Verticillium wilt of the hop: fluctuating outbreaks in wilt-resistant varieties

New varieties of hop resistant to progressive Verticillium wilt are now widely grown and generally give acceptable disease control in commercial plantations, but on a few farms their normal high level of resistance is not maintained. The incidence of wilt on one such farm is analysed in detail. At this site wilt was not directly associated with plant death, as it is in a sensitive variety. In a discussion on etiological aspects of wilt in resistant varieties it is concluded that while seasonal fluctuations in disease incidence are influenced by climatic conditions, high mean incidence is related to undefined, intrinsic soil factors. Attention is directed to the analogous forms of disease resulting from host/pathogen interactions in which resistance and virulence are either both high or both low.     

The effect of a nitrification inhibitor on the concentration of nitrate in grass during growth

Summary In an experiment on clay-loam soil ammonium sulphate with or without the nitrification inhibitor 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine (at 2% of the weight of N in fertilizer) or sodium nitrate were applied at 100 or 200 lb N/acre to the seedbed before sowing S22 Italian ryegrass and again after the first cut. Eighty-four days after the first dressing, all the grass given 100 lb N/acre contained similar amounts of nitrate-N; with 200 lb N/acre, grass given ammonium sulphate alone contained most nitrate-N and grass given ammonium sulphate plus inhibitor least. Forty-two days after the second dressing, all the grass given 100 lb N/acre again contained similar amounts of nitrate-N and with 200 lb N/acre, grass given sodium nitrate contained most nitrate-N and that given ammonium sulphate plus inhibitor least.     

Nutrient content of the moist tropical forest of Ghana

Summary The total weight of vegetation on an area of just over 1 acre of old secondary forest in the moist forest zone of Ghana has been determined, and found to be equivalent to roughly 150 tons per acre dry weight. The nutrient content of each component of the vegetation was also determined and showed that the amounts of the major nutrients immobilised in the vegetation were: N, 1,800 lb./acre; P, 120 lb./acre; K, 800 1b./acre; Ca, 2,400 lb./acre; Mg, 350 lb./acre. The corresponding amounts of nutrients in the top foot of soil supporting the vegetation were: total N, 4,100 lb./acre; available P, 11 lb./acre; exchangeable K, 580 lb./acre; exchangeable Ca, 2,300 lb./acre; exchangeable Mg, 330 lb./acre. About half the nutrients stored in the vegetation were contained in readily combustible material, and except for N would be released to the soil if the forest were cleared and burnt for cultivation. The quantity of roots and the amounts of nutrients contained in them were not sufficiently great to make an important addítion to the nutrient supply in the soil during subsequent cultivation. Of the total quantity of roots supporting the vegetation 85.5 per cent by weight were within 1 foot of the soil surface.     

THE PHYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF D.D.T., B.H.C., PARATHION AND TOXAPHENE ON TOBACCO

No phytotoxic effect was seen following a pre-sowing spray of tobacco seed-beds with 27 lb./acre technical D.D.T. or after an application of the same material at 75.6 lb./acre to 3-week-old tobacco seedlings.
A pre-sowing application of parathion (diethyl para nitrophenyl thiophosphate) (2 % dust) at 1–8 lb. parathion per acre had no harmful effect. Used on 3-week-old tobacco seedlings at the excessive rate of 22.7 lb./acre it caused serious stunting and many deaths.
Toxaphene (chlorinated camphene: empirical formula C₁₀H₁₀Cl₈), applied as a 25 % wettable powder in a pre-sowing spray at 6-4 lb. toxaphene per acre, did not injure tobacco seedlings.
No residual phytotoxic effects appeared in beds re-sown 4 months after being treated with parathion or toxaphene at the pre-sowing doses given above.
Benzene hexachloride, applied before sowing at doses above 1.6 lb. technical B.H.C. per acre, suppressed root development in newly germinated tobacco seedlings. B.H.C. dusts used on n-day-old seedlings at 2–25 lb. technical B.H.C. per acre caused temporary distortion and stunting. Up to 11 lb./acre these symptoms were transitory: at 37.5 lb./acre many plants were killed and the remainder severely stunted. Resistance to these phytotoxic effects increased with age of plant, but 3-week-old tobacco seedlings showed considerable mortality after the application of 75.6 lb./acre of technical B.H.C.
Beds re-sown 4 months after the application of 6-4 and 12.8 lb. respectively of technical B.H.C. per acre showed no phytotoxic effect, but, as tobacco seed is sown on the soil surface, the effect of the B.H.C. may have been merely masked, and it is not safe to assume that there was no residual effect. The actual persistence of B.H.C. in the soil was not determined.
The possible mechanism of action of the B.H.C. effect is discussed.     

The influence of normal tillage and of non-cultivation on Verticillium wilt of the hop

The influence of a non-cultivation (herbicide) regime on wilt incidence was compared with that of normal tillage in three observation trials on commercial hop farms. Non-cultivation resulted, on average, in 28% wilt control when wilt incidence was high. When wilt incidence was low there was a tendency for more wilt to occur with non-cultivation. The reduction in wilt under non-cultivation was probably mainly due to the virtually complete eradication throughout the year of alternative weed host plants, but other possible influential factors were: (i) the absence of root severance which could result in increased inoculum potential, (ii) changes in the pattern of hop root distribution, and (iii) the inhibiting action of simazine on root growth in surface soil resulting in reduced contact between roots and surface-borne inoculum. The lack of disease control with non-cultivation when wilt incidence was low was attributed to differential effects of the treatments on nitrogen metabolism or availability. The factors contributing to disease control under non-cultivation were considered to represent aspects of the process of sanitation, and the data were interpreted in terms of the sanitation ratio (sensu van der Plank). When wilt incidence was high the sanitation ratios at the three sites were similar. Modified cultural practices provide an important supplement to genetic resistance in the control of hop wilt. These practices (restricted use of nitrogen fertilizers and efficient sanitation with respect to the crop plant as well as to weeds) have proved economical and beneficial for hop culture in presence of wilt, under the threat of wilt, and in the absence of wilt.     

The effects on soil fauna of insecticides tested against wireworms (Agriotes spp.) in wheat

The organophosphorus insecticides Bayer 38156 (O-ethyl S-p-tolyl ethyl phosphonodithioate), trichloronate, Stauffer N 2790 (O-ethyl S-phenyl ethyl phosphonodithioate), thionazin and fenitrothion were compared with aldrin, dieldrin and γ-BHC for their effects on soil fauna, particularly wire-worms, and on crop yields in 1964 and 1965. At 1·5 lb active ingredient/acre, none of the organophosphates had as great an effect on wireworms as an aldrin spray at 2·25 lb a.i./acre or a dieldrin seed dressing at 2·25 lb a.i./acre. Some treatments significantly increased and some significantly decreased numbers of mites and Collembola. Except for Allolobophora chlorotica in plots treated with Bayer 38156, earthworm numbers were greater in plots sprayed with Bayer 38156 or aldrin, or sown with dieldrin-dressed seeds, than in untreated plots. In May 1964, one month after sowing, untreated plots had significantly fewer plants than plots sprayed with aldrin, trichloronate or Bayer 38156, or sown with γ-BHC or dieldrin-dressed seeds, but yields from untreated plots at harvest were high for such a large wireworm population and did not differ significantly from yields of treated plots in either year. The persistence of thionazin and Bayer 38156 in treated plots was measured by a bioassay using Collembola. Bayer 38156 was detected in plots 1 month after spraying but not after 6 months. Thionazin left detectable residues 1 month after spraying in the two acid plots but not in the two alkaline plots. More frequent samples taken from thionazin-treated plots in 1965 showed a similar pattern of persistence, and laboratory tests, using soil mixed with various amounts of powdered calcium carbonate, confirmed that thionazin persisted longer in more acid soils.     

The composition of the leachate through cropped and uncropped soils in lysimeters compared with that of the rain

Summary The composition of the leachate from undisturbed monolith lysimeters cropped with white clover or meadow fescue or maintained bare was compared with that of the rain falling on them. No nitrogen fertilizer was applied only an initial dressing of phosphorus and potassium. The grass received much more nitrogen from the rain than it lost by leaching whereas the clover lost more than it received. Most of the leached nitrogen was NO₃-N - 92 per cent on the bare soil and 90 per cent on the clover. About 27lb nitrogen per acre (30 kg/ha) per year was drained from the actively growing clover sward rising to about 117lb N/acre/year (131 kg/ha) when the clover died or was removed. Only 2.3lb/ac (2.5 kg/ha) was drained from the actively growing grass sward. It was estimated that the clover fixed at least 270lb N/ac/year (303 kg/ha/year. The rates of leaching of potassium from a grass sward was about 1.7lb/ac/year (1.9 kg/ha) and 0.8 lb (0.9 kg) phosphorus. The quantities were similar for clover. The grass received from the rain more phosphorus and potassium than was leached but only 60 per cent of the calcium and 13 per cent of the magnesium, similar results being obtained with white clover. During the year of establishment of the grass sward there was evidence of loss of gaseous nitrogen (elemental and/or compound) from the soil: subsequently the nitrogen content of the soil slowly increased. Calcium loss from the bare soil with an average rainfall of 26″ (650 mm) was about 100 lb Ca/ac/year (112 kg/ha).     

Effect of different soil types,pH and phosphorus levels on the wheat seedling and the incidence ofPythium graminicolum

Summary In the present study, the effect of different types of soil, pH and phosphorus levels on root, shoot development and browning extent on shoot of wheat seedlings growth in soil inoculated withPythium graminicolum; was studied. Out of the four soil types the development of root and shoot was better in Domatta soil where as the disease development was more in black clay soil. The pH values below 5.5 and above 8.0 are favourable for the root and shoot development whereas these values are unfavourable for the development of the Pythium and consequently for infection by it. The percentage of browning of the collar region was more in soils near neutral (pH 6.5–7.1) and it was less in acidic (pH 5.0) or alkaline (pH 8.6) soils. The development of wheat roots and shoot in soil with 30 lb/acre phosphorus was good as compared to that in soil with P₀, P_15,45 and P₆₀ lb/acre in inoculated soil. The percentage of extent of browning on collar region was less at 15 lb and 30 lb/acre P, due to less development of the disease.     

Importance of timing,spore concentrations,and levels of spore carrier in applications of Nosema locustae (Microsporida: Nosematidae) for control of grasshoppers

In a study of microbial control of grasshoppers, Nosema locustae was applied to 10-acre plots in 2 replications of 24 treatment combinations in which the factors were (1) times of applications: 4 applications spaced over 22 days; (2) concentrations of spores: 1, 30, and 900 spores/in²; and (3) levels of the spore carrier: 1 and 4 lb wheat bran/acre. The concentrations of spores had the most effect in reducing the densities of grasshoppers and the incidence of infection among the survivors at the last sampling (coincided with the initiation of oviposition), the average reduction in density attributed to application of 1 spore/in² was 21%, that attributed to 30 spores/in² was 46%, and that attributed to 900 spores/in² was 73%. The first and second applications caused the greatest reductions in density; the second, third, and fourth applications produced the highest incidence of infections. Also, a higher incidence of infection was observed among grasshoppers from plots treated with 30 spores/in² on 1 lb bran/acre than from plots treated with 30 spores/in² on 4 lb of bran/acre. Therefore, a ratio of about 0.63–0.94 billion spores/lb bran applied at a rate of 1–1.5 lb/acre (= 100–150 spores/in²) at the time when the principal early summer species are third-instar nymphs would have resulted in overall reductions in density of 50–60%, with 35–50% of the survivors sufficiently infected so that fecundity would probably be affected. The reductions and incidence of infections would be higher in species that readily accept and use wheat bran, among which are some of the more economically important species of grasshoppers.     

Growth and wilt (Verticillium dahliae) development in strawberry cultivars over a transition between two soil series

On a site infested with V. dahliae the incidence of wilt was low consistently in strawberry cvs Talisman and Redgauntlet, high in Merton Herald and Gorella, and very high in Merton Ruby, Cambridge Vigour, Prizewinner, Templar and Crusader. Changes in mean volume per plant for the whole population of each cultivar were closely related to disease incidence and therefore differed between high-resistance and low-resistance cultivars. Height and spread measurements of diseased and symptomless plants in certain cultivars showed differences in the severity of the effect of the pathogen on growth that were not closely related to wilt incidence. Gradients of disease incidence and plant growth in 1966 and 1967 were associated with a transition from one soil series to another. Review of two earlier experiments on the same site revealed a similar gradient of disease incidence in 1963-64, but a reversed gradient in 1960-62. Variations related to soil conditions were smaller in the earlier experiments than in 1966-67.     

Evaluation of the effectiveness of a consortium of three plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria for biocontrol of cotton Verticillium wilt

We investigated the biocontrol efficacy of a consortium of three rhizobacteria (hereafter BBS) against cotton Verticillium wilt, along with the effect on plant growth, in a series of greenhouse and field experiments. BBS treatment inhibited germination of Verticillium dahliae spores by 88.4%. Under greenhouse conditions, BBS reduced Verticillium wilt by 86.1% compared to the untreated control, and promoted plant growth by 49.9%. In field experiments, nine L/acre of BBS suspension reduced Verticillium wilt by 76.0% and increased cotton yields by 13.7%. Soil inoculation with BBS also improved the breaking tenacity and uniformity index of harvested cotton. Soil properties improved with BBS treatment in field experiments, including an increase in organic matter and the availability of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). There was no significant difference in the biocontrol efficacy of BBS among eight tested cotton cultivars.     

Nitrogen contribution from the soil for herbage growth

Summary and conclusions 1. Possible sources of free nitrogen are enumerated and evaluation has been attempted in respect of a West of Scotland soil.2. The total annual contribution of nitrogen to the soil from all free sources could be of the order 100–120 lb N per acre (=101–130 kg N per ha).3. Assuming that two thirds of this is harvestable in grassland then 66–80 lb N may be expected in the absence of added fertilizer nitrogen.4. The observed value for the nitrogen uptake by the grass component in a mixed sward (perennial ryegrass and white clover) in its third year (1965) amounted to 66 lb/N/acre.5. The uptake of nitrogen by perennial ryegrass grown alone without added fertilizer amounted to 89 and 65 lb in 1964 and 1965 respectively. These results corroborate the values for estimated nitrogen contribution outlined in (3) above and also agree well with the experimental findings of (4).6. Since the amount of nitrogen in the grass monoculture was similar to that obtained by the grass when grown in association with clover (1965 Data) it would therefore indicate that white clover did not materially affect the nitrogen uptake by perennial ryegrass.     

Relationship between soil properties and incidence of pine wilt disease at stand level

This study was conducted to evaluate and compare soil properties between pine stands either damaged or undamaged by pine wilt disease in Jinju and Sacheon Cities, which are areas in Korea severely affected by the disease. Soil physical and chemical properties were generally similar between damaged and undamaged pine stands. There was no significant difference in soil factors related to soil nutrient fertility between damaged and undamaged pine stands, although the incidence of pine wilt disease was affected by soil clay content, which was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the damaged (24.8%) than in the undamaged (20.1%) pine stands. However, this relationship should be treated with caution because small scale topographical variation may simply reflect the incidence of pine wilt disease. The results suggest that incidence of pine wilt disease was not influenced by soil nutrient properties at a small stand scale.     

生物有机肥对土壤微生物群落结构变化及西瓜枯萎病的调控

【目的】研究施用生物有机肥处理土壤后对西瓜枯萎病发生的影响,明确可能与西瓜枯萎病发病密切相关的土壤微生物群落结构。【方法】设置2组不同年份材料对比,依次为施用生物有机肥后2016年发病期(CK2016、T12016)和2017年发病期(CK2017、T12017)。基于16S r RNA序列测定,利用Illumina Miseq高通量测序平台对施用生物有机肥后不同年份的土壤微生物群落组成和差异进行测序分析。【结果】试验结果发现,不同年份的土壤微生物群落中alpha多样性指数并无明显的差异,但是施用生物有机肥后的土壤相比对照土壤中细菌群落多样性略有增高。不同年份土壤细菌群落结构在门水平上差异不显著,其中变形菌门和硬壁菌门是构成这两个年份土壤细菌的重要组成部分,同时也是比较稳定的微生物类群。在属水平上分析发现主要动态变化菌属为芽孢杆菌属、肠球菌属、乳球菌属及水恒杆菌属。通过Spearman分析发现它们与西瓜枯萎病发生率的关系均为负相关。【结论】施用生物有机肥可帮助西瓜连作土壤的生态修复,对枯萎病防治起到一定的作用。通过对施用生物有机肥的不同年份土壤微生物种群结构动态变化及对枯萎病发生率呈正负相关的微生物菌属的分析研究,为如何利用调节土壤微生物群落结构来防治西瓜枯萎病提供了新的思路。     

Effects of temperature and rainfall on the incidence of wilt (Verticillium albo-atrum) in hops

Wilt incidence in certain hop cultivars recorded during 15 years of experiments on a plot infested with a virulent strain of V. albo-atrum, and over shorter periods on various infested farm sites, was studied by multiple regression analysis in relation to rainfall and soil temperature at various periods during the growing season. In the least-resistant cultivar, Fuggle, the incidence of wilt was always high, and was independent of rainfall and soil temperature. Wilt incidence in other cultivars showed a negative correlation with mean soil temperature at 20 cm for the period mid-April to late June; no other single or multiple regression was consistently significant. It was concluded that the commonly observed association of high wilt incidence with wet weather in early summer is attributable to low soil temperature rather than to high rainfall.     

The effect of levels of calcium sulphate on the yield and composition of a grass and clover pasture

Summary 1. Gypsum was applied at various levels to a grass-clover association, and its effect noted on the yields and composition of both components.2. Both clover and grass responded markedly and a three-fold increase in dry matter and a four-fold increase in yield of N were noted.3. The extra nitrogen in the grass was shown to have been derived almost certainly by underground transference from the clover, the amount involved approximating to the amount of N retained in the aerial part of the clover.4. Whilst a high proportion of the S applied was recovered at rates up to 50 lb gypsum per acre, a low recovery was obtained from greater applications, and as residual SO₄ was very low, it is presumed that SO₄ was readily leached during one or two periods of heavy summer rainfall. The ease with which SO₄ is lost by leaching may merit attention to forms, times and rates of application of S.5. Nearly all the S in the clover was organic, whereas a big fraction of the S in the grass was SO₄-S. In regions where atmospheric returns of S are small and where no S is being made available from the weathering of S-containing minerals, S must be applied in some form or other to promote optimum N-fixation by legumes as grass may utilise almost all the mineral N and S made available from soil organic matter.6. Over large areas of the South Island of New Zealand it is doubtful if more than 1 lb S per acre is returned annually from the atmosphere and the application of S is of some considerable importance to promote N-fixation by clovers and hence high production from grass-clover associations.     

Spatial distribution and association of banana (Musa spp.) Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense) epidemics with biophysical factors in southwestern Ethiopia

Abstract

Field surveys were conducted in 2014 and 2015 to determine the distribution and association of wilt incidence with biophysical factors. Spatio-temporal analysis of wilt epidemics in the farms revealed a wide distribution of the disease. Cropping year, district, cultivar, crop density, planting date, weeding, sucker and bud management, source of moisture and planting materials, presence/absence of wilt in neighboring farms, disease management practices, farmers awareness towards wilt diseases, planting date and cropping system were significantly associated with disease incidence in a multiple-variable model. A wilt incidence of ≤30% had high probability of association to good weed, sucker and male bud management practices, high level of farmers awareness towards wilt, low population density, disease-free suckers, rainfed production, absence of wilt in neighboring farms and good disease management schemes. Findings of this study showed Fusarium wilt is a major constraint and need for on-farm trainings to concerned bodies about wilt management schemes.     

EFFECTS OF CULTURAL TREATMENTS ON WHEAT AND ON THE INCIDENCE OF EYESPOT, LODGING, TAKE-ALL AND WEEDS. Field Experiments 1945–8

An experiment was made on the fourth, fifth and sixth successive crops of winter wheat to determine the effects of various treatments on the troubles which result from close cereal cropping. Eyespot and lodging were prevalent in the first year (1946); weeds in the second; eyespot, lodging, take-all and weeds in the third.
Spraying with H₂SO₄ reduced the incidence of eyespot, lodging and weeds, and increased yield of grain on plots which received sulphate of ammonia (by 2.7, 2.2 and 10.0 cwt./acre in successive years).
Sulphate of ammonia increased the incidence at harvest of eyespot and lodging, reduced take-all and consistently increased yield of straw. Eyespot and lodging reduced the effect of the fertilizer on yield of grain, take-all increased it.
Increase in seed rate increased the incidence of severe eyespot and of take-all; it increased lodging except when plants were dwarfed by take-all.
Weight of straw and percentage straws with severe eyespot lesions independently affected lodging, together accounting for 51% of the variance in percentage area lodged at harvest and 64 % of that lodged 33 days earlier.
Mean yields of grain on untreated plots sown with 3.3 1/2 bushels seed/acre fell from 26.0 to 22.5 to 11.7 cwt./acre in successive years, whereas yields of 28.4, 29.9 and 29.1 cwt./acre were obtained on sprayed plots sown with 1 1/2.2 bushels seed/acre which received 4 cwt./acre sulphate of ammonia, showing that high yields were maintained when eyespot, lodging, take-all and weeds were controlled.
By 1948 yields of grain on unsprayed plots had fallen to the level of those on similarly manured plots on the continuous wheat experiment on Broadbalk field. Spraying increased grain by amounts similar to those resulting from one year's fallow on Broadbalk; but fallow had its greatest effects on plots with low nitrogen, spraying on those with high nitrogen.     

Impact of compost application on Fusarium wilt disease incidence and microelements contents of basil plants

Fusarium oxysporum was isolated from stem of basil plants showing symptoms of wilt, stem blight and collar root rot. Pathogenicity tests indicated that F. oxysporum f. sp. basilici is the causal agent of this disease. This is the first report of this pathogen in Egypt. The suppressive effects of six types of composts on Fusarium wilt disease incidence in basil were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. The effectiveness of these composts and their relation to the microelements content in treated plants was also assessed. Soil treatments with Khaya and Eucalyptus composts significantly reduced the infection percentage and disease severity of basil wilt. Otherwise, the applications of Araucaria, Datura, Ficus and Azadirachta composts showed no effect on both infection percentage and disease severity. Moreover, the Khaya and Eucalyptus compost treatments increased the levels of Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn) and Manganese (Mn) in treated basil plants than application of Araucaria, Datura, Ficus and Azadirachta composts. In the case of Copper (Cu) content, it was significantly higher only in Eucalyptus-compost-treated plants than in other compost applications. These composts not only reduced the disease incidence but also increased both fresh and dry weight (FW and DW) and microelements contented in basil treated plants. In general, although soil amendment with either Khaya or Eucalyptus compost can reduce the disease incidence of Fusarium wilt on basil plants, microelements contented; FW and DW of these effects can be variable depending on their levels added in soil. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the use of compost in the soil as an organic fertiliser increased exchangeable form of microelements in the soil and also the availability of these elements by basil plants.     

Effect of mustard green manure and dried plant residue on chickpea wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris)

Pot experiments were carried out in the green house at Amhara Regional Agriculture Research Institute (ARARI) Bahirdar, Ethiopia, to evaluate the potential of Brassica carinata cultivars, namely Holleta-l, S-67 and Yellow Dodola in 2007 and 2008. The effect of B. carinata (Ethiopian mustard) cultivars Holleta-1, S-67 and Yellow Dodola as green manure and Holleta-1 as dried plant residue on chickpea fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris) was studied. Six rates of green manure and dried plant residue (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 g) each per kg of pathogen-infested soil were used in the experiments. Infested soil without B. carinata cultivars amendment as a control and susceptible check variety JG-62 without amendment was used in the experiments. In the experiments, the treatments were arranged in randomised complete block design in three replications and repeated twice. Data on seedling emergence, wilt incidence, fresh weight and dry weight were collected. The amendments of infested soil with B. carinata cultivars green manure and dried plant residue reduced the incidence of chickpea fusarium wilt. The incorporation of the green manure Holleta-1, S-67 and Yellow Dodola at 20–100 g/kg of infested soil was effective in reducing wilt incidences on chickpea. However, the incorporation of Yellow Dodola at 80 and 100 g green manure per kg of infested soil were the best combination in reducing significantly wilt incidence. The application of the dried plant residue at 20–100 g/kg of infested soil was effective in reducing wilt incidences on chickpea. However when applied dried plant residue at 60, 80 and 100 g green manure per kg of infested soil were better in reducing wilt incidence as compared to 20 and 40 g/kg of infested soil. The three cultivars green manure incorporated at different level of doses affected the influence of fusarium wilt on the fresh and dry weight respectively. The use of Holleta-1 green manure at 20–100 g/kg of infested soil significantly reduced disease incidence in the range of 20.0–33.3%. Green manure amendment S-67 significantly reduced disease incidence in the range of 20.0–46.6%. Yellow Dodola reduce disease incidence with 26.7–60%. The dried plant residue incorporated at different level influence fusarium wilt. The application of Holleta-1 dried plant residue at 20–100 g/kg of infested soil reduced disease incidence in the range 20.0–26.7%. The results imply the potential of using B. carinata green manure and dried plant residue as cultural management components in chickpea fusarium wilt disease management.