借助信息系统 提升监管水平——在企业资源规划系统建设中加强廉政风险防范的探索

在介绍企业资源规划管理的基础上，进一步探索如何依托这一信息化管理手段加强医院药品、高值耗材和低值耗材，增强医院管理的透明度，提升廉政风险防范的水平，并总结信息化管理对纪检监察工作的重要意义。     

PDCA框架下公立医院战略管理的实施

公益性和可持续发展是公立医院改革的核心,医院战略管理是实现公立医院改革总体目标的基本途径。北京安贞医院在PDCA框架下实施医院战略管理,通过对医院发展环境的总体分析,结合医院自身实际,重点确立了医院发展的“两大能力建设”和“两个根本转变”,即以提高“整体服务能力”和“可持续发展能力”为重点,实现由“大专科、小综合”向“强专科、大综合”转变,由“规模效益型”向“学院型医院”转变。不断提升服务意识、加强学科管理、注重内涵建设,推进了医院管理创新和可持续发展。     

基于京医通系统的医院货币资金内部控制建设

京医通业务系统启动后，推行了线上挂号缴费业务，在一定程度上提高医院工作效率，提升患者就医体验，改善患者就医环境。但同时也带来了一些内部控制特别是资金安全管理的风险，针对这些风险，采取了相应的控制措施，加强内部控制管理和风险防范。     

管办分开下公立医院运行机制改革与实践

在管办分开下进行了公立医院管理机制的探索与实践。通过优化医院战略定位与管理、创新分管领导条块负责、试行按绩激励、建立中层干部契约化管理、实施临床科室分类目标责任管理,探索“四步考核”绩效考核,强化医疗质量管理执行与督查分设,研究科室投入与科室效益及其战略发展定位相结合的资产运行,实践人才培养与引进“四轮驱动”,提升医院文化导向机制系列改革,创新了医院管理体制,同时医院在医疗、科研、人才、经营、文化建设方面也得到了迅速提升。     

肿瘤专科医院医师进修的过程管理

进修学习是医务人员提高临床实践能力和更新知识的有效途径,能够达到培养医师与医院提升自我的双重目的。通过严格准入制度、加强岗前培训、明确奖惩机制、建立交流平台、完善培训体系、实时调查反馈等方式的过程管理,探索进修医师管理中的经验并通过SWOT方法分析医院在进修医师招生及培训中的优势、劣势、机会和威胁。

     

基层医院实施医师规范化培训的实践与思考

通过健全的组织制度管理、不断完善的培训方案,针对不同对象,实施多元化培训模式、差别培训,完成专业技术及临床决策能力培训。科学、规范的医师培训使其成为医院的优秀员工,认同医院文化,并在行动上与医院的目标保持一致。     

医院青年医师培养工作的实践与体会

青年医师是医院竞争发展的生力军,关系到医院的人才队伍建设和未来发展。我院通过加强培训、实施人才工程、提高科研能力和临床水平及加强学术交流等措施对青年医师进行全方位培养,青年医师的科研、临床实力均有大幅提高。体会：青年医师的培养需要引进和使用并举,建立人才库,做好追踪,加强考核与管理。     

新时期提升传染病区医院管理的有效策略

目的：探讨新时期提升传染病区医院管理水平的有效策略。方法：通过对传染病区医院感染因素进行探究,制定出适用于医院实际的感染预防策略。结果：制定和落实医院预防感染的规章制度,实施严格的职业防护培训,完善传染病区医院管理的诸项策略,能有效降低医院感染发生率。结论：传染病区是医院感染发生的高危地带,加强对传染病区的规范化管理,能起到良好的传染病预防效果。     

互联网时代的医院危机公关管理

在市场经济条件下,市场环境、顾客需求、技术创新不断变化,都会给医院发展带来风险,如果医院不能及时防范就会形成医院公关危机,给医院造成重大损失。以网络、信息特征为特点的互联网时代的到来,更是给医院公关危机管理带来了新的挑战。强调潜在风险防范,防止多米诺骨牌效应,对于提升医院竞争力,保持医院良性运转具有极其重要的意义。     

基于OA系统权力风险“制度加科技”防控研究

根据现代医院管理科学化、制度化、精细化的要求，横向解剖医、教、研、人、财、物和党群项目，纵向梳理工作项目、内容、流程、结果及运用现状。全面清理管理与运行过程的权力、廉政风险点，梳理制定党风廉政、反腐败工作风险防范四个方面、14个项目、134个重点环节，从中寻找职务权力、职业权力、患者满意度和供应商诚信等，确定风险预警、预防、监控的环节，融入管理制度、规范流程，建立基于医院OA系统的权力廉洁风险防控系统。     

Effects of summer training camp on serum opsonic activity and plasma cytokine levels in female long‐distance runners

In a summer training camp, strenuous physical exercises are carried out to improve endurance ability. The effects of the training stress on the immune system have been studied extensively. However, less attention has been paid to non‐specific immunological changes. Serum opsonic activity (SOA) is a more direct and suitable indicator of non‐specific humoral immunity. In this study, we used the luminal‐dependent chemiluminescence (LmCL) to measure reactive oxygen species generation from pooled human neutrophils as an indicator of SOA. We also measured plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) and plasma cytokine levels. Twenty‐two female college runners took part in this study after giving their written informed consent. There was no significant difference in the physical characteristics and serum enzyme levels. However, significant differences were observed in the changes of blood property and plasma cytokine levels. According to MPO levels, neutrophils in vivo may be deactivated during the camp. Positive correlations between fluctuations of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokine levels were observed in this study. According to the results of peak time and peak height of LmCL, SOA seems to increase at first qualitatively and then quantitatively during the summer camp. The increased SOA level may compensate for the decrease in neutrophil activity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

离退休老干部心理健康调查

目的：了解离退休老干部的心理健康情况,解决离退休老干部心理疾病,提高老干部生活质量,为更好的老干部保健提供依据。方法：采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对海军某干休所146名离退休老干部心理健康情况进行调查评估,并进行统计学分析。结果：与中国成人常模比较,离退休老干部的总体心理健康水平偏低（P〈0．05）。离退休老干部躯体化、强迫、抑郁和焦虑因子明显高于全国常模,其他因子之间无统计学差异。离退休男干部的躯体化、强迫、抑郁和焦虑因子得分低于离退休女干部。结论：离退休老干部存在着不同的心理问题,需要重视其心理健康。我们可以采取心理教育和疏导、丰富老干部日常生活以及药物治疗、心理治疗等多种措施．预防和治疗老干部心理问题。     

Investigation of Anti‐Fatigue Effect and Simultaneous Determination of Eight Nucleosides in Different Parts of Velvet Antler in Red Deer and Sika Deer

Velvet antler (VA) is crucial and precious nourishment in China and some countries in Southeast Asia and has excellent anti‐fatigue effect. The incidence of fatigue syndrome has increased gradually. VA can be a potential source of anti‐fatigue products. Therefore, we investigated the anti‐fatigue activity of different sections (upper, middle, and basal section) of VA from different species (red deer and sika deer) via loading swimming test in mice. Furthermore, nucleosides are one kind of active components in VA which could considerably reduce fatigue in mice. In order to explore whether the nucleosides are correlated with anti‐fatigue effect, the contents of eight nucleosides (uracil, cytidine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, thymine, inosine, guanosine, and adenosine) were determined simultaneously using high‐performance liquid chromatography. The results indicated that the swimming time in mice was increased from basal to upper section, which was consistent with the change trend of the total contents of eight nucleosides of VA. Therefore, we speculated that the contents of nucleosides in VA may affect its anti‐fatigue effect. Furthermore, the contents of nucleosides were also used as a reference for evaluating the quality of different parts of VA obtained from red and sika deer.     

Inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress by an imidazopyridine derivative X22 prevents heart injury from obesity

Inflammation and oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of obesity‐related complications and cardiovascular disease. Benzimidazole and imidazopyridine compounds are a class of compounds with a variety of activities, including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and anti‐cancer. X22 is an imidazopyridine derivative we synthesized and evaluated previously for anti‐inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated macrophages. However, its ability to alleviate obesity‐induced heart injury via its anti‐inflammatory actions was unclear. This study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of X22 using cell culture studies and a high‐fat diet rat model. We observed that palmitic acid treatment in cardiac‐derived H9c2 cells induced a significant increase in reactive oxygen species, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis and hypertrophy. All of these changes were inhibited by treatment with X22. Furthermore, oral administration of X22 suppressed high‐fat diet‐induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, hypertrophy and fibrosis in rat heart tissues and decreased serum lipid concentration. We also found that the anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative actions of X22 were associated with Nrf2 activation and nuclear factor‐kappaB (NF‐κB) inhibition, respectively, both in vitro and in vivo. The results of this study indicate that X22 may be a promising cardioprotective agent and that Nrf2 and NF‐κB may be important therapeutic targets for obesity‐related complications.     

以执业医师考试为导向的基础医学教学模式探索与实践

以社会需求为导向,加强基础医学课程教学模式探索,不断深化医学人才培养改革,已成为基础医学教育创新改革的目标需求。本文就近年来以执业医师考试为导向的基础医学课程教学模式探索与改革实践进行了分析和总结,着重从优化整合医学课程体系,实施基于病例和问题的PBL教学方法改革,加强辅导答疑重点培养学员综合素质与能力,加强师资队伍建设,加强针对性练习强度及合理设置考试方式,加强信息化教学手段等方面进行了讨论,以期为进一步深化基础医学教育改革和不断提高基础医学教学质量提供思路。     

骨科实习教学中的问题及对策

实习教学是培养医学生的重要环节,是理论教学与临床实践的桥梁。根据骨科专业性强、内容繁多,带教老师多肩负繁重临床工作等特点,我们通过加强师资队伍建设,落实带教责任制,明确学习目标,培养学习兴趣,注重基本功训练,规范实施问诊查体,养成独立的临床诊断与治疗思维,重视病历书写,培养临床思维,加强医患交流,掌握常见多发病的诊疗常规,注重动手能力培养,强化骨科影像教学等内容,提高实习生综合素质,达到提高骨科临床教学质量的目的。     

医学院校生物学专业研究生课程体系改革初探

研究生教育作为我国高等教育体制中最高层次的教育,是培养具有高素质、创新型人才的核心环节。医学院校研究生的素 质教育与创新能力是决定其基础医学研究能力和临床专业技能的重要因素,而研究生课程体系的建设是决定研究生培养过程中 重要的一环。为了提高研究生的创新能力,我校对研究生课程体系进行了一系列的改革。通过总结国内外10 所知名院校生物学 专业研究生课程体系的特点,对比分析我校在此方面存在的不足,进一步明确生物学专业研究生培养的目标,并有针对性的提出 课程体系改革的措施,为后续研究生教育改革奠定基础。     

Bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells mitigate caspase‐3 and 8‐hydroxy proline induced via β‐adrenergic agonist in pulmonary injured rats

Estimating the ability of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) to alleviate pulmonary injury induced via isoproterenol (ISP). ISP was injected in a dose of (100 mg/kg, subcutaneously twice at an interval of 24 h). One month post BM‐MSCs transplantation by intravenous injection, pulmonary oxidative stress was assessed, and Western blot analyses and histopathological investigations were conducted. Compared with the normal control group, BM‐MSCs transplantation significantly decreased the expression of pulmonary anti‐oxidative stress marker. Western blot analysis revealed that ISP significantly reduced the protein expression of the anti‐oxidative stress marker nuclear related factor‐2 (Nrf2). However, the apoptotic marker (caspase‐3) and collagen content marker (8‐hydroxyproline) were markedly elevated. These biochemical markers were confirmed by histopathological investigations. Finally, it was demonstrated that BM‐MSCs transplantation showed a superior effect in improving pulmonary function through alleviating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and collagen content.     

医学生早期教育阶段综合能力培养之探索

现代医学模式要求医务工作者必须是高素质的人才。基础医学教育阶段是医学生培养过程中的基础环节和重要阶段,与临床教学阶段相比,基础教育阶段更有利于学生综合能力培养和开展素质教育。医学生综合能力的培养在医学教育中具有重要的地位,它的实现要靠教育者在教育教学的各个环节中主动施行,积极探讨医学生综合能力培养的有效实施途径和方法。我们课题组根据多年从事医学生人才培养的教育教学经验,针对医学生早期教育阶段的心理、生理、环境、知识结构特点,围绕综合能力培养这个核心课题,强化创新性人才培养,系统有序地按学生学习时间和课程进行各种能力的逐一培养,从学习能力,思维能力,观察能力,动手能力,合作能力,分析问题和解决问题能力,判断是非能力,语言表达能力,写作能力,创新开拓能力等,探索医学生早期教育阶段综合能力培养模式。