中国隙蛛属七新种（蜘蛛目：漏斗蛛科）

隙蛛属Ｃｏｅｌｏｔｅｓ隶属呈漏斗蛛科Ａｇｅｌｅｎｉｄａｅ．本文记述隙蛛属蜘蛛七新种：双轮隙Ｃ．ｓｙｚｙｇｉａｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,月形隙蛛Ｃ．ｌｕｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,似阴暗隙蛛Ｃ．ｓｕｂｌｕｃｔｕｏｓｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,弯曲隙Ｃ．ｐａｌｉｎｉｔｒｏｐｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

我国艾蛛属4新种（蜘蛛目：园蛛科）

记述了我国艾蛛属４新种,名称为,柱艾蛛Ｃｙｃｌｏｓａｃｙｌｉｎｄｒａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ畸形艾蛛Ｃ．ｉｎｆｏｒｍｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．小艾蛛Ｃ．ｍｉｎｏｒｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,五突艾蛛Ｃ．ｐｅｎｔａｔｕｂｅｒｃｕｌａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。     

中国管巢蛛属六新种(蜘蛛目:管巢蛛科)

本文记述管巢蛛属Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａ６新种,即环管巢蛛Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,双齿管巢蛛Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａｄｉｄｅｎｔａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,丝歧管巢蛛Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａｆｉｌｏｒａｍｕｌａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,异管管巢蛛Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａｈｅｔｅｒｏｄｕｃｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,曲管巢蛛Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａｔｏｒｔｕｏｓａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,横列管巢蛛Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａｔｒａｎｓｖｅｒｓａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

中国管巢蛛属六亲新种：（蜘蛛目：管巢蛛科）

本文记述管巢蛛属Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａ６新种,即环管巢蛛Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａ ｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,以齿管巢蛛Ｃｈｕｂｉｏｎａ ｄｉｄｅｎｔａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,丝歧管巢蛛Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａ ｆｉｌｏｒａｍｕｌａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,异管管巢蛛Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａ ｈｅｔｅｒｏｄｕｃｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,曲管巢蛛Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａ ｔｏｒｔｕｏｓａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,列管巢蛛Ｃｌｕｂｉｏｎａ ｔｒａｎｓｖｅｒｓａ     

中国红螯蛛属两新种及两种雄蛛新发现(蜘蛛目:管巢蛛科)

本文记述红螯蛛属２新种,即宁明红螯蛛Ｃｈｅｉｒａｃａｎｔｈｉｕｍｎｉｎｇｍｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,和思茅红螯蛛Ｃｈｅｉｒａｃａｎｔｈｉｕｍｓｉｍａｏｅｎｓｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ及２种雄性的补充描述,即粗美红螯蛛ＣｈｅｉｒａｃａｎｔｈｉｕｍｅｘｑｕｅｓｔｉｕｍＺｈａｎｇｅｔＺｈｕ,１９９３和纤红螯蛛ＣｈｅｉｒａｃａｎｔｈｉｕｍｆｉｂｒｏｓｕｍＺｈａｎｇｅｔａｌ,１９９４模式标本保存于湖南省生物研     

中国暗蛛科—新属和二新种的记述（蜘蛛目）

本文记述采自浙江省和湖南省的蜘蛛蝉蛛科Ａｍａｕｒｏｂｉｉｄａｅ一新属和两新种：花冠蛛属,新属Ｃｏｒｏｎｉｌｌａ ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．;蕾形花冠蛛,新种Ｃｏｒｎｉｌｌａ ｇｅｍａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。,装饰花冠蛛,新种Ｃｏｒｏｎｉｌｌａ ｓｉｇｉｌｌａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

内蒙古豹蛛属二新种记述（蜘蛛目：狼蛛科）

本文记述蜘蛛目狼蛛科豹蛛属二新种,矛状豹蛛Ｐａｒｄｏｓａ ｓｉｂｉｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和莫尔豹蛛Ｐａｒｄｏｓａ ｍｏｒｄａｇｉｃａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。前者采自内蒙古赤峰市克什克腾旗,后者采自内蒙古呼伦贝尔盟莫尔道嗄。     

中国微蛛三新种和一新纪录（蜘蛛目：皿蛛科）

本文记述采自长白山区皿蛛科微蛛亚科３新种和１新纪录种。新种包括：钩镰蛛Ｄｒｅｐａｎｏｔｙｌｕｓ ａｄｕｎｃｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，圆双突蛛Ｔｉｂｉｏｐｌｏｉｄｅｓ ｃｙｃｌｉｃｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和具结荫湿蛛Ｈｉｌａｉｒａ ｔｕｂｅｒｃｕｌｉｆｅｒａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本均保存于白求恩医科大学生物教研室。     

中国屿蛛属一新种（蜘蛛目：皿蛛科：微蛛亚科）

屿蛛属Ｎａｓｏｏｎａ Ｌｏｃｋｅｔ,１９８２为中国新记录属。黑斑屿蛛,新种Ｎａｓｏｏｎａ ｎｉｇｒｏｍａｃｕｌａｔａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。模式标本保存于白求恩医科大学生物教研室。     

中国栉足蛛科2新种（蛛形纲：蜘蛛目）

记述我国栉足蛛科（Ｃｔｅｎｉｄａｅ）２新种,命名为简安蛛,新种Ａｎａｈｉｔａ ｓａｎｐｌｅｘａ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和道县弱栉蛛Ｌｅｐｔｏｃｔｅｎｕｓ ｄａｏｘｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

广西金钟山鸟类保护区鸟类多样性初步研究

本文共记录到金钟山鸟类274种,分别隶属于18目57科,其中陆生鸟类251种,水鸟23种;以留鸟为主,共157种;候鸟、旅鸟分别为104种、13种;东洋种为优势类群,共有171种,古北种和广布种分别为4种、27种。这些鸟类中有国家重点保护鸟类39种,中国特有种鸟类3种,列入世界自然保护联盟红皮书名录中的鸟类5种,列入中国濒危动物红皮书名录中的鸟类20种,列入CITES附录中的鸟类34种。本文还对金钟山鸟类保护区的5种不同生境类型的鸟类种类组成作了比较,结果表明灌丛＋农田的鸟种多样性指数最高,为3．04;水域的鸟种多样性指数最低,为2．14。     

新疆蝗总科区系研究

新疆现有蝗虫１５７种,它们分别隶属于８科６２属。在１５７种蝗虫中,古北种占绝对优势,有１２０种,其次为特有种,有３５种,广布种甚少,仅２种。在古北种中,中亚种最多,其次为泛古北种,而欧洲西伯利亚种、地中海种和东北种均很少。在８个科中,泛古北种在网翅蝗科中占优势,中亚种在班翅蝗科中占优势,斑腿蝗科在蝗总科中是相当大的一个科,在我国也占有很大优势,但在新疆其属种数量却很少。     

Wood, bark and stem anatomy of New World species of Gnetum

Quantitative and qualitative data are presented for 11 collections of six species. The wide range of character states for the species is presented in the form of a key to emphasize their potential systematic correlations. Distinctive among these are phcllem characteristics. Fibre-tracheids are newly reported for lianoid Gnetum species. Cells previously thought to be like companion cells in secondary phloem are shown to be uniseriate rays, counterparts to uniseriate xylem rays. Laticifers are abundant in most of the species, and are newly described for secondary tissues of Gnetum. Presence of tyloses in laticifers of two species is apparently a new report for vascular plants. Tori are present in two New World Gnetum species, adding to the report in African species. Perforation plates are simple except near or in primary xylem, where they are simple or foraminate. Torus presence and foraminate perforation plate presence are features more reminiscent of Ephedra and other gymnosperms than of angiosperms. The bark of Gnetum is also very similar to that of Ephedra.     

Zebra stripes and tiger stripes: the spatial frequency distribution of the pattern compared to that of the background is significant in display and crypsis

Some striped animals are camouflaged in their natural environment, whereas others are conspicuous. Mammals are known to have spatial frequency analysers in their visual mechanism, and it is suggested that the spatial characteristics of a striped pattern are different in camouflaged and conspicuous animals. Fourier analysis of the stripes of the zebra shows spatial frequencies in the pattern that are unlikely to be present so strongly in their natural background scene. A similar analysis of the camouflaging stripes of a tiger show that the distribution of spatial frequencies are similar to that in the background scene.     

Endemism in the Flora of China—Studies on the Endemic Genera

China, under highly varied ecological conditions resulted from wide latitudinal and altitudinal ranges and from the adequate precipitation, has developed a very rich flora of great diversity. As far as flowering plants are concerned, there are 2980 genera, 214 of which, belonging to 64 families, are endemic. Among these endemic genera, there are 9 genera of taxads and conifers, 19 genera of monocots and others of dicots. Of the approximately 129 herbaceous endemic genera in the Chinese flora as a whole, about 22 (17%) are annual and 107 (83%) are biennial or perennial. In the present paper the ecological distribution, the nature of endemic genera and the centers of endemism are discussed. 1. Three types of endemic genera are distinguished, neoendemics, palaeoendemics and active epibiotics, The endemic genera in the flora of China are, for the most part, considered to be very old ones, and most of them are of temperate nature. 2. the degree of endemism in our 22 floristic regions is shown in Figure 1. The areas richest in endemic genera in the Chinese flora as a whole are the 13, 16 and 17 regions. The poorest are the 2, 4, 9 and 10 regions, and no one in the 1 and 3 regions These results on floristic richness are of general applicability. As shown in table 1, the difference in the degree of endemism among the seven Chinese floristic subkingdoms are most pronounced. 101 endemic genera are known to occur in one subkingdom, 72 to occur in two subkingdoms, and 3 to occur in four subkingdoms, only one genus widely distributed in five subkingdoms. However, there is no genus occurring in seven subkingdoms. The difference in the degree of endemism in each subkingdom reveals that the distribution of endemic genera is not well-distributed in the Chinese flora as a whole. Analysis of the vertical distribution of the 200 endemic genera of the Chinese flora bears out that there is no evident increase in endemism as a whole with altitude. 3. Three centers of endemism are found (Fig. 2). These are as follows: a). Eastern Sichuan-western Hubei center. b). Southeastern Yunnan-western Guangxi center. c). Western Sichuan-northwestern Yunnan center. The degree of endemism andcharacters of endemic genera in each center are discussed.     

潮汕地区农药植物资源初探

潮汕地区农药植物资源十分丰富。初步调查统计共有 88科 2 39种 ,其中蕨类植物 4种 ,裸子植物 6种 ,被子植物2 2 9种 ,这些农药植物均具有杀虫作用。本文对潮汕地区农药植物的研究和合理开发利用提出了若干建议     

土壤微量营养元素对武夷肉桂茶品质的影响

对丹岩区和名岩区各5个取样点的武夷肉桂茶树鲜叶生化成分进行分析。结果表明,名岩区肉桂茶树鲜叶中茶多酚、氨基酸、咖啡碱含量总体均高于丹岩区,名岩区的茶树鲜叶具有比丹岩区更优的物质基础。名岩区产的肉桂成品茶的主要生化成分茶多酚、氨基酸和咖啡碱含量亦略高于丹岩区,其他成分差异不显著。测定武夷肉桂茶树鲜叶和成品茶微量营养元素表明,二者在全铜含量上呈显著性相关,且丹岩区肉桂茶树鲜叶的Cu含量显著高于名岩区。对土壤微量营养元素分析表明,丹岩区的Cu、Zn含量显著高于名岩区,而Fe、Mn含量差异不显著。     

云南小孢发属地衣的分类

报道了云南小孢发属地衣１３种,其中中国新记录种６个,它们是：喜马拉雅小孢发,尼泊尔小孢发,光滑小孢发,光亮小孢发,多叉小孢发,波氏小孢发,另外７种的形态及分布也在文中进行了讨论。     

桂西北典型喀斯特区生态服务价值的环境响应及其空间尺度特征

Study on ecosystem service values (ESVs) is the bridge of understanding ecosystem and economic decision-making. To investigate the response of ESVs to ambient environment and their spatial scales is an urgent work in the process of ecological restoration and sustainable development in southwest China. Based on the previous research results, the remote images, and weather data of 31 years (1975-2005), the response of ESVs to ambient environment and their spatial scales in a typical karst area of northwest Guangxi, China were evaluated with the method of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) in this paper. The results showed that ESVs had obvious variations with changes in elevation, rocky types and soil types, and had corresponding characteristics of spatial scales. The ESVs in middle and low elevation areas were higher, but they decreased due to human activities such as deforestation. The ESVs in peak-cluster depression areas were lower, and they would increase as influenced by policies such as returning farmland to forestland. The ESVs were influenced by rocky types, showing lower values but an increasing trend in the typical karst regions while higher values but a decreasing trend in non-karst regions. The average ESVs in the west part of the study region, which is not only the main nature reserve for rare wildlife species in Guangxi, but also one of the best preserved natural vegetation regions in China, were more than 15,000 RMB Yuan ha-1,. Comparatively, the ESVs were less than 10,000 Yuan ha-1 in the middle part of the region attributed to low vegetation coverage, serious peak-cluster depression and karst rocky desertification. After about 20 years, that is from 1985 to 2005, the ecosystem conditions had been improved and the ESVs had increased in the middle and eastern part of this study region. On the contrary, in most western part, which was dominated by subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, they had been worsened, and the balance values of ESVs were negative. As for the relationships of ESVs with rocky types and soil types, lime soil and red soil were the two main soil types that contributed to ESVs (The total contribution was above 60%, and it is 63.77%,64.37%,64.56%,64.91% respectively in the four years of 1985, 1990, 2000 and 2005.). The variance contribution of intrinsic mode function (IMF) and trend (R) showed that there were obvious special sales for ESVs in this study area, and the main spatial scales were about 2.7 km, 5.5 km, and 11.6 km. The variance contribution ratio was 12.29%, 11.26%, 11.49% respectively, and the trend (R) was high (17.74%). In conclusion, this study indicated that ecosystem conditions in the typical karst area were improved owing to the application of rocky desertification control policies, such as ecological migration and returning farmland to forestland. Besides, the main spatial scales of ESVs in the study area were the interactions of terrain, physiognomy, land use / land cover and human activities.