肺鳞癌、腺癌组织中miRNA-210表达对预后影响的初步研究

目的:探讨肺鳞癌腺癌组织中mi RNA-210表达水平对预后的影响。方法:选取我院2004年至2007年接受手术治疗的肺鳞癌腺癌患者80例,采用定量RT-PCR测定的方法 mi RNA-210在肺癌组织中的表达,并分析其与患者临床病理特点及组织类型之间的关系。结果:定量RT-PCR测定结果显示,mi RNA-210与肺鳞癌腺癌患者的无病生存期和总生存期负相关(DFS,P=0.001;OS,P=0.004)。mi RNA-210与腺癌患者淋巴结转移(P=0.018)、晚期疾病(P=0.003)及较差的预后(P=0.002)显著相关。多因素Cox分析显示mi RNA-210是腺癌患者无病生存期的独立预后因子(P0.001)。结论:肺腺癌病人肿瘤组织重mi RNA-210可能为预后的生物标志物。     

窒息新生儿血清miR-21、miR-210及miR-199a的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨窒息新生儿血清mi RNA-21、mi RNA-210及mi RNA-199a的表达及临床意义。方法:选取2015年9月1日到2017年7月31日我院新生儿科收治的窒息新生儿40例作为观察组,另选取同期在我院出生的健康新生儿40例作为对照组,根据阿氏(Apgar)评分将观察组的新生儿分为重度窒息组(12例)和轻度窒息组(28例)。检测所有新生儿血清中mi RNA-21、mi RNA-210及mi RNA-199a的表达水平,并比较观察组与对照组、重度窒息组与轻度窒息组血清中mi RNA-21、mi RNA-210及mi RNA-199a水平,并分析其相关性。结果:观察组的血清mi RNA-21、mi RNA-210水平高于对照组,mi RNA-199a水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。重度窒息组的血清mi RNA-21、mi RNA-210水平均高于轻度窒息组,mi RNA-199a水平低于轻度窒息组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组血清mi RNA-21与mi RNA-210呈正相关(P0.05),血清mi RNA-21、mi RNA-210与mi RNA-199a水平呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:窒息新生儿血清中mi RNA-21、mi RNA-210呈现高表达,mi RNA-199a呈现低表达,且其表达水平与窒息严重程度相关。     

非小细胞肺癌患者血清miR-146a、miR-141的表达及临床意义

目的:研究非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者血清微小RNA-146a(mi R-146a)、mi R-141的表达及临床意义。方法:选取2015年1月至2018年1月我院收治的106例NSCLC患者记为NSCLC组,另选取同期于我院进行体检的40例健康体检者记为健康对照组。采用荧光实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测两组血清mi R-146a、mi R-141的表达水平,分析NSCLC患者血清mi R-146a、mi R-141表达水平与临床病理参数的关系,比较血清mi R-146a、mi R-141单一诊断及联合诊断NSCLC的曲线下面积(AUC)、灵敏度、特异度。结果:NSCLC组患者的血清mi R-146a、mi R-141表达水平高于健康对照组(P0.05)。NSCLC患者血清mi R-146a表达水平与病理分期有关(P0.05),与年龄、性别、吸烟史、病理类型、病理分级、肿瘤直径及是否伴有淋巴结转移无关(P0.05)。NSCLC患者血清mi R-141表达水平与病理分期、病理分级及是否伴有淋巴结转移有关(P0.05),与年龄、性别、吸烟史、病理类型、肿瘤直径无关(P0.05)。血清mi R-146a、mi R-141单一诊断及两者联合诊断NSCLC的AUC分别为0.841、0.772、0.921,敏感度分别为85.1%、80.5%、93.5%,特异度分别为84.2%、75.3%、89.8%。结论:NSCLC患者血清mi R-146a、mi R-141表达水平升高,且与部分临床病理参数有关,两者联合检测对NSCLC诊断具有较高的诊断价值。     

血清LncRNA XIST与miR-33a在膀胱癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:探究血清长链非编码RNA X染色体失活特异转录本(Lnc RNA XIST)与微小RNA-33a(mi R-33a)在膀胱癌中的表达及临床意义。方法:选择2017年4月至2019年8月青岛大学附属医院诊治的95例膀胱癌患者作为膀胱癌组,选择同期体检的95例健康者作为健康组。采用荧光定量PCR检测两组的血清LncRNA XIST与mi R-33a表达水平,分析患者的临床病理参数与血清LncRNA XIST、mi R-33a表达水平的关系,采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清LncRNA XIST与mi R-33a对膀胱癌的预测价值。结果:与健康组相比,膀胱癌组的血清LncRNA XIST表达水平明显升高(P0.05),而血清mi R-33a表达水平明显下降(P0.05)。血清LncRNA XIST与mi R-33a表达均与膀胱癌患者的TNM分期和淋巴结转移情况相关(P0.05)。血清LncRNA XIST联合mi R-33a(AUC=0.830,敏感性=90.47%,特异性=89.85%)预测膀胱癌的临床价值明显高于血清LncRNA XIST(AUC=0.716,敏感性=81.36%,特异性=80.74%)及血清mi R-33a(AUC=0.736,敏感性=82.19%,特异性=81.09%)单独检测。结论:血清LncRNA XIST表达异常升高、血清mi R-33a表达降低与膀胱癌发生密切相关,联合检测有助于预测膀胱癌发生的风险,从而为临床制定针对性干预和治疗方案提供参考。     

miR-369-3p靶向FGF9信号通路调控肝癌细胞增殖与侵袭

目的:阐明脂代谢相关mi R-369-3p在肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC)病理组织中的表达特征及其与临床预后的相关性,解析mi R-369-3p在HCC细胞中的作用性质及相应分子机理。方法:实时定量PCR法检测mi R-369-3p在HCC病理组织和细胞中的表达变化,并通过Spearman's法分析mi R-369-3p表达水平与临床病理资料相关性;CCK-8检测、Transwell穿透小室实验和裸鼠荷瘤实验检测敲低内源性mi R-369-3p表达后对HCC细胞增殖和侵袭性的影响作用;利用生物信息学分析、瞬时转染、定点突变和荧光素酶报告基因活性检测分析mi R-369-3p对纤维母细胞生长因子9(fibroblast growth factor 9,FGF9)的转录后调控作用。结果:mi R-369-3p在HCC病理组织(n=68)和细胞中异常低表达,且此低表达趋势与HCC患者预后呈显著负相关关系(x~2=6.907,P=0.0086);敲低内源性mi R-369-3p可显著促进HCC细胞的增殖、侵袭性;参与调控这一抑瘤效应的关键分子机制可能是miR-369-3p与FGF9的3'-UTR区直接结合,在转录后水平抑制FGF9 m RNA的稳定性,进而抑制后者表达水平。结论:miR-369-3p可通过靶向FGF9信号在转录后调控水平负性调控肝癌细胞增殖和侵袭过程,在肝癌发生和进展过程中发挥关键抑癌作用。     

miRNA-9-5p与NF-κB信号通路在2型糖尿病肾病发病中的作用机制

目的:探讨mi RNA-9-5p与NF-κB信号通路在2型糖尿病肾病发病中的作用机制。方法:将80只db/db小鼠随机分为糖尿病肾病组、糖尿病肾病+罗格列酮组、糖尿病肾病+mi RNA-9-5p组、糖尿病肾病+阴性对照组,每组20只,分别给予生理盐水、噻唑烷二酮类抗糖尿病药马来酸罗格列酮、mi RNA-9-5p、mi RNA-9-5p阴性对照核酸,10μg/d腹腔注射。另将20只健康db/m小鼠作为对照组。观察各组空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后血糖(PBG)、肾脏指数、24h尿量、肾脏组织变化,检测血清NF-κB信号通路关键因子单核细胞趋化因子蛋白-1(MCP-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6),及肾脏组织NF-κB m RNA、NF-κB p65蛋白水平。结果:糖尿病肾病组FBG、PBG、24 h尿量均高于对照组,肾脏指数低于对照组(P0.05)。糖尿病肾病+罗格列酮组和糖尿病肾病+mi RNA-9-5p组小鼠FBG、PBG、24 h尿量低于糖尿病肾病组,肾脏指数高于糖尿病肾病组(P0.05)。糖尿病肾病组小鼠血清MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6水平,肾脏组织NF-κB m RNA、NF-κB p65蛋白水平均高于对照组(P0.05)。糖尿病肾病+罗格列酮组和糖尿病肾病+mi RNA-9-5p组血清MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6水平,肾脏组织NF-κB m RNA、NF-κB p65蛋白水平低于糖尿病肾病组(P0.05)。结论:NF-κB在糖尿病肾病发病中起到重要作用,mi RNA-9-5p可以阻断NF-κB信号通路,下调MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6的表达,抑制糖尿病肾病的发生和发展。     

精神分裂症患者中miR-197-3p调控瘦蛋白水平的研究

该文主要分析了精神分裂症(schizophrenia,SCZ)患者血清中候选微RNA(microRNA,miRNA)水平的变化,研究其作用靶点及机制。针对前期芯片结果分析发现的差异表达miRNA,该研究使用荧光定量PCR对一批患者和对照血清进行验证分析。利用生物信息学工具分析经验证的差异表达miRNA,寻找潜在的作用靶点。进一步对miRNA及其潜在靶点进行调控功能的验证。芯片筛选结果发现,microRNA-197-3p(miR-197-3p)在初诊患者中呈低表达,较临床痊愈者和健康人有显著性差异,并在45例初诊患者和50例健康人对照血清中得到验证。生物信息学分析发现,瘦蛋白(leptin)mRNA可能是miR-197-3p的一个作用靶点,并经ELISA验证患者相对于健康人血清中瘦蛋白浓度显著升高。细胞水平的研究发现,miR-197-3p模拟物可以下调瘦蛋白水平,相反miR-197-3p抑制剂可以上调其水平。荧光素酶活性实验证实,miR-197-3p可能通过结合于瘦蛋白mRNA 3′UTR(3′untranslated region)的特异性位点,调控其水平。该研究表明,miR-197-3p水平下降,进一步上调瘦蛋白的水平可能在精神分裂症发病过程中发挥一定作用。     

miR-615-3p是胃癌诊断和预后的潜在标志物

miR-615-3p是miRNA家族的一员。为了探讨miR-615-3p在胃癌诊断和预后中的作用,我们应用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)法检测了35例胃癌组织(13例低分化,22例中高分化)及良性胃病组织,以及此35例患者的治疗前血清及35例健康体检者血清中miR-615-3p的相对表达情况,分析了其和胃癌的临床病理因素之间的关系,计算其用于区分胃癌和健康人群的灵敏度、特异度。检测数据显示,低分化胃癌组中miR-615-3p的水平显著高于良性病变组及中高分化胃癌组(p0.01),而在中高分化胃癌组的表达水平与良性病变组比较差异无统计学意义(p0.05)。低分化和中高分化胃癌患者血清中miR-615-3p的水平均显著高于健康组(p0.01),低分化胃癌患者血清中miR-615-3p的水平显著高于中高分化胃癌血清组(p0.01)。miR-615-3p的表达水平与胃癌患者的性别、年龄无关(p0.05),与病理类型、TNM分期相关(p0.05)。miR-615-3p受试者的工作特征曲线下面积为0.803(95%CI(0.707,0.906)),与A=0.5比较,差异有统计学意义。以上结论表明,miR-615-3p的表达水平与胃癌组织的分化和分期呈正相关,检测组织和血清中miR-615-3p的水平对胃癌有较高的诊断价值。miR-615-3p可作为胃癌诊断、预后的潜在标志物。     

大鼠运动性肌损伤特征microRNA表达及其膜损伤调控靶点的预测

本文旨在筛选大鼠运动性肌损伤(exercise-induced muscle damage,EIMD)的特征microRNA(miRNA),并预测分析特征miRNA调控膜损伤的靶点。将24只健康雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠平均分为安静对照(C)组、运动后24 h(E24)组、运动后48 h(E48)组,采取一次间歇性离心运动(-16°下坡跑台跑)复制EIMD模型,用伊文氏蓝荧光染色法鉴定EIMD特征,用基因芯片进行差异性miRNA筛选,用RT-q PCR验证芯片检测结果后获得EIMD差异性miRNA表达谱,RT-qPCR检测EIMD膜损伤相关特征蛋白和相关通路核心分子的m RNA表达水平并预测特征miRNA的靶基因。本研究筛选出并验证了2条EIMD特征miRNA:miR-206-3p和miR-139-3p。骨架蛋白dystrophin(r=-0.68)、utrophin(r=-0.64)和MAPK信号通路核心分子JNK(r=-0.62)、ERK1(r=-0.68)均与miR206-3p呈中度负相关(P0.001),而均与miR-139-3p无显著相关。以上研究结果提示,EIMD可诱导成年大鼠腓肠肌miRNA表达谱明显改变,miR-206-3p和miR-139-3p是EIMD特征miRNA,miR-206-3p可能通过调控骨架蛋白dystrophin、utrophin和MAPK信号通路分子JNK、ERK1调控膜损伤。     

利用CRISPR/Cas9技术对miRNA-125a进行基因编辑的实验研究

近年来, CRISPR/Cas9技术被迅速应用于生物学研究的各个领域。miRNA-125a已被证实与生殖密切相关,研究者在自然流产的患者中发现了异常的miRNA-125a。该研究利用CRISPR/Cas9技术在人绒毛膜滋养层细胞HTR8-S/Vneo中对miRNA-125a进行了定点编辑。对于定点敲除,我们首先在pX458表达载体的基础上额外引入一组启动子和sgRNA骨架序列用于片段敲除,此后分别设计用于单点敲除和片段敲除的sgRNA进行表达载体的构建,表达载体转染HTR8细胞后通过流式分选和T7EI酶切鉴定阳性单克隆;对于定点敲入,我们在体外构建供体载体,与CRISPR表达载体共转染HTR8细胞,通过流式分选和PCR鉴定阳性单克隆。DNA测序结果显示,敲除及敲入阳性单克隆细胞系在指定区域的碱基序列发生了改变; RT-qPCR结果显示,阳性单克隆细胞系中mi RNA-125a-5p和mi RNA-125a-3p的表达量较野生型也发生了相应变化;体外实验还显示, miRNA-125a有抑制HTR8-S/Vneo细胞系增殖及迁移的功能。研究证实, CRISPR/Cas9技术在细胞系中编辑mi RNAs是有效可行的,且对于miRNA-125a的定点敲除,片段敲除的效果要好于单点敲除。     

Clinical significance of the expression of miRNA-21, miRNA-31 and miRNA-let7 in patients with lung cancer

ObjectiveTo explore the expression differences of miRNA-21, miRNA-31 and miRNA-let7 between lung cancer patient and healthy people, thereby providing reference for early diagnosis of lung cancer.MethodReal-time PCR was employed to determine the expression difference between lung cancer patients (50 cases) and healthy people (24 cases). The clinical data of lung cancer patients were analyzed to explore the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and expression level of miRNA-21, miRNA-31, miRNA-let7.ResultsThe relative expression levels of miRNA-21 and miRNA-31 in lung cancer group were obviously higher than those in healthy control group, and the relative expression level of miRNA-let7 in lung cancer group was slightly higher than that in healthy control group. Lung cancer patients with lymph node metastasis had higher expression level than those without lymph node metastasis. The ROC curve showed that the three miRNAs had clinical diagnosis efficiency for lung cancer, and the combined detection of the three miRNAs were more efficient in diagnosing lung cancer. Survival curve analysis suggested that the median survival times of patients in the miRNA-21 and miRNA-31 high expression groups were shorter than those in the low expression groups, and the median survival time of patients in miRNA-let7 high expression group was longer than that in the low expression group.ConclusionPlasma miRNA-21, miRNA-31 and miRNA-let7 may be diagnostic marker for lung cancer.     

miRNA-197 and miRNA-223 Predict Cardiovascular Death in a Cohort of Patients with Symptomatic Coronary Artery Disease

Background

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as potential diagnostic biomarkers in cardiovascular disease and in particular, coronary artery disease (CAD). Few studies were undertaken to perform analyses with regard to risk stratification of future cardiovascular events. miR-126, miR-197 and miR-223 are involved in endovascular inflammation and platelet activation and have been described as biomarkers in the diagnosis of CAD. They were identified in a prospective study in relation to future myocardial infarction.

Objectives

The aim of our study was to further evaluate the prognostic value of these miRNAs in a large prospective cohort of patients with documented CAD.

Methods

Levels of miR-126, miR-197 and miR-223 were evaluated in serum samples of 873 CAD patients with respect to the endpoint cardiovascular death. miRNA quantification was performed using real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results

The median follow-up period was 4 years (IQR 2.78–5.04). The median age of all patients was 64 years (IQR 57–69) with 80.2% males. 38.9% of the patients presented with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 61.1% were diagnosed with stable angina pectoris (SAP). Elevated levels of miRNA-197 and miRNA-223 reliably predicted future cardiovascular death in the overall group (miRNA-197: hazard ratio (HR) 1.77 per one standard deviation (SD) increase (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20; 2.60), p = 0.004, C-index 0.78; miRNA-223: HR 2.23 per one SD increase (1.20; 4.14), p = 0.011, C-index 0.80). In ACS patients the prognostic power of both miRNAs was even higher (miRNA-197: HR 2.24 per one SD increase (1.25; 4.01), p = 0.006, C-index 0.89); miRA-223: HR 4.94 per one SD increase (1.42; 17.20), p = 0.012, C-index 0.89).

Conclusion

Serum-derived circulating miRNA-197 and miRNA-223 were identified as predictors for cardiovascular death in a large patient cohort with CAD. These results reinforce the assumption that circulating miRNAs are promising biomarkers with prognostic value with respect to future cardiovascular events.     

High-Throughput miRNA and mRNA Sequencing of Paired Colorectal Normal,Tumor and Metastasis Tissues and Bioinformatic Modeling of miRNA-1 Therapeutic Applications

MiRNAs are discussed as diagnostic and therapeutic molecules. However, effective miRNA drug treatments with miRNAs are, so far, hampered by the complexity of the miRNA networks. To identify potential miRNA drugs in colorectal cancer, we profiled miRNA and mRNA expression in matching normal, tumor and metastasis tissues of eight patients by Illumina sequencing. We validated six miRNAs in a large tissue screen containing 16 additional tumor entities and identified miRNA-1, miRNA-129, miRNA-497 and miRNA-215 as constantly de-regulated within the majority of cancers. Of these, we investigated miRNA-1 as representative in a systems-biology simulation of cellular cancer models implemented in PyBioS and assessed the effects of depletion as well as overexpression in terms of miRNA-1 as a potential treatment option. In this system, miRNA-1 treatment reverted the disease phenotype with different effectiveness among the patients. Scoring the gene expression changes obtained through mRNA-Seq from the same patients we show that the combination of deep sequencing and systems biological modeling can help to identify patient-specific responses to miRNA treatments. We present this data as guideline for future pre-clinical assessments of new and personalized therapeutic options.     

Clinical significance of blood-based miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic nucleic acid markers in breast cancer: Comparative to conventional tumor markers

microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in carcinogenesis and their expression in biological fluids offer great potential as nucleic acid markers for cancer detection and progression. Authors investigated the expression level of miRNAs (miRNA-21, miRNA-126, and miRNA-155) to evaluate their role as diagnostic and prognostic markers for breast cancer compared with other commonly used protein-based markers (CEA and CA15-3). Serum samples from patients with breast cancer (n = 96), patients with benign breast lesion (n = 47), and healthy individuals (n = 39) were enrolled for detection of miRNA expression levels and protein-based tumor markers using fluorescent real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Correlation among investigated markers with clinicopathological factors and clinical outcomes were determined. Expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-155 revealed significant increases in patients with breast cancer compared with both benign and control groups, the same result was reported for tumor markers; on the other hand, miRNA-126 was significantly decreased in breast cancer group as compared with the other two groups. miRNA frequencies were significantly related to clinical staging and histological grading as compared with tumor markers. Patients with breast cancer with increased miRNA-21 and miRNA-155 and decreased miRNA-126 expressions had significantly worse disease-free survival, while only miRNA-21 and miRNA-126 showed poor OS (P< 0.005). In conclusion, investigated miRNAs were superior over tumor markers for the early stage of breast cancer especially those with high-risk factor and their assessment in blood facilitates their role as a potential prognostic molecular marker.     

Cell-Free MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Malignant Effusion Associated with Patient Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) expression is altered in cancer cells, and miRNAs could serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for cancer patients. This study was designed to analyze circulating miRNAs expression in the malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and their association with patient survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods

Pleural effusion from 184 patients with NSCLC and MPE were collected. MiRNA microarray and bioinformatics interpretation were used to evaluate miRNA expression profiles in 10 NSCLC patients with different survival prognosis. Associations were validated in 184 patients (randomly classified into training and validation set with equal number in each group) using quantitative RT-PCR. Risk scores were formulated based on the expression signature of miRNAs. Clinical data, such as patient survival, were collected for correlation analysis.

Results

Thirty-three miRNAs were found to be altered more than two-fold by microarray in malignant effusions between longer-survival and shorter-survival groups, and levels of five miRNAs (miRNA-93, miRNA-100, miRNA-134, miRNA-151 and miRNA-345) were significantly associated with overall survival. High expression of miR-100 and low expression of miRNA-93, miRNA-134, miRNA-151 and miRNA-345 were associated with poor survival in both the training and validation cohort. Patients with high risk scores had overall poor survival compared to the patients with low risk scores. Risk score was an independent predictor of patient survival.

Conclusions

Expression patterns of miRNAs are systematically altered in MPE of patient with NSCLC. The five miRNA signature from the effusion may serve as a predictor for the overall survival of patients with lung cancers.     

The diagnostic and prognostic role of MiRNA 15b and MiRNA 378a in neonatal sepsis

Background and objectivesSepsis is one of the major factors for both term and preterm babies with morbidity and mortality. On the basis of recent clinical trials, altered circulating micro-RNAs (miRNAs) may serve as possible biomarkers in sepsis for diagnosis and prognosis. The aim of this research is to assess the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of miRNA 15b and miRNA 378a for neonatal sepsis.Subjects & methodsThis study was carried out 25 neonates with sepsis admitted to neonatal ICU of Menoufia University Hospital and 25 healthy controls from February 2019 to May 2020. The relative quantification (RQ) of miRNA-15b and miRNA-378a expression was assessed using real time PCR technique. Results: Our results demonstrated that patients with sepsis had significantly higher level of MiRNA-15b than the healthy volunteers. On the other hand, patients with sepsis had significantly lower level of MiRNA-378a than the healthy volunteers. The ROC curve showed that the serum MiRNA-15b was a significant discriminator of sepsis with a combined sensitivity and specificity of 76% and 88% with cutoff point of 3.24. In addition, serum MiRNA-378a was a significant discriminator of sepsis with a combined sensitivity and specificity of 60% and 88% with cutoff point of 0.361. The miRNA-15b expression significantly correlated positive with respiratory rate (r =0.415,p =0.039), WBCs (r = 0.408, p =0.043), and CRP (r =0.407, p=0.043). Likewise, miRNA-378a expression significantly correlated negative with respiratory rate (r =-0.415p =0.024), WBCs (r =- 0.442, p =0.027), and CRP (r =- 0.459, p=0.021).ConclusionBoth MiRNA 15b and 378a are promising biomarker for neonatal sepsis.     

microRNA-214在恶性肿瘤中的表达及相关性的研究进展

微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是广泛存在于动植物中的一类不编码蛋白质的短小的单链RNA分子,一般由22个核苷酸组成,它们可以特异性地结合mRNA并通过降解或抑制其翻译而在转录后水平调控基因表达。miRNA的表达及功能可影响许多表观遗传学特征,其功能涉及细胞的发生、生长、发育、分化和凋亡过程,在肿瘤的形成和进展过程中扮演重要角色。microRNA-214(miRNA-214,miR-214)参与肝癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、卵巢癌、恶性黑色素瘤、胃癌、胶质瘤、儿童骨肉瘤等恶性肿瘤的发生发展,以及与肿瘤细胞的侵袭及转移密切相关。miRNA-214在不同的肿瘤中表达水平并不相同,miRNA-214在不同肿瘤中的差异表达是通过调控某个或者某些癌基因及抑癌基因而实现其参与肿瘤的发生发展、侵袭及转移的作用。因此,本文主要通过阅读大量国内外文献,总结和概括了miRNA-214参与部分恶性肿瘤发生发展的机制。虽然目前对于miRNA的理论研究已经日渐完善和成熟,但是怎样将这些研究结果应用于临床,怎样能够更准确、更便捷的通过对miRNA的检测达到对疾病的诊断、治疗以及预后评估,想必一定会成为将来研究的热点,我们期待一种新型的恶性肿瘤的分子标志物会使越来越多的肿瘤患者获益。