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1.
QTL affecting fitness of hybrids between wild and cultivated soybeans in experimental fields 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yosuke Kuroda Akito Kaga Norihiko Tomooka Hiroshi Yano Yoshitake Takada Shin Kato Duncan Vaughan 《Ecology and evolution》2013,3(7):2150-2168
The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting fitness of hybrids between wild soybean (Glycine soja) and cultivated soybean (Glycine max). Seed dormancy and seed number, both of which are important for fitness, were evaluated by testing artificial hybrids of G. soja × G. max in a multiple‐site field trial. Generally, the fitness of the F1 hybrids and hybrid derivatives from self‐pollination was lower than that of G. soja due to loss of seed dormancy, whereas the fitness of hybrid derivatives with higher proportions of G. soja genetic background was comparable with that of G. soja. These differences were genetically dissected into QTL for each population. Three QTLs for seed dormancy and one QTL for total seed number were detected in the F2 progenies of two diverse cross combinations. At those four QTLs, the G. max alleles reduced seed number and severely reduced seed survival during the winter, suggesting that major genes acquired during soybean adaptation to cultivation have a selective disadvantage in natural habitats. In progenies with a higher proportion of G. soja genetic background, the genetic effects of the G. max alleles were not expressed as phenotypes because the G. soja alleles were dominant over the G. max alleles. Considering the highly inbreeding nature of these species, most hybrid derivatives would disappear quickly in early self‐pollinating generations in natural habitats because of the low fitness of plants carrying G. max alleles. 相似文献
2.
RFLP mapping of QTLs conferring salt tolerance during germination in an interspecific cross of tomato 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
M. R. Foolad F. Q. Chen G. Y. Lin 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(7):1133-1144
Most cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) are sensitive to salinity during seed germination and at later stages. Genetic resources for salt tolerance have been identified
within the related wild species of tomato. The purpose of the present study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs)
for salt tolerance during germination in an inbred backcross (BC1S1) population of an interspecific cross between a salt-sensitive tomato breeding line (NC84173, maternal and recurrent parent)
and a salt-tolerant Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium accession (LA722). Onehundred and nineteen BC1 individuals were genotyped for 151 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers and a genetic linkage map was
constructed. The parental lines and 119 BC1S1 families (self-pollinated progeny of 119 BC1 individuals) were evaluated for germination at an intermediate salt-stress level (150 mM NaCl+15 mM CaCl2, water potential approximately −850 kPa). Germination was scored visually as radicle protrusion at 8-h intervals for 28 consecutive
days. Germination response was analyzed by survival analysis and the time to 25, 50, and 75% germination was determined. In
addition, a germination index (GI) was calculated as the weighted mean of the time from imbibition to germination for each
family/line. Interval mapping, single-marker analysis and distributional extreme analysis, were used to identify QTLs and
the results of all three mapping methods were generally similar. Seven chromosomal locations with significant effects on salt
tolerance were identified. The L. pimpinellifolium accession had favorable QTL alleles at six locations. The percentage of phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by individual
QTLs ranged from 6.5 to 15.6%. Multilocus analysis indicated that the cumulative action of all significant QTLs accounted
for 44.5% of the total phenotypic variance. A total of 12 pairwise epistatic interactions were identified, including four
between QTL-linked and QTL-unlinked regions and eight between QTL-unlinked regions. Transgressive phenotypes were observed
in the direction of salt sensitivity. The graphical genotyping indicated a high correspondence between the phenotypes of the
extreme families and their QTL genotypes. The results indicate that tomato salt tolerance during germination can be improved
by marker-assisted selection using interspecific variation.
Received: 29 January 1998 / Accepted: 4 June 1998 相似文献
3.
The performance of first‐generation hybrids determines to a large extent the long‐term outcome of hybridization in natural populations. F1 hybrids can facilitate further gene flow between the two parental species, especially in animal‐pollinated flowering plants. We studied the performance of reciprocal F1 hybrids between Rhinanthus minor and R. major, two hemiparasitic, annual, self‐compatible plant species, from seed germination to seed production under controlled conditions and in the field. We sowed seeds with known ancestry outdoors before winter and followed the complete life cycle until plant death in July the following season. Germination under laboratory conditions was much lower for the F1 hybrid formed on R. major compared with the reciprocal hybrid formed on R. minor, and this confirmed previous results from similar experiments. However, this difference was not found under field conditions, which seems to indicate that the experimental conditions used for germination in the laboratory are not representative for the germination behaviour of the hybrids under more natural conditions. The earlier interpretation that F1 hybrid seeds formed on R. major face intrinsic genetic incompatibilities therefore appears to be incorrect. Both F1 hybrids performed at least as well as and sometimes better than R. minor, which had a higher fitness than R. major in one of the two years in the greenhouse and in the field transplant experiment. The high fitness of the F1 hybrids confirms findings from naturally mixed populations, where F1 hybrids appear in the first year after the two species meet, which leads to extensive advanced‐hybrid formation and introgression in subsequent generations. 相似文献
4.
QTL Mapping of Downy Mildew Resistance in an Introgression Line Derived from Interspecific Hybridization Between Cucumber and Cucumis hystrix 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Downy mildew (DM), caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Rostovzev, is a worldwide major disease of cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.). By screening 10 introgression lines (ILs) derived from interspecific hybridization between cucumber and the wild Cucumis, C. hystrix, through a whole plant assay, one introgression line (IL52) was identified with high DM‐resistance. IL52 was further used as a resistant parent to make an F2 population with ‘changchunmici’ (susceptible parent). The F2 population (300 plants) was investigated for DM‐yellowing, DM‐necrosis and DM‐resistance in the adult stage. A genetic map spanning 642.5 cM with 104 markers was constructed and used for QTL analysis from the population. Three QTL regions were identified on chromosome 5 and chromosome 6. By interval mapping analysis, two QTLs for DM‐resistance were determined on chromosome 5 (DM_5.1 and DM_5.2), which explained 17.9% and 14.2% of the variation, respectively. QTLs for DM‐yellowing were in the same regions as DM‐resistance. For DM‐necrosis, by interval mapping analysis, one QTL was determined on chromosome 5 (Necr_5.1) that explained 18.3% of the variation and one on chromosome 6 (Necr_6.1) that explained 13.9% of the variation. Our results indicated that the identification of molecular markers linked to the QTLs could be further applied for marker‐assisted selection (MAS) of downy mildew resistance in cucumber. 相似文献
5.
Mapping quantitative trait loci controlling seed dormancy and heading date in rice, Oryza sativa L., using backcross inbred lines 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
S. Y. Lin T. Sasaki M. Yano 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,96(8):997-1003
To detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling seed dormancy, 98 BC1F5 lines (backcross inbred lines) derived from a backcross of Nipponbare (japonica)/Kasalath (indica)//Nipponbare were analyzed genetically. We used 245 RFLP markers to construct a framework linkage map. Five putative QTLs
affecting seed dormancy were detected on chromosomes 3, 5, 7 (two regions) and 8, respectively. Phenotypic variations explained
by each QTL ranged from 6.7% to 22.5% and the five putative QTLs explained about 48% of the total phenotypic variation in
the BC1F5 lines. Except for those of the QTLs on chromosome 8, the Nipponbare alleles increased the germination rate. Five putative
QTLs controlling heading date were detected on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7, respectively. The phenotypic variation explained
by each QTL for heading date ranged from 5.7% to 23.4% and the five putative QTLs explained about 52% of the total phenotypic
variation. The Nipponbare alleles increased the number of days to heading, except for those of two QTLs on chromosomes 2 and
3. The map location of a putative QTL for heading date coincided with that of a major QTL for seed dormancy on chromosome
3, although two major heading-date QTLs did not coincide with any seed dormancy QTLs detected in this study.
Received: 10 October 1997 / Accepted: 12 January 1998 相似文献
6.
Uttam Kumar Arun K. Joshi Sundeep Kumar Ramesh Chand Marion S. Röder 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,118(4):783-792
Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a destructive disease of wheat in warm and humid wheat growing regions of the world. The development of disease resistant
cultivars is considered as the most effective control strategy for spot blotch. An intervarietal mapping population in the
form of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from a cross ‘Yangmai 6’ (a Chinese source of resistance) × ‘Sonalika’
(a spot blotch susceptible cultivar). The 139 single seed descent (SSD) derived F6, F7, F8 lines of ‘Yangmai 6’ × ‘Sonalika’ were evaluated for resistance to spot blotch in three blocks in each of the 3 years. Joint
and/or single year analysis by composite interval mapping (CIM) and likelihood of odd ratio (LOD) >2.2, identified four quantitative
trait loci (QTL) on the chromosomes 2AL, 2BS, 5BL and 6DL. These QTLs were designated as QSb.bhu-2A, QSb.bhu-2B, QSb.bhu-5B and QSb.bhu-6D, respectively. A total of 63.10% of phenotypic variation was explained by these QTLs based on the mean over years. Two QTLs
on chromosomes 2B and 5B with major effects were consistent over 3 years. All QTL alleles for resistance were derived from
the resistant parent ‘Yangmai 6’. 相似文献
7.
Hongxu Dong Siyao Liu Lindsay V. Clark Shailendra Sharma Justin M. Gifford John A. Juvik Alexander E. Lipka Erik J. Sacks 《Global Change Biology Bioenergy》2018,10(3):165-185
Improving biomass yield is a major goal of Miscanthus breeding. We conducted a study on one interspecific Miscanthus sinensis × Miscanthus sacchariflorus F1 population and two intraspecific M. sinensis F1 populations, each of which shared a common parent. A field trial was established at Urbana, IL during spring 2011, and phenotypic data were collected in 2012 and 2013 for fourteen yield traits. Six high‐density parental genetic maps, as well as a consensus genetic map integrating M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus, were developed via the pseudotestcross strategy for noninbred parents with ≥1214 single‐nucleotide polymorphism markers generated from restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing. We confirmed for the first time a whole‐genome duplication in M. sacchariflorus relative to Sorghum bicolor, similar to that observed previously for M. sinensis. Four quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis methods for detecting marker‐trait associations were compared: (1) individual parental map composite interval mapping analysis, (2) individual parental map stepwise analysis, (3) consensus map single‐population stepwise analysis and (4) consensus map joint‐population stepwise analysis. These four methods detected 288, 264, 133 and 109 total QTLs, which resolved into 157, 136, 106 and 86 meta‐QTLs based on QTL congruency, respectively, including a set of 59 meta‐QTLs common to all four analysis methods. Composite interval mapping and stepwise analysis co‐identified 118 meta‐QTLs across six parental maps, suggesting high reliability of stepwise regression in QTL detection. Joint‐population stepwise analysis yielded the highest resolution of QTLs compared to the other three methods across all meta‐QTLs. Strong, frequently advantageous transgressive segregation in the three populations indicated a promising future for breeding new higher‐yielding cultivars of Miscanthus. 相似文献
8.
Tuomas Hämälä Tiina M. Mattila Päivi H. Leinonen Helmi Kuittinen Outi Savolainen 《Molecular ecology》2017,26(13):3484-3496
Seed germination is an important developmental and life history stage. Yet, the evolutionary impact of germination has mainly been studied in the context of dormancy, or for its role in reproductive isolation between species. Here, we aim to examine multiple consequences of genetic divergence on germination traits between two Arabidopsis lyrata subspecies: ssp. petraea (Eurasia) and ssp. lyrata (North America). Postdormancy germination time, a potentially adaptive trait, showed differentiation between the populations, and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping revealed that the trait variation is mainly controlled by two antagonistic loci. These QTL areas contain several candidate genes with known function in postdormancy germination in A. thaliana. The sequence variation of three genes was consistent with differential selection, and they also included fixed nonsynonymous substitutions with potential to account for the phenotypic differentiation. We further show that the divergence between the subspecies has led to a slight but significant reduction in hybrid germination proportions, indicating incipient reproductive isolation. Comparison of reciprocal F1 and F2 progenies suggests that Bateson–Dobzhansky–Muller incompatibilities likely act through uniparentally inherited factors. Examination of genomewide transmission ratio distortion further revealed that cytonuclear interactions cause substantial pregermination inviability in the hybrids. These results confirm that seed germination has adaptive potential beyond the dormancy stage and that hybrid seed inviability can be one of the first reproductive barriers to arise during divergence. 相似文献
9.
U. Kumar A. K. Joshi S. Kumar R. Chand M. S. R?der 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2010,26(3):477-491
Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a destructive disease of wheat in warm and humid wheat growing regions of the world. To identify quantitative trait loci
(QTLs) for spot blotch resistance, two mapping populations were developed by making the crosses between common susceptible
cultivar ‘Sonalika’ with the resistant breeding lines ‘Ning 8201’ and ‘Chirya 3’. Single seed descent derived F6, F7, F8 lines of the first cross ‘Ning 8201’ × ‘Sonalika’ were evaluated for resistance to spot blotch in three blocks in each of
the 3 years. After screening of 388 pairs of simple sequence repeat primers between the two parents, 119 polymorphic markers
were used to genotype the mapping population. Four QTLs were identified on the chromosomes 2AS, 2BS, 5BL and 7DS and explained
62.9% of phenotypic variation in a simultaneous fit. The QTL on chromosome 2A was detected only in 1 year and explained 22.7%
of phenotypic variation. In the second cross (‘Chirya 3’ × ‘Sonalika’), F7 and F8 population were evaluated in three blocks in each of the 2 years. In this population, five QTLs were identified on chromosomes
2BS, 2DS, 3BS, 7BS and 7DS. The QTLs identified in the ‘Chirya 3’ × ‘Sonalika’ population explained 43.4% of phenotypic variation
in a simultaneous fit. The alleles for reduced disease severity in both the populations were derived from the respective resistant
parent. The QTLs QSb.bhu-2B and QSb.bhu-7D from both populations were placed in the same deletion bins, 2BS1-0.53-0.75 and 7DS5-0.36-0.61, respectively. The closely
linked markers Xgwm148 to the QTL on chromosome 2B and Xgwm111 to the QTL on chromosome 7D are potentially diagnostic markers for spot blotch resistance. 相似文献
10.
C. C. Parker G. Sokoloff E. Leung S. L. Kirkpatrick A. A. Palmer 《Genes, Brain & Behavior》2013,12(7):714-722
Using chromosome substitution strains (CSS), we previously identified a large quantitative trait locus (QTL) for conditioned fear (CF) on mouse chromosome 10. Here, we used an F2 cross between CSS‐10 and C57BL/6J (B6) to localize that QTL to distal chromosome 10. That QTL accounted for all the difference between CSS‐10 and B6. We then produced congenic strains to fine‐map that interval. We identified two congenic strains that captured some or all the QTL. The larger congenic strain (Line 1: 122.387121–129.068 Mb; build 37) appeared to account for all the difference between CSS‐10 and B6. The smaller congenic strain (Line 2: 127.277–129.068 Mb) was intermediate between CSS‐10 and B6. We used haplotype mapping followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction to identify one gene that was differentially expressed in both lines relative to B6 (Rnf41) and one that was differentially expressed between only Line 1 and B6 (Shmt2). These cis‐eQTLs may cause the behavioral QTLs; however, further studies are required to validate these candidate genes. More generally, our observation that a large QTL mapped using CSS and F2 crosses can be dissected into multiple smaller QTLs shows a weaknesses of two‐stage approaches that seek to use coarse mapping to identify large regions followed by fine‐mapping. Indeed, additional dissection of these congenic strains might result in further subdivision of these QTL regions. Despite these limitations, we have successfully fine‐mapped two QTLs to small regions and identified putative candidate genes, showing that the congenic approach can be effective for fine‐mapping QTLs . 相似文献
11.
Identification of quantitative trait loci controlling sucrose content in soybean (Glycine max) 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Maughan P.J. Maroof M.A. Saghai Buss G.R. 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2000,6(1):105-111
Sucrose is a primary constituent of soybean (Glycine max) seed; however, little information concerning the inheritance of seed sucrose in soybean is available. The objective of this research was to use molecular markers to identify genomic regions significantly associated with quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling sucrose content in a segregating F2 population. DNA samples from 149 F2 individuals were analyzed with 178 polymorphic genetic markers, including RFLPs, SSRs, and RAPDs. Sucrose content was measured on seed harvested from each of 149 F2:3 lines from replicated field experiments in 1993 and 1995. Seventeen marker loci, mapping to seven different genomic regions, were significantly associated with sucrose variation at P<0.01. Individually, these markers explained from 6.1% to 12.4% of the total phenotypic variation for sucrose content in this population. In a combined analysis these genomic regions; explained 53% of total variation for sucrose content. No significant evidence of epistasis among QTLs was observed. Comparison of our QTL mapping results for sucrose content and those previously reported for protein and oil content (the other major seed constituents in soybean), suggests that seed quality traits are inherited as clusters of linked loci or that `major' QTLs with pleiotropic effects may control all three traits. Of the seven genomic regions having significant effects on sucrose content, three were associated with significant variation for protein content and three were significantly associated with oil content. 相似文献
12.
This study was conducted to identify randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers associated with quantitative trait
loci (QTLs) conferring salt tolerance during germination in tomato. Germination response of an F2 population (2000 individuals) of a cross between UCT5 (Lycopersicon esculentum, salt-sensitive) and LA716 (L. pennellii, salt-tolerant) was evaluated at a salt-stress level of 175 mM NaCl+17.5 mM CaCl2 (water potential ca. –9.5 bars). Germination was scored visually as radicle protrusion at 6-h intervals for 30 consecutive
days. Individuals at both extremes of the response distribution (i.e., salt-tolerants and salt-sensitives) were selected.
The selected individuals were genotyped for 53 RAPD markers and allele frequencies at each marker locus were determined. The
linkage association among the markers was determined using a “Mapmaker” program. Trait-based marker analysis (TBA) identified 13 RAPD markers at eight genomic regions that were associated with
QTLs affecting salt tolerance during germination in tomato. Of these genomic regions, five included favorable QTL alleles
from LA716, and three included favorable alleles from UCT5. The approximate effects of individual QTLs ranged from 0.46 to
0.82 phenotypic standard deviation. The results support our previous suggestion that salt tolerance during germination in
tomato is polygenically controlled. The identification of favorable QTLs in both parents suggests the likelihood of recovering
transgressive segregants in progeny derived from these genotypes. Results from this study are discussed in relation to using
marker-assisted selection in breeding for salt tolerance.
Received: 16 June 1997 / Revision received: 11 August 1997 / Accepted: 2 September 1997 相似文献
13.
Mapping QTL controlling maize deep-seeding tolerance-related traits and confirmation of a major QTL for mesocotyl length 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Zhang H Ma P Zhao Z Zhao G Tian B Wang J Wang G 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,124(1):223-232
Deep-seeding tolerant seeds can emerge from deep soil where the moisture is suitable for seed germination. Breeding deep-seeding
tolerant cultivars is becoming increasingly important in arid and semi-arid regions. To dissect the quantitative trait loci
(QTL) controlling deep-seeding tolerance traits, we selected a tolerant maize inbred line 3681-4 and crossed it with the elite
inbred line-X178 to generate an F2 population and the derivative F2:3 families. A molecular linkage map composed of 179 molecular markers was constructed, and 25 QTL were detected including 10
QTL for sowing at 10 cm depth and 15 QTL for sowing at 20 cm depth. The QTL analysis results confirmed that deep-seeding tolerance
was mainly caused by mesocotyl elongation and also revealed considerable overlap among QTL for different traits. To confirm
a major QTL on chromosome 10 for mesocotyl length measured at 20 cm depth, we selected and self-pollinated a BC3F2 plant that was heterozygous at the markers around the target QTL and homozygous at other QTL to generate a BC3F3 population. We found that this QTL explained more phenotypic variance in the BC3F3 population than that in the F2 population, which laid the foundation for fine mapping and NIL (near-isogenic line) construction. 相似文献
14.
Chuchuan Fan Guangqin Cai Jie Qin Qingyuan Li Minggui Yang Jianzhong Wu Tingdong Fu Kede Liu Yongming Zhou 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,121(7):1289-1301
Seed weight is an important component of grain yield in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), but the genetic basis for the important quantitative trait is still not clear. In order to identify the genes for seed
weight in oilseed rape, QTL mapping for thousand seed weight (TSW) was conducted with a doubled haploid (DH) population and
an F2 population. A complete linkage map of the DH population was constructed using 297 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Among
nine TSW QTLs detected, two major QTLs, TSWA7a and TSWA7b, were stably identified across years and collectively explained 27.6–37.9% of the trait variation in the DH population. No
significant epistatic interactions for TSW detected in the DH population indicate that the seed weight variation may be primarily
attributed to additive effects. The stability and significance of TSWA7a and TSWA7b were further validated in the F2 population with different genetic backgrounds. By cloning BnMINI3a and BnTTG2a, two B. napus homologous genes to Arabidopsis thaliana, allele-specific markers were developed for TSWA5b and TSWA5c, two TSW QTLs on A5, respectively. The importance of the major and minor QTLs identified was further demonstrated by analysis
of the allelic effects on TSW in the DH population. 相似文献
15.
Fine mapping of quantitative trait loci Hd-1, Hd-2 and Hd-3, controlling heading date of rice, as single Mendelian factors 总被引:32,自引:0,他引:32
T. Yamamoto Y. Kuboki S. Y. Lin T. Sasaki M. Yano 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(1-2):37-44
Fine mapping was carried out on three putative QTLs (tentatively designated as Hd-1 to Hd-3) of five such QTLs controlling heading date in rice that had been earlier identified using an F2 population derived from a cross between a japonica variety, ‘Nipponbare’, and an indica variety, ‘Kasalath’, using progeny backcrossed with ‘Nipponbare’ as the recurrent parent. One BC3F2 and two BC3F1 plants, in which the target QTL regions were heterozygous and most other chromosomal regions were homozygous for the ‘Nipponbare’
allele, were selected as the experimental material. Self-pollinated progeny (BC3F2 and BC3F3) of the BC3F1 or BC3F2 showed continuous variation in days to heading. By means of progeny testing based on BC3F3 or BC3F4 lines, we determined the genotypes of each BC3F2 or BC3F3 individual at target QTLs. Their segregation patterns fitted Mendelian inheritance ratios. When the results obtained by RFLP
analysis and progeny tests were combined, Hd-1, Hd-2 and Hd-3 were mapped precisely on chromosomes 6, 7 and 6, respectively, of a rice RFLP linkage map. The results demonstrated that
QTLs can be treated as Mendelian factors. Moreover, these precise locations were in good agreement with the regions estimated
by QTL analysis of the initial F2 population, demonstrating the high reliability of QTL mapping using a high-density linkage map.
Received: 5 November 1997 / Accepted: 10 February 1998 相似文献
16.
Elena Pérez-Vega Astrid Pañeda Cristina Rodríguez-Suárez Ana Campa Ramón Giraldez Juan José Ferreira 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,120(7):1367-1380
The objective of this research was to determine the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling phenological traits (days to
flowering, days to end of flowering, days to harvest as green pod, and days to maturity), seed size traits (seed length, seed
height, seed width, and seed weight), and seed quality traits (water absorption, and coat proportion), in common bean. A population
of 104 F7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from an inter-gene pool cross between Xana, and Cornell 49242, was used to develop
a genetic linkage map including 175 AFLPs, 27 microsatellites, 30 SCARs, 33 ISSRs, 12 RAPDs, 13 loci codifying for seed proteins,
and the four genes Fin,fin (growth habit); Asp,asp (seed coat shininess); P,p (seed color); and I,i (resistance to bean common mosaic virus). The map has a total length of 1,042 cM distributed across 11 linkage groups aligned
to those of the core linkage map of bean using common molecular markers as anchor points. The QTL analyses were carried out
over three environments using the mean environment data with composite interval mapping. Thirty-one QTLs for ten traits were
found to be significant in at least one environment and in the mean environment data, the number of significant QTLs identified
per trait ranging from two to five. Twenty-seven of these QTLs mapped forming clusters in eight different chromosomal regions.
The rationale for this clustered mapping and the possible relationship between some QTLs for phenological traits and the genes
Fin and I are discussed. 相似文献
17.
XUEQING HUANG JOHANNA SCHMITT LISA DORN CONVERSE GRIFFITH SIGI EFFGEN SHAUN TAKAO MAARTEN KOORNNEEF KATHLEEN DONOHUE 《Molecular ecology》2010,19(7):1335-1351
Colonizing species may often encounter strong selection during the initial stages of adaptation to novel environments. Such selection is particularly likely to act on traits expressed early in development since early survival is necessary for the expression of adaptive phenotypes later in life. Genetic studies of fitness under field conditions, however, seldom include the earliest developmental stages. Using a new set of recombinant inbred lines, we present a study of the genetic basis of fitness variation in Arabidopsis thaliana in which genotypes, environments, and geographic location were manipulated to study total lifetime fitness, beginning with the seed stage. Large‐effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for fitness changed allele frequency and closely approached 90% in some treatments within a single generation. These QTLs colocated with QTLs for germination phenology when seeds were dispersed following a schedule of a typical winter annual, and they were detected in two geographic locations at different latitudes. Epistatically interacting loci affected both fitness and germination in many cases. QTLs for field germination phenology colocated with known QTLs for primary dormancy induction as assessed in laboratory tests, including the candidate genes DOG1 and DOG6. Therefore fitness, germination phenology, and primary dormancy are genetically associated at the level of specific chromosomal regions and candidate loci. Genes associated with the ability to arrest development at early life stages and assess environmental conditions are thereby likely targets of intense natural selection early in the colonization process. 相似文献
18.
Na‐Young Ro On‐Sook Hur Joung‐Ho Lee Jin‐Kyung Kwon Byoung‐Cheorl Kang 《Plant biotechnology journal》2018,16(9):1546-1558
Capsaicinoids are unique compounds produced only in peppers (Capsicum spp.). Several studies using classical quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping and genomewide association studies (GWAS) have identified QTLs controlling capsaicinoid content in peppers; however, neither the QTLs common to each population nor the candidate genes underlying them have been identified due to the limitations of each approach used. Here, we performed QTL mapping and GWAS for capsaicinoid content in peppers using two recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations and one GWAS population. Whole‐genome resequencing and genotyping by sequencing (GBS) were used to construct high‐density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) maps. Five QTL regions on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 10 were commonly identified in both RIL populations over multiple locations and years. Furthermore, a total of 109 610 SNPs derived from two GBS libraries were used to analyse the GWAS population consisting of 208 C. annuum‐clade accessions. A total of 69 QTL regions were identified from the GWAS, 10 of which were co‐located with the QTLs identified from the two biparental populations. Within these regions, we were able to identify five candidate genes known to be involved in capsaicinoid biosynthesis. Our results demonstrate that QTL mapping and GBS‐GWAS represent a powerful combined approach for the identification of loci controlling complex traits. 相似文献
19.
QTL mapping for plant-height traits has not been hitherto reported in high-oil maize. A high-oil maize inbred ‘GY220’ was
crossed with two dent maize inbreds (‘8984’ and ‘8622’) to generate two connected F2:3 populations. Four plant-height traits were evaluated in 284 and 265 F2:3 families. Single-trait QTL mapping and multiple-trait joint QTL mapping was used to detect QTLs for the traits and the genetic
relationship between plant height (PH) and two other plant-height traits. A total of 28 QTLs and 12 pairs of digenic interactions
among detected QTLs for four traits were detected in the two F2:3 families. Only one marker was shared between the two populations. Joint analysis of PH with ear height (EH) and PH with top
height (TH) detected 32 additional QTLs. Our results showed that QTL detection for PH was dependent on the genetic background
of dent corn inbreds. Multiple-trait joint QTL analysis could increase the number of detected QTLs. 相似文献
20.
Maria?Hernandez-Valladares Jan?Naessens John?P.?Gibson Anthony?J.?Musoke Sonal?Nagda Pascal?Rihet Onesmo?K.?ole-MoiYoi Fuad?A.?Iraqi
We developed an F11 AIL population from an F1 cross of A/J (susceptible) and C57BL/6J (resistant) mouse strains. One thousand F11 mice were challenged with P.c. chabaudi 54X, and 340 mice selected from the phenotypic extremes for susceptibility and resistance were genotyped for microsatellite markers on Chromosomes (Chrs) 5, 8, and 17. QTL originally detected in backcross and F2 populations were confirmed on the three chromosomes within narrower genomic regions, by maximum likelihood and regression analyses. Each of the previously mapped QTL on Chrs 5 and 17 resolved into two linked QTLs. The distal and proximal QTLs on Chrs 5 and 17, respectively, map to the previously reported QTL. 相似文献