共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Sunil Kumar Manisha Mangal A. K. Dhawan Narender Singh 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(6):2541-2545
RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) and ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) markers were screened to test the genetic
integrity of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) plants multiplied through axillary bud multiplication from nodal segments. The in vitro raised plantlets were maintained
for up to 12 in vitro subcultures. During the study a total of 48 (32 RAPD and 16 ISSR) primers were screened, out of which
24 RAPD and 13 ISSR primers produced a total of 191 (126 RAPD and 65 ISSR) clear, distinct and reproducible amplicons. The
amplified products were monomorphic across all the selected micropropagated plants and were similar to the mother plant. The
micropropagation protocol developed by our group for rapid in vitro multiplication is appropriate for clonal propagation of
jojoba. The outcome supports the fact that axillary bud multiplication can also be used as one of the safest modes for the
production of true-to-type plants. 相似文献
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Calycanthus chinensis is an endangered plant of the national second-grade protection of China restricted in a small area in Zhejiang Province.
We studied parameters of photosynthesis, chlorophyll (Chl) contents, and Chl fluorescence (minimum fluorescence, F0, maximum fluorescence, Fm, variable fluorescence, Fv, and Fv/Fm) of C. chinensis and Chimonanthus praecox. C. chinensis had lower compensation irradiance but higher saturation irradiance than C. praecox. Hence C. chinensis has more advantage in obtaining and utilizing photon energy and higher Chl content, and is more adaptive to higher temperature
and propitious to thermal dissipation than C. praecox. In addition, C. chinensis produces abundant, well-preserved seed with a higher germination rate and a wider adaptability to temperature than C. praecox. Thus C. chinensis is prone to survival and viability, and gets rid of the endangered plant species of the national second-grade protection
of China. 相似文献
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Two repeated DNA sequences isolated from a partial genomic DNA library of Helianthus annuus, p HaS13 and p HaS211, were shown to represent portions of the int gene of a Ty3 /gypsy retroelement and of the RNase-Hgene of a Ty1 /copia retroelement, respectively. Southern blotting patterns obtained by hybridizing the two probes to BglII- or DraI-digested genomic DNA from different Helianthus species showed p HaS13 and p HaS211 were parts of dispersed repeats at least 8 and 7 kb in length, respectively, that were conserved in all species studied. Comparable hybridization patterns were obtained in all species with p HaS13. By contrast, the patterns obtained by hybridizing p HaS211 clearly differentiated annual species from perennials. The frequencies of p HaS13- and p HaS211-related sequences in different species were 4.3x10(4)-1.3x10(5) copies and 9.9x10(2)-8.1x10(3) copies per picogram of DNA, respectively. The frequency of p HaS13-related sequences varied widely within annual species, while no significant difference was observed among perennial species. Conversely, the frequency variation of p HaS211-related sequences was as large within annual species as within perennials. Sequences of both families were found to be dispersed along the length of all chromosomes in all species studied. However, Ty3 /gypsy-like sequences were localized preferentially at the centromeric regions, whereas Ty1/ copia-like sequences were less represented or absent around the centromeres and plentiful at the chromosome ends. These findings suggest that the two sequence families played a role in Helianthusgenome evolution and species divergence, evolved independently in the same genomic backgrounds and in annual or perennial species, and acquired different possible functions in the host genomes. 相似文献
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S. Achtar M. Y. Moualla A. Kalhout M. S. Röder N. MirAli 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2010,46(11):1320-1326
Genetic diversity among 49 wheat varieties (37 durum and 12 bread wheat) was assayed using 32 microsatellites representing
34 loci covering almost the whole wheat genome. The polymorphic information content (PIC) across the tested loci ranged from
0 to 0.88 with average values of 0.57 and 0.65 for durum and bread wheat respectively. B-genome had the highest mean number
of alleles (10.91) followed by A genome (8.3) whereas D genome had the lowest number (4.73). The correlation between PIC and
allele number was significant in all genome groups accounting for 0.87, 074 and 0.84 for A, B and D genomes respectively,
and over all genomes, the correlation was higher in tetraploid (0.8) than in hexaploid wheat varieties (0.5). The cluster
analysis discriminated all varieties and clearly divided the two ploidy levels into two separate clusters that reflect the
differences in genetic diversity within each cluster. This study demonstrates that microsatellites markers have unique advantages
compared to other molecular and biochemical fingerprinting techniques in revealing the genetic diversity in Syrian wheat varieties
that is crucial for wheat improvement. 相似文献
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This research was conducted to study the genetic variation among eighteen genotypes of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) collected from various agro-climatic regions of Iran along with six exotic genotypes from the Asian countries using both
agro-morphological and ISSR marker traits. The results showed significant differences among genotypes for all agro-morphological traits and a relatively
high genetic coefficient of variation observed for number of fruiting branches per plant, capsules per plant, plant height
and seed yield per plant. Cluster analysis based on these traits grouped the genotypes into five separate clusters. Larger
interthan intra cluster distances implies the presence of higher genetic variability between the genotypes of different groups.
Genotypes of two clusters with a good amount of genetic divergence and desirable agronomic traits were detected as promising
genotypes for hybridization programs. The 13 ISSR primers chosen for molecular analysis revealed 170 bands, of which 130 (76.47%) were polymorphic. The generated dendrogram
based on ISSR profiles divided the genotypes into seven groups. A principal coordinate analysis confirmed the results of clustering. The
agro-morphological traits and ISSR markers reflected different aspects of genetic variation among the genotypes as revealed by a non significant cophenetic
correlation in the Mantel test. Therefore the complementary application of both types of information is recommended to maximize
the efficiency of sesame breeding programs. The discordance among diversity patterns and geographical distribution of genotypes
found in this investigation implies that the parental lines for hybridization should be selected based on genetic diversity
rather than the geographical distribution. 相似文献
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Noel H. Holmgren 《Brittonia》2018,70(1):115-139
A revision of Penstemon sect. Saccanthera subsect. Serrulati includes a new species (P. salmonensis), a new variety (P. triphyllus var. infernalis), and the elevation of a subspecies to species (P. curtiflorus), bringing the total number of species to eight, which are keyed and described, complete with nomenclature and type citations. 相似文献
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Studying Pneumocystis has proven to be a challenge from the perspective of propagating a significant amount of the pathogen in a facile manner.
The study of several fungal pathogens has been aided by the use of invertebrate model hosts. Our efforts to infect the invertebrate
larvae Galleria
mellonella with Pneumocystis proved futile since P. murina neither caused disease nor was able to proliferate within G. mellonella. It did, however, show that the pathogen could be rapidly cleared from the host. 相似文献
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M. N. Melnikova S. D. Pavlov A. A. Kolesnikov N. B. Petrov 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2010,46(6):699-704
Using AP-PCR, the genome of Kamchatka mykiss (Parasalmo (O.) mykiss) was examined. Polymorphic fragments, implying geographic differences among the samples, were selected, cloned, and sequenced.
Based on these sequences, longer, specific SCAR primers were selected and constructed. Using the BLAST software program, the
sequences were analyzed for analogy to those from the GenBank database. It seemed likely that all sequences obtained belonged
to earlier unexamined repeated sequences, variable in the populations of the species of interest. A total of seven SCAR markers,
characterized by population-significant variability of the DNA products in Kamchatka geographic group of rainbow trout were
constructed. These markers can be used for further investigation of the species Parasalmo (O.) mykiss. The SCAR marker sequences were deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers EU805500 to EU805506. 相似文献
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M. Chandrika Thoyajaksha V. Ravishankar Rai K. Ramachandra Kini 《Biologia Plantarum》2008,52(4):735-739
In the present study, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method namely inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) was employed
to assess genetic stability in tissue culture-derived Dictyospermum ovalifolium plantlets. To study genomic stability of micropropagated plants, 14 individuals were randomly tagged among a population of
2500 regenerants and were compared with single donor mother plant. A total of 51 clear and reproducible bands ranging from
200 bp to 2.1 kb were scored corresponding to an average of 3.64 bands per primer. Two of the 51 bands were polymorphic (3.92
%) among 14 individuals, thus indicating the occurrence of low level genomic variation in the micropropagated plants. Cluster
analysis indicates that genetic similarity values were 0.978 which allows classification of the plants to distinct groups.
Further an attempt was made to reintroduce the micropropagated plants into their natural habitat. Over one thousand six hundred
fifty plants were successfully established. 相似文献
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Rishi K. Tyagi Anuradha Agrawal C. Mahalakshmi Zakir Hussain Husnara Tyagi 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2007,43(1):51-58
Up to 73% decrease in cost of media for plant regeneration and in vitro conservation was achieved in Curcuma longa cv Prathibha by using inexpensive carbon source and gelling agent. Laboratory reagent-grade sucrose was replaced by locally
available commercial sugar (market sugar or sugar cubes) as carbon source and bacteriological grade agar by isabgol (also
named isubgol) as gelling agent. No adverse effects on shoot regeneration and conservation on isabgol-gelled low-cost media
were observed as compared to that on agar-gelled control medium (CM). Some 33–56% cultures of C. longa survived up to 12 mo. on isabgol-gelled medium in comparison to only 16% on CM. Genetic stability of 12-month-old in vitro-conserved plants was assessed using 25 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers; no significant variation was observed
in RAPD profiles of mother plants and in vitro-conserved plantlets on CM and low-cost media. 相似文献
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A genetic transformation system has been developed for callus cells of Crataegus
aronia using Agrobacterium
tumefaciens. Callus culture was established from internodal stem segments incubated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with
5 mg l−1 Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 0.5 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine (BA). In order to optimize the callus culture system with respect to callus growth and coloration, different
types and concentrations of plant growth regulators were tested. Results indicated that the best average fresh weight of red
colored callus was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg l−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1.5 mg l−1 kinetin (Kin) (callus maintenance medium). Callus cells were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium harboring the binary plasmid pCAMBIA1302 carrying the mgfp5 and hygromycin phosphotransferase (hptII) genes conferring green fluorescent protein (GFP) activity and hygromycin resistance, respectively. Putative transgenic calli
were obtained 4 weeks after incubation of the co-cultivated explants onto maintenance medium supplemented with 50 mg l−1 hygromycin. Molecular analysis confirmed the integration of the transgenes in transformed callus. To our knowledge, this
is the first time to report an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system in Crataegus
aronia. 相似文献
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Most of our current understanding of comparative population structure has been come from studies of parasite–host systems,
whereas the genetic comparison of gallnut-aphids and their host-plants remain poorly documented. Here, we examined the population
genetic structure of the Chinese sumac aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis and its unique primary host-plant Rhus chinensis in a mountainous province in western China using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Despite being sampled from
a mountainous geographic range, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the majority of genetic variation occurred
among individuals within populations of both the aphid and its host. The aphid populations were found to be structured similarly
to their primary host populations (F
ST values were 0.239 for the aphid and 0.209 for its host), suggesting that there are similar patterns of gene flow between
the populations of the aphid and between populations of its host-plant. The genetic distances (F
ST/1 − F
ST) between the aphid populations and between its host-plant populations were uncorrelated, indicating that sites with genetically
similar host-plant populations may not always have genetically similar aphid populations. The lack of relationships between
genetic and geographical distance matrices suggested that isolation by distance (IBD) played a negligible role at this level.
This may be mainly attributed to the founder effect, genetic drift and the relative small spatial scale between populations.
Zhumei Ren and Bin Zhu contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
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C. Song Z. Liu Q. Xie H. Wang Y. Huang Y. Ruan D. Chen 《Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology》2017,53(5):524-532
A novel lipolytic enzyme-producing endophytic strain PC2 was successfully isolated from the seeds of an ideal bioenergy plant Pistacia chinensis Bunge. Based on the analysis of morphology and 16S rRNA sequence, bacterial strain PC2 was identified as a subspecies of Pseudomonas putida, therefore named as P. putida PC2. Whole-genome sequencing showed PC2 contained a 1224-nucleotide lipase gene (named lip-PC2) predicted to encode a 407-amino-acid protein. Purified lipases from both the original PC2 strain and heterologously expressed Escherichia coli were nearly 50 kD with specific activity of 9.48 U/mL. LIP-PC2 displayed the maximal activity at 50°C or pH 8.0, and maintained above 80% relative activity in the range of from 40 to 60°C or pH in the range of from 6.0 to 8.0, indicating thermostable and alkaline properties. Enzyme activity was enhanced by Mg2+, Na+ and Mn2+, but strongly inhibited by Cu2+, Zn2+ Co2+, EDTA as well as organic solvents and surfactants. Additionally, the analysis of amino acid sequence and structure indicated that LIP-PC2 was a novel member belonging to family I.3 of bacterial lipolytic enzymes and its catalytic triad was consisted of Ser-200, Asp-342 and His-374. 相似文献
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Nan Wang Zhiyong Liu Yun Zhang Chengyu Li Hui Feng 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2018,131(3):673-684
Key message
Using bulked segregant analysis combined with next-generation sequencing, we delimited the Brnye1 gene responsible for the stay-green trait of nye in pakchoi. Sequence analysis identified Bra019346 as the candidate gene.Abstract
“Stay-green” refers to a plant trait whereby leaves remain green during senescence. This trait is useful in the cultivation of pakchoi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis), which is marketed as a green leaf product. This study aimed to identify the gene responsible for the stay-green trait in pakchoi. We identified a stay-green mutant in pakchoi, which we termed “nye”. Genetic analysis revealed that the stay-green trait is controlled by a single recessive gene, Brnye1. Using the BSA-seq method, a 3.0-Mb candidate region was mapped on chromosome A03, which helped us localize Brnye1 to an 81.01-kb interval between SSR markers SSRWN27 and SSRWN30 via linkage analysis in an F2 population. We identified 12 genes in this region, 11 of which were annotated based on the Brassica rapa annotation database, and one was a functionally unknown gene. An orthologous gene of the Arabidopsis gene AtNYE1, Bra019346, was identified as the potential candidate for Brnye1. Sequence analysis revealed a 40-bp insertion in the second exon of Bra019346 in nye, which generated the TAA stop codon. A candidate gene-specific Indel marker in 1561 F2 individuals showed perfect cosegregation with Brnye1 in the nye mutant. These results provide a foundation for uncovering the molecular mechanism of the stay-green trait in pakchoi.20.
Marco Andrello Karine Henry Pierre Devaux Daphné Verdelet Bruno Desprez Stéphanie Manel 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2017,130(9):1857-1866