REVIEWS

Studies of Pacific Island Plants. X. The Meliaceae of Fiji, Samoa and Tonga. By A. C. S mith .
Flora of Tropical East Africa. Marantaceae. By E. M ilne -R edhead .
Flora of the County Wicklow. By J. P. B runker .
Textbook of Theoretical Botany. Volume I. By R. C. M c L ean and W. R. I vimey -C ook .
Gotlands Orkider. By S taffan R osvall and B engt P ettersson .
Downs and Dunes: Their Plant Life and its Environment. By Sir E dward S alisbury .
The Tropical Rain Forest. By P. W. Richards.
Pollen Morphology and Plant Taxonomy. By G. E rdtman .
The Comparative Biochemistry of the Carotenoids. By T. W. G oodwin .
Die Wuchsstofflehre: Ergebnisse und Probleme der Wuchsstoffforschung. By H ans S öding .     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Land and Society in Contemporary Africa , Ed. by R. E. Downs and S. P. Reyna.
Ecological Systems of the Geobiosphere: Volume 2: Tropical and Subtropical Zonobiomes by H. Walter and S.W. Breckle.     

Book reviews

Golterman, H. L. (1975) Physiological Limnology. An Approach to the Physiology of Lake Ecosystems .
Disney, R. H. L. (1975) . A Key to the Larvae, Pupae and Adults of the British Dixidae (Diptera). The Meniscus Midges .
Balon E. K. and Coche A. G. (Eds.) (1974) . Lake Kariba, a Man-made Tropical Ecosystem in Central Africa .
Klasvik H. (1974) . Computerised Analysis of Stream Algae.
Lowe-McConnell R. H. (1975). Fish Communities in Tropical Freshwaters .
Roberts R. J. and Shepherd C. J. (1975) . Handbook of Trout and Salmon Diseases .
Nicholas W. L. (1975) . The Biology of Free-living Nematodes , pp. 219.
Smirnov N. N. (1974) . Chydoridae of the World's Fauna .
Steemann Nielsen E. (1975) . Marine Photosynthesis. With Special Emphasis on the Ecological Aspects .     

REVIEWS

Diseases of Fruits and Hops. By H. W ormald .
Nytteplanter. By K. G ram , H. J. J ensen and A. M entz .
Poisonous Plants of the United States. By W. C. M uenscher .
Introduction to the Botany of Field Crops. By Prof. J. M. H ector .
Commercial Fruit and Vegetable Products: a Textbook for Student, Investigator and Manager. By W. V. C ruess .
The Rape of the Earth: A World Survey of Soil Erosion. By G. V. J acks and R. O. W hyte .
Science in Africa: A Review of Scientific Research relating to Tropical and Southern Africa. By E. B. W orthington .
Health and Nutrition in India. By N. G angulee .
An Introduction to Modern Genetics. By C. H. W addington .
Earth's Green Mantle. By S. M angham .     

REVIEWS

The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa. By J. M. D alziel .
Overseas Plant Products. By J. H. H olland .
Les Plantes Alimentaires. IV. Les Plantes à Boissons. By D. Bois.
General and Economic Botany. By E. E. S tanford .
British Grasses and their Employment in Agriculture. By S. F. A rmstrong .
Leguminous Forage Plants. By D. H. R obinson .
The Potato. By W illiam S tuart .
Soil Conditions and Plant Growth. By Sir E. J ohn R ussell .
The Biochemistry of Cellulose, the Polyuronides, Lignin, etc. By A. G. N orman .
An Outline of Cytological Technique for Plant Breeders. Special Bulletin of the Imperial Bureau of Plant Genetics, School of Agriculture, Cambridge.
A Manual of Entomological Equipment and Methods, Part II. By A lvah P eterson .
Insects of the British Woodlands. By R. N eil C hrystal .
The Dragonflies of the British Isles. By C ynthia L ongfield .
Oyster Biology and Oyster-culture, being the Buckland Lectures for 1935. By J. H. O rton , D. S c , F.L.S.     

Pollen–plant–climate relationships in sub-Saharan Africa

Aim  To demonstrate that incorporating the bioclimatic range of possible contributor plants leads to improved accuracy in interpreting the palaeoclimatic record of taxonomically complex pollen types.
Location  North Tropical Africa.
Methods  The geographical ranges of selected African plants were extracted from the literature and geo-referenced. These plant ranges were compared with the pollen percentages obtained from a network of surface sediments. Climate-response surfaces were graphed for each pollen taxon and each corresponding plant species.
Results  Several patterns can be identified, including taxa for which the pollen and plant distributions coincide, and others where the range limits diverge. Some pollen types display a reduced climate range compared with that of the corresponding plant species, due to low pollen production and/or dispersal. For other taxa, corresponding to high pollen producers such as pioneer taxa, pollen types display a larger climatic envelope than that of the corresponding plants. The number of species contained in a pollen taxon is an important factor, as the botanical species included in a taxon may have different geographical and climate distributions.
Main conclusions  The comparison between pollen and plant distributions is an essential step towards more precise vegetation and climate reconstructions in Africa, as it identifies taxa that have a high correspondence between pollen and plant distribution patterns. Our method is a useful tool to reassess biome reconstructions in Africa and to characterize accurately the vegetation and climate conditions at a regional scale, from pollen data.     

楝科（Meliaceae）的地理分布

楝科为泛热带分布科,全世界有５１属,约５５０—６００种,分布于旧世界热带地区有４６属,热带美洲有８属．热带亚洲和热带非洲为楝科两大现代分布中心．中国楝科共１５属,６１种,占世界属总数的２９％,种总数的１０％。中国楝科的分布是在全球楝科分布区的边缘,主要分布于中国西南部及南部诸省,种类由西南向东南递减。中国楝科属的分布区类型可归为５类：１．热带亚洲、非洲和中南美洲间断分布（１属）;２．旧世界热带分布（３属）;３,热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布（２属）;４．热带亚洲至热带非洲分布（１属）;５．热带亚洲分布（８属）。中国楝科种的分布区类型仅有２类：１．热带亚洲分布（３１种）;２．中国特有分布（３０种）。楝科植物的起源推断在早白垩纪。中国楝科植物由印度—马来西亚成分及特有成分组成。热带亚洲的楝科植物主要是通过中南半岛和中国云南。广西和海南等地发生联系,而菲律宾和台湾之间可有直接的联系。     

陕西木本种子植物区系属的热带地理成分研究

对陕西境内木本种子植物区系属一级的热带地理成分进行了研究,全省木本种子植物区系中的热带地理成分共包括泛热带成分、热带亚洲和热带美洲间断成分、旧世界热带成分、热带亚洲至热带大洋洲成分、热带亚洲至热带非洲成分及热带亚洲成分6种类型,共95属,归属于53科。在各种热带地理成分中,陕西木本植物区系与泛热带成分联系最为密切,各类热带地理成分主要分布于陕西秦岭以南地区。从科、属、种的分布区格局以及木本热带区系成分的群落学作用等方面分析,陕西植物区系具有明显的温带性质,同时,区系也呈现一定的热带—温带过渡性特点。     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Pests of Coffee. Ed. R. H. L e P elley
Pests of Crops in Northeast and Central Africa with Particular Reference to the Sudan. By H. S chmutterer assisted by D. E. E vans , H ussain M ohd . H assan and L. R azoux S chultz
Pests of Oil Palms in Malaysia and their Control. BY B rian J. W ood
The Potatoes of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay: A Biosystematic Study by J. G. H awkes and J. P. H jerting
Tropical Agriculture, the Development of Production. By G ordon W rigley
Abstract Bibliography of Fruit Breeding and Genetics to 1965: Prunus. By R. L. K night     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
An Introduction to the Botany of Tropical Crops . By L eslie S. C obley .
The Genus Achlya (Morphology and Taxonomy). By T erry W. J ohnson , J r .
Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology , vol. I. Edited by W. R uhland .
The Physiology of Reproduction in Fungi . By L ilian E. H awker .     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
The Biological Productivity of Britain (Symposium of the Institute of Biology, no. 7). Edited by W. B. Y app and D. J. W atson .
The Insect Pests of Cotton in Tropical Africa. By E. O. P earson .
The Principles of Biological Control. By H arvey L. S weetman .
Methods of Analytical Histology andHisto-Chemistry. By E dward G urr .
Electronic Apparatus for Biological Research. By P. E. K. D onaldson .
An Introduction to the Behaviour of Invertebrates. By J. D. C arthy .
Reproductive Physiology. By A. V. N albandov .
The Control of Pests and Diseases in Agricultural and Horticultural Crops. By G. L. H ey and K. M arshall .     

Reviews of publications

Book reviewed in this article:
Aspects of Tropical Mycology , Eds S. Isaac, J. C. Frankland, R. Watling & A. J. S. Whalley
The Tapetum. Cytology, Function, Biochemistry and Evolution , M. Hesse, E. Pacini and M. Willemse (eds.). Plant Systematics and Evolution, Supplementum 7
Tropical Alpine Environments. Plant Form and Function . eds P. W. Rundel, A. P. Smith and F. C. Meinzer
A Ravision of Tabernaemontana (part two). The New World Species . A. J. M. Leeuwenberg     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Plant Molecular Biology. Molecular Genetic Analysis of Plant Development and Metabolism. Ed. by G loria C oruzzi & P ere P uigdomégnech
Vacuum Methods in Electron Microscopy. By W. C. B igelow . Practical Methods in Electron Microscopy. Vol 15. Series Editor: Audrey M. G lauert .
The Fungi. By M ichael J. C arlile & S arah C. W atkinson .
Aspects of Tropical Mycology. Symposium of the British Mycological Society held at the University of Liverpool, April 1992. Edited by S. I saac , J. C. F rankland , R. W atling & A. J. S. W halley .
Belalong, A Tropical Rainforest. By T he E arl O f C ranbrook & D avid S. E dwards .
Ecology and Management of Invasive Riverside Plants. Ed. by L. C. D e W aal , L. E. C hild , P. M. W ade & J. H. B rock     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Ecosystems of the World. Vol. 13. Tropical Savannas . Edited by F. Bourlière. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Primates of the World: Distribution, Abundance and Conservation . By J. H. Wolfheim.
Bibliography of the Rhinoceros . By L. C. Rookmaaker. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Fay, P. (1983) The Blue-Greens .
Petr, T. (Ed.) (1983) The Purari—Tropical Environment of a High Rainfall River Basin.
Nisbet, B. (1984) Nutrition and Feeding in Protozoa.
Frank, J.H. & Lounibos, L.P. (Eds.) (1983) Phytotelmata: Terrestrial Plants as Hosts for Aquatic Insect Communities.
Elliott, J.M. & Humpesch, U.H. (1983) A Key to the Adults of the British Ephemeroptera.     

Reviews

Book Reviewed in this article:
Ecology of Soil Fungi. By D. M. G riffin .
Ecology of Tropical and Subtropical Vegetation. By H. W alter .
Shoot Organization in Vascular Plants. By K. J. D ormer .
The Biology and Chemistry of the Umbelliferae. Ed. by V. H. H eywood .
Chloroplasts and Mitochondria. By M. A. T ribe and P. A. W hittaker .
Plant Metabolism. By H. E. S treet and W. C ockburn .
L'thylene Metabolisme et Activite Metabolique. By C hon -T on P han .     

The lizard assemblage from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest enclaves in the Cerrado biome, Brazil, and its association with the Pleistocenic Arc

Aim  To determine if the distributions of lizard species from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest (SDTF) enclaves within the Cerrado biome in central Brazil are associated with the Tropical Seasonal Forests Region, a recently proposed phytogeographic unit of South America, corroborating the existence of a Pleistocenic Arc of SDTFs.
Location  SDTF remnants in the Paranã River valley, municipality of São Domingos, Goiás, Brazil.
Methods  Lizards were extensively sampled using haphazard sampling, funnel traps, and pitfall traps with drift fences during four expeditions. The composition of the SDTF lizard assemblage was compared with those from other South American phytogeographic regions (Caatinga, Cerrado, Chaco, Llanos, and the dry forests of Colombia and Bolivia), based on the literature and our own unpublished data.
Results  The SDTF lizard assemblage contained 20 species, including 11 species with extensive distributions among the regions considered, seven species shared exclusively with Cerrado localities, a single species shared exclusively with other SDTFs, and one endemic species. The presence of Lygodactylus klugei (Smith, Martin & Swain, 1977), presumably endemic to the Pleistocenic Arc formed by the Tropical Seasonal Forests Region, considerably extends the known distribution of this species, suggesting historical connections between Caatinga and Cerrado SDTF enclaves.
Main conclusions  The composition of the lizard assemblage in Cerrado SDTF enclaves seems to corroborate the recent proposal that the SDTF should be recognized as a phytogeographic unit (or dominium). The presence of disjunct populations and endemic species highlights the urgency of considering the uniqueness of the Paranã River valley SDTFs and the importance of its conservation.     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Forest Pathology . By J. S. Boyce.
Yearbook of Agriculture , 1937.
Physiological Genetics . By R. Goldschmidt.
The Study of Heredity . By E. B. Ford.
Tropical Fruits and Vegetables: an account of their Storage and Transport . By C. W. Wardlaw.
Erosion and Soil Conservation . By G . V. Jacks and R. O. Whyte.
Sixty Years of Botany in Britain (1875–1935). Impressions of an Eyewitness . By F. O. Bower.
Herbals: Their Origin and Evolution. A Chapter in the History of Botany , 1470–1670. By Agnes Arber.     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Dictionary of Microbiology. By M. B. JACOBS, M. J. GERSTEIN and W. G. WALTER.
The Physiology of Reproduction in Fungi. By LILIAN E. HAWKER.
Biology and Control of Smut Fungi. By G. W. FISCHER and C. W. HOLTON.
A Manual of Soil Fungi. By J. C. GILMAN.
Plant Virus Serology. By R. E. F. MATTHEWS.
The Structure of Nucleic Acids and their Role in Protein Synthesis. Edited by E. M. CROOK.
Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology. X. Mitochondria and other Cytoplasmic Inclusions.
An Introduction to the Botany of Tropical Crops. By LESLIE S. COBLEY.
The Underground Organs of Herbage Grasses. By ARTHUR TROUGHTON.     

棕榈科植物的地理分布

棕榈科是一个泛热带分布的科,共有１９８属,约２６７０种,下分６亚科,１４族。贝叶棕族是最原始的族,低地榈族则最进化。本科植物在世界上的分布可划分为１３个区,其中以印度－马来西区和新热带区的属、种最多。中国只有１６属和８５种,没有特有属。这些种大部分属热带亚洲分布,与热带亚洲植物区系关系非常密切。关于棕榈科起源地问题,有西冈瓦纳起源和劳亚起源之说。根据化石记录和形态特征的分析,棕榈科很可能于早白垩纪