Time Trends of Helicobacter pylori Resistance to Antibiotics in Children Living in Vienna,Austria

Background: Increase of antibiotic resistance is a worldwide problem. Within the 4 years before the turn of the millennium Helicobacter pylori strains isolated in children living in Vienna, Austria, showed a primary clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance of 20% and 16%, respectively. The aim of this retrospective follow‐up survey was to assess the further development and current antimicrobial resistance status. Methods: Children having undergone upper endoscopy between March 2002 and March 2008 at the same two co‐operating pediatric gastroenterology units which had also been collaborating on the prior assessment were included. H. pylori infection was diagnosed by rapid urease test, histology, and culture. If the latter was positive, susceptibility testing to amoxicillin, clarithromycin and metronidazole by E‐test followed. From March 2004 onwards, susceptibility to levofloxacin, tetracycline and rifampin was additionally assessed. Results: Out of 897 children, 153 had a proven infection with H. pylori and no history of prior eradication treatment. Their median age was 11.5 years (range 0.5–20.9 years). Primary resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole were 34% and 22.9%, respectively; dual resistance was found in 9.8% of the strains; 0.9% was resistant to tetracycline and rifampin, respectively. No case of amoxicillin resistance was detected. The only independent risk factor for clarithromycin resistance turned out to be the origin of a child from Austrian parents. Conclusions: In the last decade, the rate of primary resistance of H. pylori to clarithromycin continued to rise. No significant change was found regarding primary resistance to metronidazole or dual resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin, respectively.     

Does Helicobacter pylori eradication affect symptoms in nonulcer dyspepsia: a 5-year follow-up study

The role of Helicobacter pylori infection in nonulcer dyspepsia remains controversial. To date studies exploring the effect of H. pylori eradication on symptoms have reported conflicting results. Randomised control trials employing validated outcome measures have also been difficult to interpret because of several important issues such as the large placebo response seen in patients with nonulcer dyspepsia and both the natural variability in symptoms and symptom severity with time. The association of symptom improvement with resolution of gastritis has meant that the length of follow up employed in most studies has been insufficient. We report the findings of a randomised placebo controlled trial (n = 100), using a validated symptom questionnaire and 5 year follow up to determine the effect of H. pylori eradication on symptoms in nonulcer dyspepsia. In all 64 that were reviewed at 5 years there was a significant difference between patients who were H. pylori negative and those who remained positive with regard to complete symptom resolution, consumption of relevant medications and peptic ulcer disease development, in favour of active treatment. There was a trend for gradual symptom improvement over time irrespective of H. pylori status, which may reflect the natural history of this condition. For those who remained symptomatic at 5 years, there was no difference in symptom severity based on H. pylori status. The findings of this study support the use of H. pylori eradication in symptomatic patients with nonulcer dyspepsia both to induce symptom resolution and to prevent disease progression.     

中西医结合治疗功能性消化不良的临床分析

目的：探讨中西医结合治疗功能性消化不良的临床疗效。方法：对228例的功能性消化不良患者给予中西医结合治疗,并与120例西医治疗的患者进行疗效对照。结果：中西医结合组与对照组显效率和总有效率分别为1.3％和22．5％、97．8％和71．7％,均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）两组患者都没有发生严重的不良反应。结论：中西医结合辨证治疗疗效显著,值得临床推广。     

中西医结合治疗功能性消化不良的临床分析

目的:探讨中西医结合治疗功能性消化不良的临床疗效。方法:对228例的功能性消化不良患者给予中西医结合治疗,并与120例西医治疗的患者进行疗效对照。结果:中西医结合组与对照组显效率和总有效率分别为1.3%和22.5%、97.8%和71.7%,均有显著性差异(P<0.05)两组患者都没有发生严重的不良反应。结论:中西医结合辨证治疗疗效显著,值得临床推广。     

布拉酵母联合小剂量红霉素 治疗小儿功能性消化不良的临床观察

目的探讨布拉酵母联合小剂量红霉素治疗小儿功能性消化不良(FD)的临床疗效。方法将92例FD患者随机分为对照组(n=46)和观察组(n=46)。对照组单纯用红霉素3～5mg/(kg·d),3次/d饭前服用。观察组在对照组治疗方法基础上联合布拉酵母0.25g/次,2次/d,餐后口服,2周一疗程。随访6个月观察其复发率。结果观察组总有效率(95.65%)明显高于对照组(76.09%),差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。2组患者治疗后HAMD评分均较治疗前下降,但观察组降低幅度显著大于对照组(P0.01)。观察组患者症状消失时间显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。治疗后随访6个月,观察组患者复发率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论布拉酵母联合小剂量红霉素对小儿FD具有显著的临床疗效,患者的复发率较低。     

功能性消化不良患儿Hp 治疗前后的症状及胃排空变化的超声观察

目的:探讨功能性消化不良患儿(Functional Dyspepsia,FD)幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacterpylori,Hp)治疗前后的症状及胃排空变化的超声观察。方法:选择我院6~10岁FD小儿患者70例为FD组,将其中28例Hp阴性者作为Hp阴性组,其余42例Hp阳性者作为治疗组。选取健康小儿72例作为对照组。超声测量入选者服用试餐即刻、20、40、60、90 min的近端、远端胃区面积,计算胃半排空时间。结果:FD组患儿上腹疼痛、上腹烧灼感、腹胀、恶心、嗳气和早饱症状的发生率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);FD组近端、远端、全胃的半排空时间均较对照组慢,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。腹胀、嗳气和早饱是远端胃半排空延迟的危险因素(OR1,P0.05);腹胀和上腹疼痛是全胃半排空延迟的危险因素(OR1,P0.05)。Hp阴性组、Hp治疗组近端、远端、全胃半排空时间较常规治疗组短,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Hp治疗组与Hp阴性组之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:FD患儿的胃排空有所延迟,对Hp感染患儿进行Hp根治有助于消化不良症状的改善,在临床工作中可合理选择应用。     

小剂量奥美拉唑用于治疗功能性消化不良的效果分析

目的:分析小剂量奥美拉唑用于治疗功能性消化不良的临床效果。方法:选取我院2009年10月至2011年8月收治的260例功能性消化不良患者,随机分为观察组(148例)和对照组(112例)。观察组患者采取口服小剂量奥美拉唑进行治疗,对照组患者采取口服埃索美啦唑联合多潘立酮进行治疗。观察并比较两组患者的胃部烧灼感、餐后饱胀、上腹痛、嗳气等临床症状的改善情况。结果:经过两周的治疗,两组治疗患者的胃部烧灼感、上腹痛、嗳气及餐后饱胀等功能性消化不良病症的改善情况没有明显差异(P0.05)。结论:小剂量奥美拉唑用于治疗功能性消化不良,其效果与埃索美拉唑联合多潘立酮药物的治疗效果相当,且患者治疗后的不良反应发生率低,可作为临床治疗功能性消化不良的有效药物。     

Increased serum pancreatic polypeptide and serum gastrin secretion in patients with functional dyspepsia: correlation to the shape of the duodenal loop

Simultaneous measurement of food-stimulated serum pancreatic polypeptide and serum gastrin was carried out in 18 patients with functional dyspepsia and correlated to the shape of the duodenal loop. Significantly higher serum concentrations of pancreatic polypeptide and gastrin were encountered in patients with an abnormal shape of the duodenal loop compared to patients with a normal shape. Although no cause could be given to the phenomenon it may be taken into account when evaluating hormone profiles in patients with functional dyspepsia.     

Pilot studies to identify the optimum duration of concomitant Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in Thailand

Background and Aim: Eradication rate for Helicobacter pylori infection with standard triple therapy has globally declined including in Thailand, and new regimens are required that provide reliable high eradication rates. The study was designed to determine whether concomitant therapy administered for either 5 or 10 days would produce a ≥ 95% (grade A) treatment success in H. pylori infected Thai subjects with nonulcer dyspepsia. Methods: Two prospective, but separate, pilot single‐center studies were carried out during September 2009–December 2010 at Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand. H. pylori infected subjects were randomized into the two pilot studies; either 5‐day or 10‐day concomitant therapy. Thai concomitant therapy consisted of rabeprazole (20 mg) twice daily, amoxicillin 1 g twice daily, metronidazole 400 mg three times a day, and clarithromycin MR 1 g once daily. H. pylori status was assessed by ¹³C‐urea breath test 4 weeks after completion of the treatment. Successful treatment was defined as achieving a grade A result (≥95%) and failure by <90% cured. Results: A total of 110 subjects were randomized (55 to the 5‐day treatment trial and 55 to the 10‐day regimen). Baseline subject demographic and clinical characteristics were similar in both studies. All subjects completed their assigned therapies. The 10‐day concomitant treatment trial was successful in 53 of the 55 subjects (96.4%; 95% CI 87.4–99.5%). The 5‐day concomitant pilot was judged to be a failure as only 49 of 55 subjects (89.1%; 95% CI = 77.7–95.8%) were cured. The frequency of adverse events was low and similar in the two studies. Conclusion: The 10‐day concomitant regimen provided excellent treatment success (eradication rate >95%) and was well tolerated. Ten‐day concomitant therapy is likely to become useful first‐line H. pylori eradication in Thailand.     

Double-dose, new-generation proton pump inhibitors do not improve Helicobacter pylori eradication rate

BACKGROUND: Up to present, omeprazole plus two antibiotics are used for Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy . Few studies have compared double-dose new-generation, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) with omeprazole. Therefore, we conducted a randomized, prospective study to evaluate differences in H. pylori eradication rates by PPI type. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between January 2006 and December 2006, 576 consecutive patients with proven H. pylori infection were enrolled prospectively. Four different PPIs [omeprazole 20 mg b.i.d. (old generation), or pantoprazole 40 mg b.i.d., rabeprazole 20 mg b.i.d., or esomeprazole 40 mg b.i.d. (new generation)] were added to clarithromycin (500 mg b.i.d.) and amoxicillin (1 g b.i.d.) for 1 week. RESULTS: By intention-to-treat analysis, no difference was found between the eradication rates of these four PPIs: 64.9% (omeprazole, n = 148), 69.3% (pantoprazole, n = 140), 69.3% (rabeprazole, n = 140), and 72.9% (esomoprazole, n = 148). When eradication rates were analyzed according to whether patients had an ulcer or not on a per-protocol basis, no difference was found between the eradication rates of the four PPIs. However, side-effects were more common in the esomeprazole-based triple therapy group than in the other groups (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: No convincing evidence was obtained that double-dose new-generation PPIs have better H. pylori eradication rates and tolerability than omeprazole.     

酪酸梭菌联合气滞胃痛颗粒对围绝经期患者功能性消化不良的治疗

目的探讨酪酸梭菌联合气滞胃痛颗粒对围绝经期患者功能性消化不良(MPFD)的治疗。方法将98例MPFD患者随机分为对照组(n=48)和观察组(n=50)。对照组采用酪酸梭菌活菌散剂进行治疗,2g/次,3次/d,口服;观察组在对照组基础上联用气滞胃痛颗粒,5g/次,3次/d,口服;4周为1个疗程。随访6个月观察患者复发率。结果观察组患者显效率为54.00%,总有效率为92.00%;对照组患者显效率为22.92%,总有效率为68.75%。两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。随访6个月后观察组患者复发2例(7.40%),对照组6例(45.45%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论酪酸梭菌联合气滞胃痛颗粒对MPFD患者具有良好的临床疗效。