Wardium longosacco (Joyeux & Baer, 1939) n. comb. (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) parasite de Charadrius marginatus (Aves: Charadrii) d'Afrique du sud

The authors describe and illustrate Wardium longosacco (Joyeux & Baer, 1939) n. comb. (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) collected from Charadrius marginatus from South Africa. The species with a strobila 7 cm long is characterised by one crown of ten aploparaksoid hooks 27–30 m long, a simple genital atrium, a long evaginated cirrus (120 m) which is glabrous, regularly cylindrical and slender (12–6.5 m in diameters) and a simple, tubular, membranous vagina. The species Hymenolepis clandestina sensu Deblock (1964) nec (Krabbe, 1869) is a synonym of W. longosacco (Joyeux & Baer,1939) n. comb.     

Cestodes of the horned grebe <Emphasis Type="Italic">Podiceps auritus</Emphasis> (L.) (Aves: Podicipedidae) from Lake Myvatn,Iceland, with the description of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Confluaria islandica</Emphasis> n. sp. (Hymenolepididae)

Three cestode species are recorded from Podiceps auritus at Lake Myvatn, Iceland: Tatria minor Kowalewski, 1904 (Amabiliidae), Confluaria furcifera (Krabbe, 1869) and C. islandica n. sp. (Hymenolepididae). C. islandica n. sp. is described on the basis of specimens reported by Baer (1962) as 'Hymenolepis capillaris (Krabbe, 1869)' and newly-collected specimens. It is unique among Confluaria spp. in having: a muscular, thick-walled genital atrium with its proximal end divided into male and female canals; distinct microtriches covering the surface of the rhynchus; and a short, cylindrical cirrus. The shape and the total length of the rostellar hooks are most similar to those of C. capillaris (Rudolphi, 1810), but differ in having a long handle and a relatively small epiphyseal thickening rather than a short handle and the large epiphyseal thickening. The allopatry of the NE Atlantic population of P. auritus is believed to have been a prerequisite for the formation of its specific helminth fauna. Both C. furcifera and T. minor are recorded for the first time in Iceland.     

A description of Cinclotaenia georgievi n. sp. (Cestoda: Dilepididae), a tapeworm from the dipper Cinclus cinclus (L.) (Passeriformes: Cinclidae)

Cinclotaenia sp., described originally by Georgiev & Genov (1985) from the dipper Cinclus cinclus (L.) in Bulgaria, has recently been identified from the same host in the Carpathian Mountains in the Slovak Republic. This tapeworm is considered to be a new species, which is named C. georgievi n. sp. It is characterised by: a scolex armed with 23-27 (predominantly 24-26) hooks in two rows; hooks 30.5-36 microm long, with a blade 10-13.5 microm long and resembling in shape the diorchoid hooks of hymenolepidids; irregularly alternating genital pores with simple genital atria; a slightly conical cirrus armed by small spines of up to 3 microm in length; 24-51 testes posterior to a bi-alate, branched ovary; a gravid uterus filled with egg packets; and eggs with filaments. C. georgievi n. sp. differs from the closely-related C. tarnogradskii (Dinnik, 1927) in the slightly higher number of rostellar hooks, which have longer blades, and a larger cirrus.     

Wardium canarisi n. sp. (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) parasite de Arenaria melanocephala (Aves: Charadrii) d'Alaska

The authors describe and illustrate Wardium canarisi n. sp. (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae), an intestinal parasite of Arenaria melanocephala (Aves: Charadrii) from Alaska, characterised by a strobila 20–40 mm long, 10 aploparaksoid hooks 19–21 m long, a short cylindrical cirrus (40 m) covered with very minute spines (0.2 m), and a short (8–18 m) and extremely narrow (1 m) copulatory vagina. These characters have no equivalent, even approximate, among the 27 species of Wardium parasitic in the Charadrii which are reviewed. The genus Debrosia Spassky, 1987 appears to be justified.     

A new avian cestode Malika turdi n. spp. Dilepididae: Dipylidiinae) from the golden mountain thrush, Turdus dauma aureus Holandre in Japan

Malika turdi n. spp. (Dilepididae: Dipyliidinae) was described from the small intestine of a golden mountain thrush, Turdus dauma aureus Holandre, at Ogori City, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. By having two rows of rostellar hooks, it resembles M. daviesi, M. himantopodis, M. kalawewaensis, and M. zeylanica, but is readily distinguished from the first three species by having non-spiny cirrus, and from the latter species by having a smaller scolex and more testes. This is the first report of Malika in Japan.     

Parasitic Helminths from Paraguay. I. Sobolevicanthus dlouhyi n.sp. (Cestoda,Hymenoledididae) found in Amazonetta brasiliensis Gmelin

Summary Sobolevicanthus dlouhyi n. sp. is close to S. krabbeella but differs from it firstly by the longer rostellar hooks (83–85 m instead of 56–64 m). The cirrus pouch is shorter in the new species, no longer than the width of the widest proglottis, whereas in S. krabbeella it is twice as long. ac]19810312     

De quelques Hymenolepididae (Cestoda) d'oiseaux Charadrii d'Alaska,dont Nadejdolepis bealli n. sp., parasite de Calidris alpina

Nadejdolepis bealli n. sp. a parasite from Calidris alpina in Alaska (USA), is described and illustrated. It is 3-4 cm long and has: rostral nitiduloid hooks 95-96 m long, with the blade a little longer than the handle; three testes in a symmetrical triangle; a cirrus-sac 175 m long, not crossing the median line; a cirrus borne on an unarmed basal bulb, 25 m long when evaginated, and armed with numerous, compact and very thin spines 1 m long; a short (25 m) membranous and tubular vagina with neither a sclerotinoid section nor a sphincter; and a pyriform seminal receptacle. The species is differentiated from the other species of the genus with rostral hooks of comparable length by the configuration of the male and female genital ducts; they have no equivalent particularly in the shortness of the evaginated cirrus and the type of spines with which it is armed. Mention is also made of the presence of Nadejdolepis paranitidulans (Golikova, 1959) and Wardium amphitricha (Rudolphi, 1819) from the same host in Alaska.     

Sobolevicanthus transvaalensis n.sp. (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) from the Cape Teal (Anas capensis Gmelin, 1789)

Summary Sobolevicanthus transvaalensis n.sp. is described from the Cape Teal, Anas capensis Gmelin, 1789, collected in the Republic of South Africa. The new species possesses 8 skrjabinoid hooks 78–88 m long (mean 85 m) and a short claviform cirrus-sac 79–143 m long and resembles S. javanensis (Davis, 1945) and S. terraereginae (Johnston, 1913). It can be distinguished from S. javanensis by its shorter cirrus-sac and smaller cirrus diameter, and by differences in the morphology of the accessory sac and vagina and in their position relative to the cirrus-sac. It can be separated from S. terraereginae on the basis of cirrus length and diameter. The basal diameter of the cirrus in S. terraereginae is three times that in S. transvaalensis. ac]19830414     

Raillietina melomyos n. sp. (Cestoda,Davaineidae) from mosaic-tailed rats in Papua New Guinea

Raillietina melomyos n. sp. from the small intestine ofMelomys rufescens in the Western Highlands of Papua New Guinea differs from related species in combinations of the number (170–190) and length (8–11 m) of the rostellar hooks, the number of testes (21–36) and of egg capsules per gravid proglottid (56–92), and in that the cirrus-sac does not reach the longitudinal osmoregulatory canals.     

Galaxitaenia toloi n. gen., n. sp. (Eucestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from Galaxias platei (Pisces: Osmeriformes, Galaxiidae), in the Patagonian region of Argentina

Galaxitaenia n. gen. (Eucestoda: Pseudophyllidea) is proposed to accommodate Galaxitaenia toloi n. gen., n. sp. from Galaxias platei, a freshwater fish inhabiting Andean lakes in Argentine Patagonia. Galaxitaenia belongs to the Triaenophoridae because it possesses a marginal genital pore, a ventral uterine pore, and a follicular vitelline gland. The new genus can be distinguished from other triaenophorids by the following combination of characters: a scolex with a prominent rectangular apical disc without hooks, grooves, or indentations; neck present; segments wider than long to quadrangular; testes in 2 lateral fields, often connected anteriorly; cirrus unarmed; an ovary situated posteriorly; a vagina posterior to the cirrus sac; vitelline follicles medullary, in 2 ventral fields forming 2 wings interrupted medially; a uterus saccate to branched; and eggs without operculum. The types, distribution, and density of microtriches were analyzed on the surface of the tegument of scolex, neck, and immature segments. The presence of tumuli were observed on the apical disc of the scolex. Galaxitaenia toloi n. sp. is the first triaenophorid species recorded in a South American freshwater fish and the fourth helminth parasitizing the intestine of G. platei.     

Bathycestus brayi n. gen. and n. sp. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the deep-sea fish Notacanthus bonaparte in the northeastern Atlantic

Bathycestus brayi n. gen., n. sp. (Pseudophyllidea: Triaenophoridae) is proposed to accommodate a new cestode from a deep-sea fish, the shortfin spine eel Notacanthus bonaparte (Notacanthiformes: Notacanthidae), from the northeastern Atlantic. The new genus is placed in the Triaenophoridae because it possesses a uterine pore on the ventral surface, a marginal genital pore, and a follicular vitellaria. Bathycestus most closely resembles Eubothrioides, Fistulicola, Probothriocephalus, and Pseudeubothrioides, which have also an unarmed scolex, a single set of genital organs per proglottid, an unarmed cirrus, cortical vitellaria, and a compact rather dendritic ovary. It differs from these genera by combination of the following features: a sagittate scolex with a weakly developed apical disc and free posterior margins of bothria, no neck, a long cirrus sac, reaching to the median third of proglottids and angled anteromedially in its proximal part, the posterior position of the vagina in relation to the cirrus sac, the testes in 2 lateral fields confluent postovarially, circumcortical vitellaria continuous longitudinally, and unoperculate eggs. Bathycestus brayi n. sp. is the first cestode to be described from a deep-sea fish of the genus Notacanthus.     

The helminth parasites of the lesser flamingo,Phoeniconaias minor (Geoffroy), from Lake Nakuru,Kenya, including a new cestode,Phoenicolepis nakurensis n.g., n.sp.

Summary Seven species of cestodes and two of nematodes are reported from Phoeniconaias minor from Lake Nakuru, Kenya. Phoenicolepis nakurensis n.g., n.sp. (Hymenolepididae) is characterized by the size and shape of the hooks, scolex and strobila, structure of the terminal genital ducts, presence of an accessory sac, external seminal vesicle and stylet, and absence of an internal seminal vesicle. Gynandrotaenia stammeri. Cladogynia phoeniconaiadis, Flamingolepis tengizi, F. dolguschini and Striatofilaria phoenicopteri are redescribed; all except C. phoeniconaiadis are new for this host and for Kenya. ac]19800210Abbreviations as accessory sac - c cirrus - cs cirrus sac - esv external seminal vesicle - g gland cells - gs glandular sheath - isv internal seminal vesicle - md muscular duct - Mg Mehlis' gland - o ovary - pg prostate gland cells - s stylet - sr seminal receptacle - u uterus - v vagina - vd vas deferens - vg vitelline gland     

Observations on species of Discocriconemella De Grisse & Loof, 1965 and Macroposthonia de Man, 1880 (Nematoda: Tylenchida: Criconematidae) from Ecuador, with the proposal of M. napoensis n. sp. and M. planilobata n. sp.

Macroposthonia napoensis n. sp. and M. planilobata n. sp. from Ecuador are described and illustrated. Differential characters of M. napoensis are: first annule with four enlarged submedian lobes but not giving the lip region a disc–like appearance , vagina sigmoid, none or very few anastomoses, a poorly–developed spermatheca, L = 0.33–0.42 mm, V = 89–93, stylet = 55–74 µ and R = 73–79. M. planilobata n. sp. can be distinguished by the four large and anteriorly flattened submedian lobes which give the lip region a disc–like appearance, a sigmoid vagina, a conoid–rounded tail with coarse annules, L = 0.41–0.49 mm, a = 11.3–13.3, V = 90–94, stylet = 66.5–78.5 µ and R = 75–84. Measurements from populations of Discocriconemella limitanea and M. surinamensis from Ecuador are also provided. D. repleta is accepted as a junior synonym of D. limitanea, and D. heynsi Van den Berg & Marais, 1995 is proposed as a junior synonym of M. surinamensis.     

Pseudangularia gonzalezi n. sp. and Gibsonilepis swifti (Singh, 1952) n. g., n. comb. (Cestoda, Dilepididae) from the House Swift, Apus affinis (J.E. Gray) (Aves, Apodiformes) from Franceville, Republic of Gabon

Nine specimens of Apus affinis (J.E. Gray) were studied at Franceville, Haut-Ogooué Province, Republic of Gabon, for the presence of helminth parasites. Two cestode species of the family Dilepididae were recorded. Pseudangularia gonzalezi n. sp. is distinguished from the most similar species P. europaea Georgiev & Murai, 1993 by having elliptical cirrus-sac, longer vagina, longer rostellar sheath and greater diameter of suckers. An identification key to the species of the genus Pseudangularia Burt, 1938 is proposed. The present study is the first record of the genus Pseudangularia in the Afrotropical Region. Our study confirms that, in dilepidids with vaginal sclerites from swifts, breaking off the cirrus after copulation is a frequent phenomenon. The genus Gibsonilepis n. g. is erected as monotypic for Vitta swifti Singh, 1952 (originally described from the same host species in India) and Gibsonilepis swifti n. comb. is proposed. Gibsonilepis n. g. is distinguished from Vitta Burt, 1938 by its highly elongate rostellum, rostellar sheath much bigger than rostellum, relatively small rostellar hooks possessing strongly developed guard, disc-shaped suckers with weak peripheral musculature and flat or convex central part, long and well-expressed neck, highly lobed two-winged ovary (lobes rounded) and presence of a band consisting of rows of spine-like microtriches along posterior margin of each proglottis. This is the first record of G. swifti in the Afrotropical Region. The separation of G. swifti from the genus Vitta (parasites of swallows) suggests that, contrary to previous opinions, no dilepidid genera are shared by Apodidae (swifts) and Hirundinidae (swallows).     

Australicola pectinatus n. gen. and n. sp. (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea) from the deep-sea fish Beryx splendens from Tasmania

Australicola pectinatus n. gen., n. sp. (Pseudophyllidea: Triaenophoridae) is proposed to accommodate a new cestode from a deep-sea fish, the splendid alfonsino, Beryx splendens Lowe, 1834 (Beryciformes: Berycidae), from the Pacific coast of Tasmania. The new genus is placed in the Triaenophoridae, because it possesses a ventral uterine pore, marginal genital pore, and follicular vitellarium. Australicola is characterized by possessing a massive strobila with very short and wide, markedly craspedote proglottids; vitelline follicles forming a transverse equatorial band; a very deep and narrow genital atrium; a wide, convoluted vaginal canal; and unoperculate eggs. Australicola most closely resembles Eubothrium Nybelin, 1922 and Probothriocephalus Campbell, 1979 in having an unarmed scolex, an unarmed cirrus, the vagina anterior to the cirrus-sac, and cortical vitellaria. It differs from these 2 genera, in addition to the characteristics listed above, in possessing a dendritic rather than an entire ovary. Australicola pectinatus n. sp. is the third cestode described from B. splendens.     

Alcataenia atlantiensis n. sp. (Dilepididae) from the razorbill (Alca torda Linnaeus) in the eastern North Atlantic basin

A new species of Alcataenia is described from razorbills Alca torda Linnaeus from the southern region of the North Sea in the coastal waters of Belgium. It differs from known species of the genus in having 18–20 rostellar hooks measuring 63–74 m in length. Other attributes include a cirrus-sac 145–228 m in length, 36–49 testes and a vitelline gland measuring 114–202 × 59–112 m. This is the first species of Alcataenia described from razorbills and appears to be the only member of the genus which is endemic to the North Atlantic basin.     

Monocercus dokuchaevi sp. n. (Cyclophyllidea: Dilepididae)--a new species of cestodes from shrews of the North-Eastern Asia

A new cestode species, Monocercus dokuchaevi sp. n. is described from shrews of the genus Sorex from the Middle Kolyma plateau (Magadan Province). The new species is most closer to M. soricis (Neiland, 1953) by having regular alteration of genital atriums in the short strobila (up to 10 mm only). The size of rostellar hooks in M. dokuchaevi is intermedial between those in M. soricis and M. arioni (Sibold, 1850). In Monocercus dokuchaevi, the length of rostellar hooks is 0.038-0.045 mm (average 0.045 mm), in M. arioni, average is 0.05 mm, in M. soricis, limits are 0.027-0.033 mm. Two other species of the genus, M. baicalensis Eltyshev, 1971 and M. estavarensis Euzet et Jourdan, 1968, have much longer rostellar hooks, 0.07-0.08 and 0.092-0.106 mm, respectively, whereas the genital atriums in these species are altered irregularly.     

Echinorhynchus trachyrinci n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from macrourid fishes of the northeast Atlantic

Echinorhynchus trachyrinci n. sp. (Palaeacanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) is described from Trachyrincus scabrus (Rafinesque) (Macrouridae: Trachyrincinae) (type-host) and T. murrayi Günther from the northeast Atlantic. The most important diagnostic features of this species are: the number of longitudinal rows of hooks 17–22; the number of hooks per row 17–22+; the maximum length of hook blade 38–52m; the proboscis width 139–224m; and the proboscis length to width ratio 3.9–6.4:1. E. trachyrinci n. sp. is differentiated from E. gadi, E. malacocephali, E. longiproboscis, E. petrotschenkoi, E. melanoglaeae, E. theragrae and E. sebastolobi. Metechinorhynchus malacocephali Parukhin, 1985 is transferred to Echinorhynchus as E. malacocephali n. comb