant and Soil》2012,360(1-2):1-13
Background
The need to enhance the sustainability of intensive agricultural systems is widely recognized One promising approach is to encourage beneficial services provided by soil microorganisms to decrease the inputs of fertilizers and pesticides. However, limited success of this approach in field applications raises questions as to how this might be best accomplished.Scope
We highlight connections between root exudates and the rhizosphere microbiome, and discuss the possibility of using plant exudation characteristics to selectively enhance beneficial microbial activities and microbiome characteristics. Gaps in our understanding and areas of research that are vital to our ability to more fully exploit the soil microbiome for agroecosystem productivity and sustainability are also discussed.Conclusion
This article outlines strategies for more effectively exploiting beneficial microbial services on agricultural systems, and cals attention to topics that require additional research. 相似文献16.
Physiological properties of a drought-resistant wild soybean genotype: Transpiration control with soil drying and expression of root morphology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Thomas M. Seversike Shannon M. Sermons Thomas R. Sinclair Thomas E. Carter Jr. Thomas W. Rufty 《Plant and Soil》2014,374(1-2):359-370
Aims
Wild soybean accession PI 468917 [Glycine soja (Sieb. and Zucc.)] was examined for traits that could potentially be beneficial for development of drought resistant soybean cultivars.Methods
Water use was examined in controlled environment chambers at three temperatures (25, 30, and 35 °C). Root morphology of plants grown in hydroponics was analyzed using digital imaging software.Results
Wild soybean had lower transpiration efficiency in producing mass than the domesticated soybean cultivar Hutcheson at all temperatures. As soil dried, wild soybean decreased transpiration earlier (at a higher soil water content) than domesticated soybean, but only at 25 °C. Wild soybean had much greater root length than the modern soybean when grown at 25 or 30 °C in hydroponics, with the increase observed in the 0.25 to 0.50 mm diameter class. Wild soybean’s advantages dissipated at higher growth temperatures.Conclusions
Wild soybean populations, potentially, can offer useful traits for improving drought resistance of modern soybean. Sensitive transpiration control in response to soil drying would contribute to ‘slow-wilting’ strategies known to be advantageous for drought resistance, and greater root length would enhance water acquisition from the soil profile. Use of the traits in breeding programs will require extending the temperature range for trait expression. 相似文献17.
Isotopic fractionation of Zn in tomato plants suggests the role of root exudates on Zn uptake 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Erik Smolders Liske Versieren Dong Shuofei Nadine Mattielli Dominik Weiss Ivan Petrov Fien Degryse 《Plant and Soil》2013,370(1-2):605-613
Aims
Phytosiderophore-chelated Zn can be absorbed in grasses. Root exudates of dicotyledonous plants can mobilize soil Zn but it is unclear how this affects Zn bioavailability. Stable Zn isotope shifts can indicate exudate-facilitated Zn uptake, since complexation of Zn2+ by organic ligands in solution yields a small, but detectable, enrichment of the heavy Zn isotope due to thermodynamic fractionation.Methods
Tomato seedlings were grown in resin-buffered nutrient solution in which free Zn2+ concentrations are buffered, in a factorial design of two Zn levels and two solution volumes. The latter factor allowed altering the exudate concentrations in the solution. Dissolved Cu concentrations in the resin buffered system were used as a sensitive index of metal mobilization resulting from root activity. In addition, seedlings were grown in Zn deficient soil with and without Zn addition.Results
The dissolved Cu concentration increased with Zn deficiency and was highest at the lowest solution volume, suggesting metal mobilization by root exudates. At low Zn supply, Zn in the plant was enriched in heavy Zn (66Zn) and this was most pronounced at small solution volume. Similarly, Zn deficiency in soil enriched tomato shoot Zn with heavy isotope in this plant.Interpretation
Zinc deficiency increases the contribution of Zn-exudate complexes, which are enriched in the heavy isotope compared to the free ion, to Zn uptake by transporting Zn from the bulk solution or soil to the roots where they likely dissociate and release Zn2+. 相似文献18.
Root hairs explain P uptake efficiency of soybean genotypes grown in a P-deficient Ferralsol 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E. Vandamme M. Renkens P. Pypers E. Smolders B. Vanlauwe R. Merckx 《Plant and Soil》2013,369(1-2):269-282
Background and aims
Incorporating soybean (Glycine max) genotypes with a high nitrogen fixation potential into cropping systems can sustainably improve the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Western Kenya. Nitrogen fixation is, however, often constrained by low phosphorus (P) availability. The selection of soybean genotypes for increased P efficiency could help to overcome this problem. This study investigated the contribution of different root traits to variation in P efficiency among soybean genotypes.Methods
Eight genotypes were grown in a Ferralsol amended with suboptimal (low P) and optimal (high P) amounts of soluble P. Root hair growth was visualized by growing plants in a novel agar system where P intensity was buffered by Al2O3 nanoparticles.Results
In the pot trial, P uptake was unaffected among the genotypes at high P but differed about 2-fold at low P. The genotypes differed in P uptake efficiency but not in P utilization efficiency. Regression analysis and mechanistic modeling indicated that P uptake efficiencies were to a large extent related to root hair development (length and density) and, to a lower extent, to colonization by mycorrhizal fungi.Conclusion
Breeding for improved root hair development is a promising way to increase P uptake efficiency in soybean. 相似文献19.
Aims
This study aimed to determine whether white lupin adaptation to moderately calcareous soils could be enhanced by lime-tolerant plants and Bradyrhizobium strains.Methods
Fourteen landraces from Italy, Morocco and Egypt and some cultivars were grown in moderate-lime (ML) and low-lime (LL) soil with each of two inoculants, one commercial and one including three Bradyrhizobium strains well-nodulating under ML soil (isolated from other lupin species). Grain yield and above-ground biomass were assessed in large artificial environments that mimicked field conditions. Shoot, root and nodulation traits at onset of flowering were studied in a pot experiment.Results
ML soil severely reduced plant yield, growth and nodulation but increased the harvest index relative to LL. Top-yielding genotypes for grain yield displayed significant rank inversion across soil types (P < 0.05). Lime-tolerant genotypes reduced their nodulation in ML soil less than limesusceptible ones. Some landraces outperformed the reference lime-tolerant cultivar Giza 1 in ML soil. One Italian landrace had a lime-tolerant response across agricultural locations. The Moroccan inoculant provided greater nodulation, more shoot residues but similar grain yield in ML soil, and less grain and shoot residues in LL soil, compared with the commercial inoculant.Conclusions
Lupin adaptation to ML soil can be improved mainly through selection of lime-tolerant plants. 相似文献20.
Root porosity, radial oxygen loss and iron plaque on roots of wetland plants in relation to zinc tolerance and accumulation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2