氧化苦参碱对K562肿瘤细胞增殖的影响

目的:研究氧化苦参碱(OM)对人白血痛细胞系K562生长增殖的影响.方法:运用MTT比色法、活细胞计数法、集落形成法以及透射电镜观察检测OM对人白血病细胞系K562增殖抑制作用.结果:MTT实验、生长曲线及集落形成实验显示OM能明显抑制K562细胞的增殖.随着OM浓度的增加,K562细胞存活细胞显著降低,呈现明显的刺量依赖性,经相关分析,细胞抑制率与OM浓度呈正相关(r=0.9010),其半数抑制浓度(IC50)为0.33 mg/ml.透射电镜下显示在低浓度即有明显的诱导细胞凋亡的作用,出现核固缩、核碎裂、凋亡小体等典型的凋亡形态.结论:OM具有抑制K562白血病细胞增殖诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的作用.     

蛋白酶体抑制剂MG132的浓度对人白血病细胞K562凋亡的影响

探讨蛋白酶体抑制剂MG132 在诱导人白血病K562细胞凋亡过程中作用.分别以不同浓度的蛋白酶体抑制剂MG132 处理人白血病细胞K562,通过MTT法检测K562细胞活力,应用Annexin Ⅴ和PI 双染的细胞流式法检测K562细胞凋亡率和细胞内活性氧(ROS) 水平,应用酶标仪法检测K562细胞内Caspase- 3活性变化的情况.结果表明,随着MG132浓度的增加,各个指标与对照组比较差异均有显著性(P<0.05):K562细胞增殖明显受到抑制;细胞凋亡率明显增加,且当MG132浓度为900 nmol/L时,细胞凋亡率达36.5 %;同时,ROS 水平和caspase- 3活性明显升高.因次,蛋白酶体抑制剂MG132可显著抑制人白血病细胞K562增殖并促进其凋亡.     

曲古抑菌素A对慢性髓细胞白血病细胞增殖与凋亡的作用及机制研究

该文研究了去乙酰化酶抑制剂曲古抑菌素A(trichostatin A,TSA)对慢性髓细胞白血病(chronic myeloid leukemia,CML)细胞株K562及K562/G01增殖和凋亡的影响及机制。采用不同浓度TSA处理K562及K562/G01细胞,CCK8和克隆形成实验检测细胞增殖能力;流式细胞术、蛋白印迹法和DAPI染色检测细胞凋亡;蛋白印迹法检测细胞自噬相关蛋白及BCR-ABL/STAT5/c-Myc信号轴蛋白水平。结果显示,TSA显著抑制K562及K562/G01细胞的增殖;明显促进K562及K562/G01细胞的凋亡;TSA与伊马替尼(imatinib,IM)联用可更有效地杀伤CML细胞。TSA可抑制BCR-ABL/STAT5/c-Myc信号轴,降低c-Myc蛋白水平;增强CML细胞自噬,自噬抑制剂氯喹(chloroquine,CQ)可部分回复TSA引起的凋亡。综上,TSA通过抑制STAT5信号通路,降低c-Myc蛋白水平,抑制CML细胞增殖;增强CML细胞自噬,促进其凋亡。     

选择性COX-2抑制剂celecoxib对K562细胞的增殖抑制、凋亡诱导作用和分子机制

环氧化酶(cyclooxygenase, COX)家系被显示与恶性肿瘤的增殖和凋亡耐受有关,COX-2可作为恶性肿瘤治疗和预防的重要分子靶标.应用COX-2特异抑制剂——celecoxib,观察了药物对人慢性粒细胞白血病急变细胞株——K562细胞的增殖抑制和凋亡诱导效应.结果证明,celecoxib能够有效地抑制K562细胞增殖(台盼蓝染色,MTT试验及集落形成抑制试验证实),并呈一定的剂量依赖性.Celecoxib抑制K562细胞增殖的IC₅₀为46 μmol/L.通过DNA ladder胶电泳和流式细胞仪检测,凋亡细胞的AO/EB染色等方法证明celecoxib能够诱导K562细胞凋亡,这一效应与Caspase-3蛋白表达上调和裂解激活有关,当阻断Caspase-3的活性,celecoxib诱导的K562细胞凋亡明显受抑.利用RT-PCR分析技术及蛋白质印迹,证明K562细胞存在COX-2 mRNA和COX-2蛋白表达;而且,K562细胞COX-2蛋白表达可被IL-1β诱导性刺激,从而确认K562细胞为COX-2表达阳性细胞;celecoxib在较高浓度(80～160μmol/L)既可抑制K562细胞COX-2 mRNA表达,也可下调COX-2蛋白质表达,提示celecoxib抗K562白血病细胞活性与COX-2的抑制相关,其抗白血病的分子机制部分涉及到COX-2依赖性途径.     

低浓度丰加霉素对人白血病K562细胞集落形成抑制作用的机制研究

目的初步探讨低浓度丰加霉素对人白血病K562细胞集落形成抑制作用的机制。方法甲基纤维素集落形成实验检测低浓度丰加霉素对人白血病K562细胞集落形成能力的影响;CCK-8法检测低浓度丰加霉素对K562细胞的生长抑制率;AnnexinV／PI双染流式细胞仪检测低浓度丰加霉素作用下的K562细胞凋亡率;PI单染流式细胞仪检测药物作用后细胞的周期分布改变;Western免疫印迹和实时定量PCR检测周期相关分子表达水平变化。结果低浓度丰加霉素对人白血病K562细胞具有较强的集落形成抑制作用;可明显抑制K562细胞的生长,呈时间一剂量依赖性;尽管短时间（48h）的药物处理仅出现轻度的细胞凋亡和周期阻滞,但10nmol/L和30nmol/L的丰加霉素长时间（7d）作用后,K562细胞G0／G1期比例分别是（62．3±1．7）％和（76．9±0．7）％,与对照组（38．9±1．1）％相比差异具有高度统计学意义（P〈0．01）;低浓度丰加霉素长时间作用后诱导K562细胞周期相关分子P16蛋白水平和转录水平的高表达。结论丰加霉素在低浓度,长时间作用于人白血病K562细胞后,具有较强的集落形成抑制和生长抑制作用,此作用可能与诱导细胞周期相关分子p16高表达,导致细胞G0／G1期阻滞有关。     

小分子化合物Me6TREN促进小鼠骨髓中造血干/祖细胞的增殖

目的:探讨小分子化合物Me6TREN对小鼠骨髓中造血干/祖细胞的增殖作用。方法:采用细胞计数、细胞集落形成能力检测、流式细胞术检测细胞表面标志等实验技术,观察Me6TREN对小鼠骨髓细胞的影响。结果:皮下注射Me6TREN 12 h后,Me6TREN组的集落形成能力、造血干/祖细胞表面标志lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+的比例均明显高于对照组;在体外分离培养的小鼠骨髓单个核细胞,4 d后Me6TREN组细胞的集落形成能力及造血干/祖细胞的增殖能力均高于对照组。结论:Me6TREN对小鼠骨髓造血干/祖细胞有一定的促增殖作用。     

JNK信号通路对蜂胶抑制白血病K562细胞增殖的调控作用

目的探讨JNK信号通路对蜂胶抑制K562细胞增殖过程的调控作用。方法体外培养K562细胞,用不同浓度蜂胶、c—Jun氨基末端激酶（c—JanN—terminalkinase,JNK）特异性抑制剂SP600125对白血病K562细胞进行处理,用MTT法检测细胞增殖抑制率,流式细胞术（FCM）检测细胞凋亡率,Western印迹检测JNK下游分子c—Jun以及磷酸化c—Jan（p-c-Jun）的变化。结果蜂胶作用K562细胞后,增殖抑制率、凋亡率显著升高,具有时间和剂量依赖性,并伴随p-c-Jun蛋白水平上调;加入SP600125能下调p-c-Jun的水平,显著提高蜂胶对K562细胞的增殖抑制率和凋亡率。结论JNK信号通路参与了蜂胶抑制K562细胞增殖过程的调控。抑制JNK活性可增强蜂胶对K562细胞的增殖抑制、凋亡诱导作用。     

二烯丙基二硫对人白血病K562细胞增殖及Bcl-2表达的影响

目的:探讨二烯丙基二硫(DADS)对白血病K562细胞增殖的影响,以及Bcl-2表达的调节作用.方法:用DADS预处理白血病K562细胞构建细胞模型,MTT法分别检测不同DADS浓度(5 gmL-1、10 g mL-1、20 g mL-1、40 g mL-1)和不同处理时间(6h、12h、24h、48h)细胞增殖情况,IC50浓度处理白血病K562细胞之后,Western blot和RT-PCR检测Bcl-2蛋白和mRNA表达水平.结果:MTT结果显示DADS能够抑制白血病K562细胞的增殖,且呈剂量和时间依赖性;IC50浓度的DADS处理K562细胞24小时后,Bcl-2蛋白和mRNA的表达量显著减少.结论:DADS可显著抑制K562细胞增殖,而这一作用可能与Bcl-2表达下调有关.     

红景天苷对骨髓抑制贫血小鼠造血祖细胞增殖的影响

采用造血祖细胞培养技术,观察红景灭苷体内给药和细胞培养直接用药对骨髓抑制贫血小鼠造血祖细胞增殖和骨髓有核细胞数目的影响.结果显示,体内用药能显著增加BMC数目,促进BFU-E、CFU-E、CFU-GM和CFU-Meg集落形成(P<0.05);在一定浓度下,体外用药也能显著促进BFU-E、CFU-E、CFU-GM和CFU-Meg集落形成(P<0.05).结果提示,红景天苷可能通过间接或直接作用刺激骨髓抑制贫血小鼠造血祖细胞的增殖来促进造血功能的恢复.     

抑制c-Met信号通路可增加白血病细胞株对硼替佐米的化疗敏感性

本研究通过下调c-Met来观察白血病细胞株K562对抗肿瘤药物硼替佐米的敏感性,以此探索c-Met信号对白血病细胞株的增殖、凋亡等的影响,为临床上寻求治疗白血病新方案提供理论依据。本研究首先采用MTT实验初步判断硼替佐米对K562细胞的增殖能力的影响;再构建c-Met干扰载体转染K562细胞,并采用Real-time PCR检测干扰效果,筛选最适干扰质粒。然后采用筛选的c-Met干扰质粒转染细胞,分别使用MTT法检测细胞增殖能力、软琼脂克隆形成实验检测细胞克隆能力、流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况。结果显示硼替佐米对K562细胞的增殖具有显著抑制作用(p0.05),且这种抑制作用具有浓度依赖性。c-Met干扰质粒构建及干扰效果检测实验中发现,随着转染时间的延长,绿色荧光信号越来越强,表明转染效率越来越高。但Real-time检测结果发现,3个干扰质粒中仅c-Met-Homo-1和c-Met-Homo-3干扰质粒对c-Met的表达具有明显抑制效果(p0.05),且c-Met-Homo-3干扰质粒干扰效果较好。使用c-Met-Homo-3干扰质粒转染细胞后发现,c-Met下调能够显著增强硼替佐米对K562细胞增殖的抑制作用(p0.05),且增强硼替佐米对K562细胞克隆形成的抑制能力,同时增强了硼替佐米诱导的K562细胞的凋亡。本研究结论为,下调c-Met能够增加白血病细胞株K562对硼替佐米的化疗敏感性。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.