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El-Bayoumy K Das A Russell S Wolfe S Jordan R Renganathan K Loughran TP Somiari R 《Journal of Proteomics》2012,75(3):1018-1030
The use of regular yeast (RY) and selenium-enriched yeast (SEY) as dietary supplement is of interest because the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer (NPC) trial revealed that SEY but not RY decreased the incidence of prostate cancer (PC). Using two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) approach, we performed proteomic analysis of RY and SEY to identify proteins that are differentially expressed as a result of selenium enrichment. 2D-DIGE revealed 96 candidate protein spots that were differentially expressed (p ≤ 0.05) between SEY and RY. The 96 spots were selected, sequenced by LC/MS/MS and 37 proteins were unequivocally identified. The 37 identified proteins were verified with ProteinProphet software and mapped to existing Gene Ontology categories. Furthermore, the expression profile of 5 of the proteins with validated or putative roles in the carcinogenesis process, and for which antibodies against human forms of the proteins are available commercially was verified by western analysis. This study provides evidence for the first time that SEY contains higher levels of Pyruvate Kinase, HSP70, and Elongation factor 2 and lower levels of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 5A-2 and Triosephosphate Isomerase than those found in RY. 相似文献
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典型湿地植物与湿地农田作物铁含量的季节变化特征 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
分析了三江平原自然湿地的优势种小叶章(Calamagrostis angustifolia)、乌拉苔草(Carex meyeriana)、毛苔草(C. lasiocarpa)和湿地农田中的大豆(Giycine max)和水稻(Oryza sativa)各器官铁含量的季节变化特征。结果表明:3种湿地植物各器官的铁含量呈金字塔构型,成熟期(9月)时位于金字塔尖的叶的铁含量约为位于塔底的下草根层(地下20~30 cm)的3.08%、4.42%和1.18%;幼龄期(5月)的铁含量垂直剖面Logistic拟合很好,R2分别达1.0000、0.9902和0.9954;整个生长季地下部分铁含量均逐渐降低,而地上部分具有种间和器官间差异。相比之下,农作物大豆和水稻的铁库主要集中在地下根系中,且随生长季的延长而逐渐富集;地上部分的铁含量远低于根系,其中地上部分又以叶的含铁量最高,随生长期的延长有所增加,平均增长率分别为5.67%和75.61%;成熟期作为种子的大豆和稻米铁含量最低,仅相当于同期根铁含量的5.50%和0.44%。不同物种间相同器官铁含量的差异随生长期不同而变化。湿地植物对土壤铁的富集能力要大于湿地农田作物。 相似文献
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Eleftheria Stavridou Scott D. Young Kristian Thorup-Kristensen 《Plant and Soil》2012,351(1-2):149-160
Background and Aims
Selenium (Se) is an essential nutrient for humans and animals. In order to ensure an optimal concentration of Se in crops, Se fertilisers are applied. Catch crops may be an alternative way to increase Se concentrations in vegetables.Methods
Three experiments in Denmark between 2007–10 investigated the ability of catch crops (Italian ryegrass, fodder radish and hairy vetch) under different fertiliser regimes to reduce soil Se content in the autumn and to increase its availability in spring to the succeeding crop.Results and Conclusions
The catch crops (Italian ryegrass and fodder radish) increased water-extractable Se content in the 0.25–0.75?m soil layer in only one of the experiments. Selenium uptake by the catch crops varied between 65 and 3263?mg?ha?1, depending on species, year and fertilisation treatment; this corresponded to 0.1–3.0% of the water-extractable soil Se content. The influence of catch crops on Se concentrations and uptake in onions and cabbage was low. There was a decrease in Se uptake and recovery of applied Se by onions following catch crops, which might indicate Se immobilisation during catch crop decomposition. 相似文献5.
Background and Aims
Green roofs are constructed ecosystems where plants perform valuable services, ameliorating the urban environment through roof temperature reductions and stormwater interception. Plant species differ in functional characteristics that alter ecosystem properties. Plant performance research on extensive green roofs has so far indicated that species adapted to dry conditions perform optimally. However, in moist, humid climates, species typical of wetter soils might have advantages over dryland species. In this study, survival, growth and the performance of thermal and stormwater capture functions of three pairs of dryland and wetland plant species were quantified using an extensive modular green roof system.Methods
Seedlings of all six species were germinated in a greenhouse and planted into green roof modules with 6 cm of growing medium. There were 34 treatments consisting of each species in monoculture and all combinations of wet- and dryland species in a randomized block design. Performance measures were survival, vegetation cover and roof surface temperature recorded for each module over two growing seasons, water loss (an estimate of evapotranspiration) in 2007, and albedo and water capture in 2008.Key Results
Over two seasons, dryland plants performed better than wetland plants, and increasing the number of dryland species in mixtures tended to improve functioning, although there was no clear effect of species or habitat group diversity. All species had survival rates >75 % after the first winter; however, dryland species had much greater cover, an important indicator of green roof performance. Sibbaldiopsis tridentata was the top performing species in monoculture, and was included in the best treatments.Conclusions
Although dryland species outperformed wetland species, planting extensive green roofs with both groups decreased performance only slightly, while increasing diversity and possibly habitat value. This study provides further evidence that plant composition and diversity can influence green roof functions. 相似文献6.
砂硒因沙子具有透气保水的特性,同时硒释放相对缓慢,能提供稳定的硒来源,是比较理想的富硒蔬果培养基质。为了探讨缓释砂硒对绿甘蓝富硒作用和生长的影响,该研究设置对照组(CK),实验组缓释砂硒(CT)、鸡粪和砂硒1∶1混合(CT1)、鸡粪和砂硒1∶2混合(CT2)和鸡粪(CT3) 5个处理。结果表明:CT、CT1和CT2处理的绿甘蓝硒含量比CK分别增加45%、61%和64%,逐步回归分析表明绿甘蓝硒含量和土壤硒含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05); CT2处理的效果最好,绿甘蓝的产量增加45%,叶片厚度增加22.78%,水分利用效率提高56.66%。土壤锰含量和硒含量共同解释了绿甘蓝生物量变化的72%,而土壤锌含量解释绿甘蓝水分利用效率变化的66%。这表明砂硒添加后,通过增加土壤硒含量提高绿甘蓝硒含量,砂硒和鸡粪配比更有效地提高了绿甘蓝硒含量并促进其生长。 相似文献
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黄土高原南部旱作水分产量潜势计算模型及其参数修正 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
建立了旱作水分产量潜势计算模型 ,并对模型中的主要参数 (光能利用率、作物产量反应系数和作物系数等 )进行了修正 ,同时提出作物耗水量和水分订正系数等的估算方法 .冬小麦水分产量潜势为 530 0~ 630 0 kg· hm- 2 ,春玉米为 770 0~ 90 0 0 kg·hm- 2 .此外 ,本文还对农田水分条件进行了评价 ,指出黄土高原南部的东部地区水分条件较差 ,有较大的灌溉增产潜力 . 相似文献
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In Finland commercial fertilizers have been enriched with sodium selenate since July 1, 1984 in order to compensate for the
poor selenium content of the soil. Fertilizers that are used for the production of hay and fodder were supplemented with 6
mg/kg of selenium, whereas fertilizers used for the production of cereals were supplemented with a higher dose, 16 mg/kg fertilizer.
The effects of selenium fertilization were first seen in dairy products in June 1985, and from the beginning of August 1985,
the effect was evident also in wheat flour, beef, and bovine liver.
In this study the selenium status of 108 healthy young adults has been systematically documented since November 1985, at which
time the mean selenium serum level (S-Se) was 1.05 umol/L. A steady increase was observed until November 1989, when the maximum
level, with a mean of S-Se 1.6 umol/L was reached. After that, a slight decrease has occurred. The mean serum selenium level
in autumn 1991 in a new group of 35 students was 1.58 umol/L. This decrease can be explained by the high amount of imported
cereals in 1988 and 1989, which was reflected also in the serum selenium levels.
The glutathione peroxidase activity in erythrocytes in 1989–1990 was at the same level as in 1985 and 1986. 相似文献
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Cui Liwei Zhao Jiating Chen Jiuyu Zhang Wei Gao Yuxi Li Bai Li Yu-Feng 《Plant and Soil》2018,425(1-2):577-588
Plant and Soil - Cardamine enshiensis (C. enshiensis) is a selenium (Se) hyperaccumulator plant found in Enshi, a typical seleniferous area in southwestern Hubei Province, central China. The aim of... 相似文献
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Sensitivity to polyene antibiotics, e.g., nystatin, amphotericin B, and filipin, was determined in phosphatidylcholine (PC) or phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) or phosphatidylserine (PS) enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, using glutamic acid, phenylalanine, glycine, and lysine transport as an index of polyene antibiotic action. As compared with normal cells, phospholipid-enriched cells acquired resistance towards different polyenes. However, the sensitivity of glutamic acid transport towards nystatin remained unaffected in PC-, PE-, or PS-enriched cells. In contrast to nystatin, the other two polyenes were more effective in checking the influx of amino acids. Results demonstrated that the specific enrichment of PC, PE, or PS could selectively protect S. cerevisiae cells from polyene antibiotic action. 相似文献
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富硒乳酸菌在肝损伤大鼠生长及淋巴细胞转化中的保护作用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的:探讨富硒乳酸茵在CC14诱发肝损伤大鼠生长及外周血淋巴细胞转化中的保护作用。方法:SD大鼠随机分为C组、CC14组、CC14-LSe组、CC14-HSe组,隔日腹腔注射CC14诱发肝损伤,连续4周。结果:CC14组体重低于或明显低于对照组,CC14-LSe和CC14-HSe组体重总体水平与对照组相近,高于或明显高于CC14组;实验第4周CC14-LSe和CC14-HSe组淋巴细胞增殖活性及对PHA的刺激反应活性极显著高于C组和CC14组,同时CC14组PHA刺激反应活性明显低于C组。结论:富硒乳酸菌可减轻CC14诱发肝损伤过程,保护动物生长,增强淋巴细胞增殖活性。 相似文献
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Impacts of sedimentation and nitrogen enrichment on wetland plant community development 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Many factors influence which plant species are found in a particular wetland. The species pool is composed of the species present in the seed bank and species able to disperse into the wetland, and many abiotic and biotic factors interact to influence a species performance and abundance in the plant community. Anthropogenic activities produce specific stressors on wetland systems that alter these abiotic and biotic interactions, potentially altering species composition. We simulated three common wetland hydrogeomorphic (HGM) subclasses in a greenhouse to examine the effects of two stressors-sedimentation and nitrogen (N) enrichment-on the performance of 8 species grown in artificial communities. Species establishment, height, biomass, and foliar N and P concentrations were measured to explore species responses to stressors and competition, as well as the potential impacts of changes in species composition on ecosystem processes. Species were affected differently by sedimentation and N enrichment, and there were differences in overall community sensitivity to stressors between wetland subclasses. Sedimentation generally reduced seedling establishment, while N enrichment produced variable effects on height and biomass. Interspecific competition had little effect on establishment but significantly reduced most species biomass. Sedimentation generally lowered community biomass, diversity, and richness, while enrichment increased community biomass. Establishment, biomass, and foliar nutrient concentrations significantly differed between many species, suggesting that shifts in species composition may impact ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling and carbon storage. Phalaris arundinacea, an aggressive clonal graminoid, universally dominated all wetland subclasses. This dominance across a range of environmental conditions (sedimentation, fertility, and hydrology) has important implications for both restoration and predicting the impacts of human activities on species composition. Our results suggest that, in regions where P. arundinacea is common, restoration projects that establish communities from seeds and human activities that cause vegetation removal are likely to become dominated by P. arundinacea. 相似文献
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Agronomic biofortification of Brassica with selenium—enrichment of SeMet and its identification in Brassica seeds and meal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mervi M. Seppänen Juha Kontturi Isabel Lopez Heras Yolanda Madrid Carmen Cámara Helinä Hartikainen 《Plant and Soil》2010,337(1-2):273-283
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient and is circulated to the food chain through crops. Brassica species are efficient in Se accumulation and thus, good species for Se biofortification purposes. The residual fraction obtained after oil processing of Brassica seeds, the meal, is an important protein source in animal diets and used in feed concentrates. The accumulation of soil or foliar applied Se in the seeds and meal of Brassica napus and B. rapa as well as its effects on growth and yield formation was studied in two field experiments. Also, a HPLC-ICP-MS based method for the identification and quantification of Se species in Brassica seeds and meal was developed. Selenium application did not affect the yield or oil content. High accumulation of Se in the seeds and meal (1.92–1.96 μg Se g?1) was detected. Biotransformation of inorganic Se was evaluated by using HPLC-ICP-MS previous enzymatic hydrolysis for species extraction. The Se speciation studies showed that up to 85% of the total Se was SeMet whereas other Se-species were not detected. We conclude that the agronomic biofortification of Brassica species can improve the nutritive quality of the protein rich meal fraction as it contains significant amount of SeMet. 相似文献
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基于高通量测序的鄱阳湖典型湿地土壤细菌群落特征分析 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
采用高通量测序技术分析了鄱阳湖典型湿地土壤细菌群落特征。测序结果表明,不同植被土壤细菌群落丰度与多样性的排序相同:苔草带苔草-虉草带芦苇带泥滩带藜蒿带。沿湖面至坡地,空间位置相近的土壤细菌群落结构具有更大的相似性,苔草-虉草带、苔草带和芦苇带的细菌群落结构相近,泥滩带和藜蒿带的细菌群落结构差异较大。变形菌门(30.0%)是湿地土壤平均相对丰度最高的门,其次为酸杆菌门(16.7%)和绿弯菌门(16.5%);多数门分类细菌相对丰度沿湖面至坡地存在一定变化趋势。硝化螺菌属是第一大属分类水平细菌群落。在土壤化学指标中,与鄱阳湖湿地细菌群落相关性较大的是总磷、铵态氮和有机质含量。以上研究结果表明,鄱阳湖湿地不同植被土壤细菌群落具有结构性差异,但沿湖面至坡地存在规律性变化。 相似文献
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Shinichi Takami Sayeed Ahmad Neil C. Turner Tohru Kobata John C. O'Toole 《Physiologia plantarum》1987,69(4):586-590
The diurnal and seasonal changes in plant water relations of two Japonica rice ( Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, Nipponbare and Tachiminori, were studied under flooded conditions at Kyoto University. The dryland cv. Tachiminori maintained higher predawn and midday leaf osmotic potentials relative to the wetland cv. Nipponbare during the vegetative stage, but the ranking was reversed after flowering. The relationship between leaf water potential and leaf osmotic potential showed that prior to panicle emergence Nipponbare was able to adjust osmotically to maintain turgor, whereas after heading there was little turgor maintenance. Tachiminori showed little difference in osmotic adjustment before and after panicle emergence. Fertilizer treatment during panicle development also helped to maintain the degree of osmotic adjustment in both cultivars. 相似文献
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A field experiment was conducted to determine the seasonal patterns of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) in a dryland winter wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) system and to determine wheat growth and P uptake responses to inoculation with mycorrhizal fungus. Broadcast-incorporated
treatments included (1) no inoculation with mycorrhizal fungus, with and without P fertilizer, and (2) mycorrhizal fungal
inoculation at a rate of 5000 spores of Glomus intraradices (Schenck and Smith), per 30 cm in each row, with and without fertilizer P. Winter wheat was seeded within a day after treatments
were imposed, and roots were sampled at five growth stages to quantify AM. Shoot samples were also taken for determination
of dry matter, grain yield and yield components, and N and P uptake. No AM infection was evident during the fall months following
seeding, which was characterized by low soil temperature, while during the spring, the AM increased gradually. Increases in
wheat grain yields by enhanced AM were of similar magnitude to the response obtained from P fertilization. However, responses
differed at intermediate growth stages. At the tillering stage, P uptake was mainly increased by P fertilization but not by
fungal inoculation. At harvest, enhanced AM increased P uptake regardless of whether or not fertilizer P was added. The AM
symbiosis increased with rising soil temperatures in the spring, in time to enhance late-season P accumulation and grain production.
Accepted: 15 July 1998 相似文献
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Rhizosphere bacteria enhance the accumulation of selenium and mercury in wetland plants 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
The role of rhizosphere bacteria in facilitating Se and Hg accumulation in two wetland plants, saltmarsh bulrush (Scirpus robustus Pursh) and rabbitfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf.), was studied. Ampicillin-amended plants (i.e., with inhibited rhizosphere bacteria) supplied with Na2SeO4 or HgCl2 had significantly lower concentrations of Se and Hg, respectively, in roots than plants without ampicillin. These results
were confirmed by inoculating axenic saltmarsh bulrush plants with bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of plants collected
from the field; these plants accumulated significantly more Se and Hg compared to axenic controls. Therefore, rhizosphere
bacteria can increase the efficiency of Se and Hg phytoremediation by promoting the accumulation of Se and Hg in tissues of
wetland plants.
Received: 9 April 1999 / Accepted: 11 May 1999 相似文献
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Dorador C Busekow A Vila I Imhoff JF Witzel KP 《Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions》2008,12(3):405-414
We analyzed enrichment cultures of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) collected from different areas of Salar de Huasco, a high
altitude, saline, pH-neutral water body in the Chilean Altiplano. Samples were inoculated into mineral media with 10 mM NH4
+ at five different salt concentrations (10, 200, 400, 800 and 1,400 mM NaCl). Low diversity (up to three phylotypes per enrichment)
of beta-AOB was detected using 16S rDNA and amoA clone libraries. Growth of beta-AOB was only recorded in a few enrichment cultures and varied according to site or media
salinity. In total, five 16S rDNA and amoA phylotypes were found which were related to Nitrosomonas europaea/Nitrosococcus mobilis, N. marina and N. communis clusters. Phylotype 1-16S was 97% similar with N. halophila, previously isolated from Mongolian soda lakes, and phylotypes from amoA sequences were similar with yet uncultured beta-AOB from different biofilms. Sequences related to N. halophila were frequently found at all salinities. Neither gamma-AOB nor ammonia-oxidizing Archaea were recorded in these enrichment
cultures. 相似文献