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1.
Berit Samils Ann-Christin R?nnberg-W?stljung Jan Stenlid 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2011,7(6):1219-1235
Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to Melampsora leaf rust was performed in two willow families: the progeny from a backcross between Salix viminalis and a hybrid S. viminalis × Salix schwerinii (population S1), and the F1 progeny of a cross between two S. viminalis (population S3). Disease levels were scored in the field for three consecutive years. In the laboratory, five different rust strains were
sprayed onto leaf disks and the following resistance components were scored: latent period, diameter and number of uredinia,
and flecking. One major QTL and 14 smaller were identified in the S1 host population. One rust strain, that represents a Melampsora form with limited incidence on S. viminalis, showed lower aggressiveness to the S1 host population together with a different pattern in QTLs. In the S3 host population, we detected 13 QTLs for rust resistance, of which two were located to the same genomic regions as those
found for the S1 population. We showed that the strongest QTL co-segregated with a gene homologous to a known Toll/interleukin receptor-nucleotide
binding site-leucine-rich repeat resistance gene in poplar. The importance of the identified QTLs is discussed in relation
to breeding for durable resistance. 相似文献
2.
Genetic analysis of resistance to yellow rust in hexaploid wheat using a mixture model for multiple crosses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Christiansen MJ Feenstra B Skovgaard IM Andersen SB 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(4):581-591
DNA-based molecular markers have been used in numerous studies for tagging specific genes in wheat for subsequent use in marker-assisted
selection. Usually in plant breeding, procedures for mapping genes are based on analysis of a single segregating population.
However, breeding programmes routinely evaluate large numbers of progeny derived from multiple-related crosses with some parental
lines shared. In most such related crosses, the number of progeny is quite small. Thus, statistical techniques for detecting
quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using data from conventional multi-cross breeding programmes are interesting. The objective
of this study is to present a mixture model for QTL mapping in crosses of multiple inbred varieties with non-normal phenotype
distributions and to use this model to map QTLs for yellow rust resistance in elite wheat breeding material. Three doubled
haploid populations consisting of 41, 42 and 55 lines, respectively, originating from four parental varieties were studied.
Multi-cross QTL analysis with three specific pathogen isolates of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and a mixture of the isolates revealed QTLs for resistance at four different genomic locations. These QTLs were found on
chromosome 2AL, 2AS, 2BL and 6BL and explained between 21 and 41% of the phenotypic variation. Two of these QTLs, one on the
long arm of chromosome 2A and one on the short arm of chromosome 2A were identical to the known yellow rust resistance genes
Yr32 and Yr17, respectively, whereas the QTLs located on the long arms of chromosomes 2B and 6B may reflect types of resistance to yellow
rust, which have not previously been mapped. 相似文献
3.
QTL Mapping of Enzymatic Saccharification in Short Rotation Coppice Willow and Its Independence from Biomass Yield 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nicholas J. B. Brereton Frederic E. Pitre Steven J. Hanley Michael J. Ray Angela Karp Richard J. Murphy 《Bioenergy Research》2010,3(3):251-261
Short rotation coppice (SRC) willows (Salix spp.) are fast-growing woody plants which can achieve high biomass yields over short growth cycles with low agrochemical inputs. Biomass from SRC willow is already used for heat and power, but its potential as a source of lignocellulose for liquid transport biofuels has still to be assessed. In bioethanol production from lignocellulose, enzymatic saccharification is used as an approach to release glucose from cellulose in the plant cell walls. In this study, 138 genotypes of a willow mapping population were used to examine variation in enzymatic glucose release from stem biomass to study relationships between this trait and biomass yield traits and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with enzymatic saccharification yield. Significant natural variation was found in glucose yields from willow stem biomass. This trait was independent of biomass yield traits. Four enzyme-derived glucose QTL were mapped onto chromosomes V, X, XI, and XVI, indicating that enzymatic saccharification yields are under significant genetic influence. Our results show that SRC willow has strong potential as a source of bioethanol and that there may be opportunities to improve the breeding programs for willows for increasing enzymatic saccharification yields and biofuel production. 相似文献
4.
Genetic analysis of durable leaf rust resistance in winter wheat 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
M. M. Messmer R. Seyfarth M. Keller G. Schachermayr M. Winzeler S. Zanetti C. Feuillet B. Keller 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(3-4):419-431
Quantitative resistance that delays the epidemic development of leaf rust in wheat is an important source for durable resistance
breeding. The Swiss winter wheat variety ’Forno’ shows a high level of quantitative resistance against leaf rust. This resistance
has been effective for more than 10 years and can therefore be considered to be durable. In order to map quantitative trait
loci (QTL) for durable leaf rust resistance we analysed 204 F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of the cross between the winter wheat ’Forno’ and the winter spelt ’Oberkulmer’ for their
level of leaf rust resistance (LR) and leaf tip necrosis (LTN) in four different environments. Both traits showed a continuous
distribution and were significantly correlated (r=−0.5). Across environments we detected 8 QTL for leaf rust resistance (6 inherited from ’Forno’) and 10 QTL for the quantitative
expression of LTN (6 inherited from ’Forno’). Of the 6 QTL responsible for the durable leaf rust resistance of ’Forno’, 1
major QTL coincided with a thaumatin locus on 7BL explaining 35% of the phenotypic variance. Four QTL for LR coincided with
QTL for LTN. At these loci the alleles of ’Forno’ increased the level of resistance as well as the extent of LTN, indicating
pleiotropy.
Received: 1 July 1999 / Accepted: 30 July 1999 相似文献
5.
Mapping resistance to Southern rust in a tropical by temperate maize recombinant inbred topcross population 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jines MP Balint-Kurti P Robertson-Hoyt LA Molnar T Holland JB Goodman MM 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,114(4):659-667
Southern rust, caused by Puccinia polysora Underw, is a foliar disease that can severely reduce grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.). Major resistance genes exist, but their effectiveness can be limited in areas where P. polysora is multi-racial. General resistance could be achieved by combining quantitative and race-specific resistances. This would
be desirable if the resistance alleles maintained resistance across environments while not increasing plant maturity. Recombinant
inbred (RI) lines were derived from a cross between NC300, a temperate-adapted all-tropical line, and B104, an Iowa Stiff
Stalk Synthetic line. The RI lines were topcrossed to the tester FR615 × FR697. The 143 topcrosses were scored for Southern
rust in four environments. Time to flowering was measured in two environments. The RI lines were genotyped at 113 simple sequence
repeat markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL) were mapped for both traits. The entry mean heritability estimate for Southern
rust resistance was 0.93. A multiple interval mapping model, including four QTL, accounted for 88% of the variation among
average disease ratings. A major QTL located on the short arm of chromosome 10, explained 83% of the phenotypic variation,
with the NC300 allele carrying the resistance. Significant (P < 0.001), but relatively minor, topcross-by-environment interaction occurred for Southern rust, and resulted from the interaction
of the major QTL with the environment. Maturity and Southern rust rating were slightly correlated, but QTL for the two traits
did not co-localize. Resistance was simply inherited in this population and the major QTL is likely a dominant resistant gene
that is independent of plant maturity. 相似文献
6.
A. Singh M. P. Pandey A. K. Singh R. E. Knox K. Ammar J. M. Clarke F. R. Clarke R. P. Singh C. J. Pozniak R. M. DePauw B. D. McCallum R. D. Cuthbert H. S. Randhawa T. G. Fetch Jr. 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2013,31(2):405-418
Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.), stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. tritici Eriks.) and stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) cause major production losses in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). The objective of this research was to identify and map leaf, stripe and stem rust resistance loci from the French cultivar Sachem and Canadian cultivar Strongfield. A doubled haploid population from Sachem/Strongfield and parents were phenotyped for seedling reaction to leaf rust races BBG/BN and BBG/BP and adult plant response was determined in three field rust nurseries near El Batan, Obregon and Toluca, Mexico. Stripe rust response was recorded in 2009 and 2011 nurseries near Toluca and near Njoro, Kenya in 2010. Response to stem rust was recorded in field nurseries near Njoro, Kenya, in 2010 and 2011. Sachem was resistant to leaf, stripe and stem rust. A major leaf rust quantitative trait locus (QTL) was identified on chromosome 7B at Xgwm146 in Sachem. In the same region on 7B, a stripe rust QTL was identified in Strongfield. Leaf and stripe rust QTL around DArT marker wPt3451 were identified on chromosome 1B. On chromosome 2B, a significant leaf rust QTL was detected conferred by Strongfield, and at the same QTL, a Yr gene derived from Sachem conferred resistance. Significant stem rust resistance QTL were detected on chromosome 4B. Consistent interactions among loci for resistance to each rust type across nurseries were detected, especially for leaf rust QTL on 7B. Sachem and Strongfield offer useful sources of rust resistance genes for durum rust breeding. 相似文献
7.
L. A. Ziems L. T. Hickey C. H. Hunt E. S. Mace G. J. Platz J. D. Franckowiak D. R. Jordan 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2014,127(5):1199-1212
Key message
“To find stable resistance using association mapping tools, QTL with major and minor effects on leaf rust reactions were identified in barley breeding lines by assessing seedlings and adult plants.”Abstract
Three hundred and sixty (360) elite barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) breeding lines from the Northern Region Barley Breeding Program in Australia were genotyped with 3,244 polymorphic diversity arrays technology markers and the results used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring a reaction to leaf rust (Puccinia hordei Otth). The F3:5 (Stage 2) lines were derived or sourced from different geographic origins or hubs of international barley breeding ventures representing two breeding cycles (2009 and 2011 trials) and were evaluated across eight environments for infection type at both seedling and adult plant stages. Association mapping was performed using mean scores for disease reaction, accounting for family effects using the eigenvalues from a matrix of genotype correlations. In this study, 15 QTL were detected; 5 QTL co-located with catalogued leaf rust resistance genes (Rph1, Rph3/19, Rph8/14/15, Rph20, Rph21), 6 QTL aligned with previously reported genomic regions and 4 QTL (3 on chromosome 1H and 1 on 7H) were novel. The adult plant resistance gene Rph20 was identified across the majority of environments and pathotypes. The QTL detected in this study offer opportunities for breeding for more durable resistance to leaf rust through pyramiding multiple genomic regions via marker-assisted selection. 相似文献8.
Dominik Losert Hans Peter Maurer Willmar L. Leiser Tobias Würschum 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2017,130(4):685-696
Key message
Genome-wide association mapping of resistance against the novel, aggressive ‘Warrior’ race of yellow rust in triticale revealed a genetic architecture with some medium-effect QTL and a quantitative component, which in combination confer high levels of resistance on both leaves and ears.Abstract
Yellow rust is an important destructive fungal disease in small grain cereals and the exotic ‘Warrior’ race has recently conquered Europe. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic architecture of yellow rust resistance in hexaploid winter triticale as the basis for a successful resistance breeding. To this end, a diverse panel of 919 genotypes was evaluated for yellow rust infection on leaves and ears in multi-location field trials and genotyped by genotyping-by-sequencing as well as for known Yr resistance loci. Genome-wide association mapping identified ten quantitative trait loci (QTL) for yellow rust resistance on the leaves and seven of these also for ear resistance. The total genotypic variance explained by the QTL amounted to 44.0% for leaf and 26.0% for ear resistance. The same three medium-effect QTL were identified for both traits on chromosomes 1B, 2B, and 7B. Interestingly, plants pyramiding the resistance allele of all three medium-effect QTL were generally most resistant, but constitute less than 5% of the investigated triticale breeding material. Nevertheless, a genome-wide prediction yielded a higher predictive ability than prediction based on these three QTL. Taken together, our results show that yellow rust resistance in winter triticale is genetically complex, including both medium-effect QTL as well as a quantitative resistance component. Resistance to the novel ‘Warrior’ race of this fungal pathogen is consequently best achieved by recurrent selection in the field based on identified resistant lines and can potentially be assisted by genomic approaches.9.
Arron Hyrum Carter X. M. Chen K. Garland-Campbell K. K. Kidwell 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(6):1119-1128
Over time, many single, all-stage resistance genes to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are circumvented by race changes in the pathogen. In contrast, high-temperature, adult-plant resistance (HTAP), which
only is expressed during the adult-plant stage and when air temperatures are warm, provides durable protection against stripe
rust. Our objective was to identify major quantitative trait loci (QTL) for HTAP resistance to stripe rust in the spring wheat
cultivar ‘Louise’. The mapping population consisted of 188 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from a Louise (resistant) by ‘Penawawa’
(susceptible) cross. F5:6 lines were evaluated for stripe rust reaction under natural infection in replicated field trials at five locations in the
US Pacific Northwest in 2007 and 2008. Infection type (IT) and disease severity were recorded for each RIL 2–4 times per location.
In all environments, Penawawa, the susceptible parent, was rated with an IT ranging from 6 to 8 at all growth stages evaluated.
In contrast, Louise, the resistant parent, was rated with an IT of 2 or 3 across growth stages. Distribution of IT values
was bimodal, indicating a single major gene was affecting the trait. The parents and RIL population were evaluated with 295
polymorphic simple sequence repeat and one single nucleotide polymorphism markers. One major QTL, designated QYrlo.wpg-2BS, associated with HTAP resistance in Louise, was detected on chromosome 2BS (LOD scores ranging from 5.5 to 62.3 across locations
and years) within a 16.9 cM region flanked by Xwmc474 and Xgwm148. SSR markers associated with QYrlo.wpg-2BS are currently being used in marker-based forward breeding strategies to transfer the target region into adapted germplasm
to improve the durability of resistance in resulting cultivars. 相似文献
10.
A. Singh R. E. Knox R. M. DePauw A. K. Singh R. D. Cuthbert H. L. Campbell S. Shorter S. Bhavani 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2014,127(11):2465-2477
Key message
In wheat, advantageous gene-rich or pleiotropic regions for stripe, leaf, and stem rust and epistatic interactions between rust resistance loci should be accounted for in plant breeding strategies.Abstract
Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. tritici Eriks) contribute to major production losses in many regions worldwide. The objectives of this research were to identify and study epistatic interactions of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for stripe and leaf rust resistance in a doubled haploid (DH) population derived from the cross of Canadian wheat cultivars, AC Cadillac and Carberry. The relationship of leaf and stripe rust resistance QTL that co-located with stem rust resistance QTL previously mapped in this population was also investigated. The Carberry/AC Cadillac population was genotyped with DArT® and simple sequence repeat markers. The parents and population were phenotyped for stripe rust severity and infection response in field rust nurseries in Kenya (Njoro), Canada (Swift Current), and New Zealand (Lincoln); and for leaf rust severity and infection response in field nurseries in Canada (Swift Current) and New Zealand (Lincoln). AC Cadillac was a source of stripe rust resistance QTL on chromosomes 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 5B, and 7B; and Carberry was a source of resistance on chromosomes 2B, 4B, and 7A. AC Cadillac contributed QTL for resistance to leaf rust on chromosome 2A and Carberry contributed QTL on chromosomes 2B and 4B. Stripe rust resistance QTL co-localized with previously reported stem rust resistance QTL on 2B, 3B, and 7B, while leaf rust resistance QTL co-localized with 4B stem rust resistance QTL. Several epistatic interactions were identified both for stripe and leaf rust resistance QTL. We have identified useful combinations of genetic loci with main and epistatic effects. Multiple disease resistance regions identified on chromosomes 2A, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, and 7B are prime candidates for further investigation and validation of their broad resistance. 相似文献11.
A. Singh R. E. Knox R. M. DePauw A. K. Singh R. D. Cuthbert H. L. Campbell D. Singh S. Bhavani T. Fetch F. Clarke 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2013,126(8):1951-1964
Stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) is responsible for major production losses in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) around the world. The spread of stem rust race Ug99 and variants is a threat to worldwide wheat production and efforts are ongoing to identify and incorporate resistance. The objectives of this research were to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) and to study their epistatic interactions for stem rust resistance in a population derived from the Canadian wheat cultivars AC Cadillac and Carberry. A doubled haploid (DH) population was developed and genotyped with DArT® and SSR markers. The parents and DH lines were phenotyped for stem rust severity and infection response to Ug99 and variant races in 2009, 2010 and 2011 in field rust nurseries near Njoro, Kenya, and to North American races in 2011 and 2012 near Swift Current, SK, Canada. Seedling infection type to race TTKSK was assessed in a bio-containment facility in 2009 and 2012 near Morden, MB. Eight QTL for stem rust resistance and three QTL for pseudo-black chaff on nine wheat chromosomes were identified. The phenotypic variance (PV) explained by the stem rust resistance QTL ranged from 2.4 to 48.8 %. AC Cadillac contributed stem rust resistance QTL on chromosomes 2B, 3B, 5B, 6D, 7B and 7D. Carberry contributed resistance QTL on 4B and 5A. Epistatic interactions were observed between loci on 4B and 5B, 4B and 7B, 6D and 3B, 6D and 5B, and 6D and 7B. The stem rust resistance locus on 6D interacted synergistically with 5B to improve the disease resistance through both crossover and non-crossover interactions depending on the environment. Results from this study will assist in planning breeding for stem rust resistance by maximizing QTL main effects and epistatic interactions. 相似文献
12.
Studer B Boller B Bauer E Posselt UK Widmer F Kölliker R 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(1):9-17
Crown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. lolii, is one of the most important diseases of temperate forage grasses, such as ryegrasses (Lolium spp.), affecting yield and nutritional quality. Therefore, resistance to crown rust is a major goal in ryegrass breeding
programmes. In a two-way pseudo-testcross population consisting of 306 Lolium multiflorum individuals, multisite field evaluations as well as alternative methods based on artificial inoculation with natural inoculate
in controlled environments were used to identify QTLs controlling resistance to crown rust. Disease scores obtained from glasshouse
and leaf segment test (LST) evaluations were highly correlated with scores from a multisite field assessment (r = 0.66 and 0.79, P < 0.01, respectively) and thus confirmed suitability of these methods for crown rust investigations. Moreover, QTL mapping
based on a linkage map consisting of 368 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers
revealed similar results across different phenotyping methods. Two major QTLs were consistently detected on linkage group
(LG) 1 and LG 2, explaining up to 56% of total phenotypic variance (V
p). Nevertheless, differences between position and magnitude of QTLs were observed among individual field locations and suggested
the existence of specific local pathogen populations. The present study not only compared QTL results among crown rust evaluation
methods and environments, but also identified molecular markers closely linked to previously undescribed QTLs for crown rust
resistance in Italian ryegrass with the potential to be applied in marker-assisted forage crop breeding.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
13.
Quantitative trait loci for resistance to herbivores in willow: field experiments with varying soils and climates 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A.C. Rönnberg-Wästljung I. Åhman C. Glynn & O. Widenfalk 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2006,118(2):163-174
As a basis for genetic improvement of willow (Salix spp.) for use in wood biomass production, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for resistance to herbivores have been identified in a tetraploid hybrid F2 population originating from a cross between Salix dasyclados (Wimm.) and Salix viminalis (L.) (Salicaceae). Symptoms of herbivory, caused by various insects and game, and, in addition, leaf rust, were assessed in three field locations with varying soils and climates. Eleven damage traits (lost leaf area, leaf discoloration, leaf blisters, leaf‐mite symptoms, leaf‐margin cuts, and various estimates of shoot‐tip damage by a gall midge, game, and lepidopterans) were submitted to QTL analysis. A composite interval mapping approach was used to estimate the number of QTLs, the magnitude of the QTLs, and their position on genetic linkage maps. Most of the identified QTLs were specific for each trait and location, but a few QTLs common across the locations were also detected. Each QTL explained between 8 and 24% of the phenotypic variation, depending on damage trait and field location. Clusters of QTLs for different traits were found at several linkage groups, indicating either a common genetic base or tightly linked QTL. Our results emphasize the need for verification of QTL studies over different environments. 相似文献
14.
Identification of QTLs for resistance to Fusarium head blight, DON accumulation and associated traits in the winter wheat variety Arina 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Draeger R Gosman N Steed A Chandler E Thomsett M Srinivasachary Schondelmaier J Buerstmayr H Lemmens M Schmolke M Mesterhazy A Nicholson P 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(5):617-625
Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat has become a serious threat to wheat crops in numerous countries. In addition to loss
of yield and quality, this disease is of primary importance because of the contamination of grain with mycotoxins such as
deoxynivalenol (DON). The Swiss winter cultivar Arina possesses significant resistance to FHB. The objective of this study
was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to FHB, DON accumulation and associated traits in grain in a double
haploid (DH) population from a cross between Arina and the FHB susceptible UK variety Riband. FHB resistance was assessed
in five trials across different years and locations. Ten QTL for resistance to FHB or associated traits were detected across
the trials, with QTL derived from both parents. Very few of the QTL detected in this study were coincident with those reported
by authors of two other studies of FHB resistance in Arina. It is concluded that the FHB resistance of Arina, like that of
the other European winter wheat varieties studied to date, is conferred by several genes of moderate effect making it difficult
to exploit in marker-assisted selection breeding programmes. The most significant and stable QTL for FHB resistance was on
chromosome 4D and co-localised with the Rht–D1 locus for height. This association appears to be due to linkage of deleterious genes to the Rht-D1b (Rht2) semi-dwarfing allele rather than differences in height per se. This association may compromise efforts to enhance FHB resistance
in breeding programmes using germplasm containing this allele. 相似文献
15.
Jianli Chen Chenggen Chu Edward J. Souza Mary J. Guttieri Xianming Chen Steven Xu David Hole Robert Zemetra 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2012,29(3):791-800
High-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) is a durable type of resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). This study identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring HTAP resistance to stripe rust in a population consisting
of 169 F8:10 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between a susceptible cultivar Rio Blanco and a resistant germplasm
IDO444. HTAP resistance was evaluated for both disease severity and infection type under natural infection over two years
at two locations. The genetic linkage maps had an average density of 6.7 cM per marker across the genome and were constructed
using 484 markers including 96 wheat microsatellite (SSR), 632 Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) polymorphisms, two sequence-tagged-site
(STS) from semi-dwarf genes Rht1 and Rht2, and two markers for low molecular-weight glutenin gene subunits. QTL analysis detected a total of eight QTL significantly
associated with HTAP resistance to stripe rust with two on chromosome 2B, two on 3B and one on each of 1A, 4A, 4B and 5B.
QTL on chromosomes 2B and 4A were the major loci derived from IDO444 and explained up to 47 and 42% of the phenotypic variation
for disease severity and infection type, respectively. The remaining five QTL accounted for 7–10% of the trait variation.
Of these minor QTL, the resistant alleles at the two QTL QYrrb.ui-3B.1 and QYrrb.ui-4B derived from Rio Blanco and reduced infection type only, while the resistant alleles at the other three QTL, QYrid.ui-1A, QYrid.ui-3B.2 and QYrid.ui-5B, all derived from IDO444 and reduced either infection type or disease severity. Markers linked to 2B and 4A QTL should be
useful for selection of HTAP resistance to stripe rust. 相似文献
16.
Fengqi Zhang Junyan Huang Minqiang Tang Xiaohui Cheng Yueying Liu Chaobo Tong Jingyin Yu Tehrim Sadia Caihua Dong Lingyan Liu Baojun Tang Jianguo Chen Shengyi Liu 《植物学报(英文版)》2019,61(1):75-88
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is an allotetraploid with two subgenomes descended from a common ancestor. Accordingly, its genome contains syntenic regions with many duplicate genes, some of which may have retained their original functions, whereas others may have diverged. Here, we mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for stem rot resistance (SRR), a disease caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and flowering time (FT) in a recombinant inbred line population. The population was genotyped using B. napus 60K single nucleotide polymorphism arrays and phenotyped in six (FT) and nine (SSR) experimental conditions or environments. In total, we detected 30 SRR QTL and 22 FT QTL and show that some of the major QTL associated with these two traits were co-localized, suggesting a genetic linkage between them. Two SRR QTL on chromosome A2 and two on chromosome C2 were shown to be syntenic, suggesting the functional conservation of these regions. We used the syntenic properties of the genomic regions to exclude genes for selection candidates responsible for QTL-associated traits. For example, 152 of the 185 genes could be excluded from a syntenic A2-C2 region. These findings will help to elucidate polyploid genomics in future studies, in addition to providing useful information for B. napus breeding programs. 相似文献
17.
Jennifer Häberle Josef Holzapfel Günther Schweizer Lorenz Hartl 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(2):325-332
We report on the verification of a resistance quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 1BL (now designated Qfhs.lfl-1BL) which had been previously identified in the winter wheat cultivar Cansas. For a more precise estimation of the QTL effect
and its influence on plant height and heading date lines with a more homogeneous genetic background were created and evaluated
in four environments after spray inoculation with Fusarium culmorum. Qfhs.lfl-1BL reduced FHB severity by 42% relative to lines without the resistance allele. This QTL did not influence plant height, but
significantly delayed heading date by one day. All of the most resistant genotypes of the verification population carried
this major QTL displaying its importance for disease resistance. This resistance QTL has not only been found in the cultivar
Cansas, but also in the three European winter wheat cultivars Biscay, History and Pirat. A subsequent meta-analysis confirmed
the presence of a single QTL on the long arm of chromosome 1B originating from the four mentioned cultivars. Altogether, the
results of the present study indicate that Qfhs.lfl-1BL is an important component of FHB resistance in European winter wheat and support the view that this QTL would be effective
and valuable in backcross breeding programmes.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
18.
Allelic variation for broad‐spectrum resistance and susceptibility to bacterial pathogens identified in a rice MAGIC population
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Ana M. Bossa‐Castro Cheick Tekete Chitra Raghavan Emily E. Delorean Alexis Dereeper Karim Dagno Ousmane Koita Gloria Mosquera Hei Leung Valérie Verdier Jan E. Leach 《Plant biotechnology journal》2018,16(9):1559-1568
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) that confer broad‐spectrum resistance (BSR), or resistance that is effective against multiple and diverse plant pathogens, have been elusive targets of crop breeding programmes. Multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) populations, with their diverse genetic composition and high levels of recombination, are potential resources for the identification of QTL for BSR. In this study, a rice MAGIC population was used to map QTL conferring BSR to two major rice diseases, bacterial leaf streak (BLS) and bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars (pv.) oryzicola (Xoc) and oryzae (Xoo), respectively. Controlling these diseases is particularly important in sub‐Saharan Africa, where no sources of BSR are currently available in deployed varieties. The MAGIC founders and lines were genotyped by sequencing and phenotyped in the greenhouse and field by inoculation with multiple strains of Xoc and Xoo. A combination of genomewide association studies (GWAS) and interval mapping analyses revealed 11 BSR QTL, effective against both diseases, and three pathovar‐specific QTL. The most promising BSR QTL (qXO‐2‐1, qXO‐4‐1 and qXO‐11‐2) conferred resistance to more than nine Xoc and Xoo strains. GWAS detected 369 significant SNP markers with distinguishable phenotypic effects, allowing the identification of alleles conferring disease resistance and susceptibility. The BSR and susceptibility QTL will improve our understanding of the mechanisms of both resistance and susceptibility in the long term and will be immediately useful resources for rice breeding programmes. 相似文献
19.
<Emphasis Type="Italic">Yr32</Emphasis> for resistance to stripe (yellow) rust present in the wheat cultivar Carstens V 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Eriksen L Afshari F Christiansen MJ McIntosh RA Jahoor A Wellings CR 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2004,108(3):576-575
Stripe or yellow rust of wheat, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is an important disease in many wheat-growing regions of the world. A number of major genes providing resistance to stripe rust have been used in breeding, including one gene that is present in the differential tester Carstens V. The objective of this study was to locate and map a stripe rust resistance gene transferred from Carstens V to Avocet S and to use molecular tools to locate a number of genes segregating in the cross Savannah/Senat. One of the genes present in Senat was predicted to be a gene that is present in Carstens V. For this latter purpose, stripe rust response data from both seedling and field tests on a doubled haploid population consisting of 77 lines were compared to an available molecular map for the same lines using a non-parametric quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. Results obtained in Denmark suggested that a strong component of resistance with the specificity of Carstens V was located in chromosome arm 2AL, and this was consistent with chromosome location work undertaken in Australia. Since this gene segregated independently of Yr1, the only other stripe rust resistance gene known to be located in this chromosome arm, it was designated Yr32. Further QTLs originating from Senat were located in chromosomes 1BL, 4D, and 7DS and from Savannah on 5B, but it was not possible to characterize them as unique resistance genes in any definitive way. Yr32 was detected in several wheats, including the North American differential tester Tres.An erratum to this article can be found at
Communicated by G. Wenzel 相似文献
20.
Gurung S Mamidi S Bonman JM Jackson EW del Río LE Acevedo M Mergoum M Adhikari TB 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,123(6):1029-1041
Tan spot, caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is a major foliar disease of wheat worldwide. Host plant resistance is the best strategy to manage this disease. Traditionally,
bi-parental mapping populations have been used to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting tan spot resistance
in wheat. The association mapping (AM) could be an alternative approach to identify QTL based on linkage disequilibrium (LD)
within a diverse germplasm set. In this study, we assessed resistance to P. tritici-repentis races 1 and 5 in 567 spring wheat landraces from the USDA-ARS National Small Grains Collection (NSGC). Using 832 diversity
array technology (DArT) markers, QTL for resistance to P. tritici-repentis races 1 and 5 were identified. A linear model with principal components suggests that at least seven and three DArT markers
were significantly associated with resistance to P. tritici-repentis races 1 and 5, respectively. The DArT markers associated with resistance to race 1 were detected on chromosomes 1D, 2A, 2B,
2D, 4A, 5B, and 7D and explained 1.3–3.1% of the phenotypic variance, while markers associated with resistance to race 5 were
distributed on 2D, 6A and 7D, and explained 2.2–5.9% of the phenotypic variance. Some of the genomic regions identified in
this study correspond to previously identified loci responsible for resistance to P. tritici-repentis, offering validation for our AM approach. Other regions identified were novel and could possess genes useful for resistance
breeding. Some DArT markers associated with resistance to race 1 also were localized in the same regions of wheat chromosomes
where QTL for resistance to yellow rust, leaf rust and powdery mildew, have been mapped previously. This study demonstrates
that AM can be a useful approach to identify and map novel genomic regions involved in resistance to P. tritici-repentis. 相似文献