Gerbich blood group deficiency of the Ge:-1,-2,-3 and Ge:-1,-2,3 types. Immunochemical study and genomic analysis with cDNA probes

Human erythrocytes carry several transmembrane glycoproteins, among which the two minor species associated with the blood group Gerbich (Ge) antigens, GP C and GP D, play pivotal role since they interact with the membrane cytoskeleton and contribute to maintain the normal red cell shape. On the red cells from two categories of homozygous donors lacking the Ge determinants (Ge:-1,-2,-3 and Ge:-1,-2,3), GP C and GP D are missing but instead there is a new glycoprotein, easily detected by SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, which exhibits some properties shared by GP C and GP D. This was shown by immunochemical analyses with a murine monoclonal antibody, extraction of the glycoproteins by organic solvents and binding studies with the 125I-labelled Lens culinaris lectin. The red cells from obligate heterozygotes for the Ge:-1,-2,-3 condition also carry this new glycoprotein component but in a much lesser amount than expected on the basis of one gene dose response. Using a cDNA probe containing the coding sequence of human GP C and the entire 3' untranslated region of its mRNA, we have demonstrated by Southern analyses that the Ge:-1,-2,-3 and the Ge:-1,-2,3 conditions are associated with a constant 3-kbp deletion within the GP C gene. Similar studies indicated that this gene is present as a unique copy per haploid genome of Ge-positive control donors (Ge:1,2,3). To account for these data and for the glycoprotein profile of Ge-negative erythrocytes, it is proposed that a unique Gerbich gene encodes for GP C and GP D, either by alternative RNA splicing or by different post-translational events, and that, following a 3-kbp deletion within this gene, a new glycoprotein having properties common to GP C and GP D can be produced.     

Meeting Report: EMBL Conference - Omics and Personalized Medicine: February 16-18, 2012, Heidelberg, Germany

The first EMBL conference on "Omics and Personalized Medicine", jointly organized by Rudi Balling (LCSB, Luxembourg), Leroy Hood, Wolfgang Huber (EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany) and Lars Steinmetz (EMBL) addresses the potential and challenges of translating systems biology research into the clinic. This meeting report provides a highlight of the conference, covering not only the science, but also social and legal issues.     

The 14-3-3 Proteins: Gene,Gene Expression,and Function

14-3-3 Proteins were discovered by Moore and Perez in the soluble extract of bovine brain. These proteins are highly abundant in the brain. In this review 14-3-3 cDNA cloning, nucleotide sequence of 14-3-3 cDNA, the structure of 14-3-3 gene and 14-3-3 gene expression, in situ hybridization of 14-3-3 mRNA in the brain, the function and regulation of 14-3-3 protein, the binding of 14-3-3 protein to other proteins, the effects of 14-3-3 protein on the binding of a protein to other proteins, and the effect on protein kinase, etc., are concisely described. From the recent rapid development of proteom technology, markedly more target proteins of 14-3-3 protein should be discovered.