转TK基因的人结肠癌细胞对多种原药敏感性的研究

构建了含有单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶基因（ＨＳＶ－ＴＫ）的重组逆转录病毒载体ＬＴＫＳＮ,经ＰＡ３１７细胞包装后,感染人结肠癌细胞株ＬｏＶｏ．用Ｇ４１８筛选到稳定表达ＨＳＶ－ＴＫ基因的细胞克隆ＬｏＶｏ／ＬＴＫＳＮ,ＬｏＶｏ／ＬＴＫＳＮ与野生型ＬｏＶｏ细胞相比,生长曲线无明显差异,细胞形态亦无改变,细胞毒试验证明ＬｏＶｏ／ＬＴＫＳＮ对ＧＣＶ的敏感性很高,半杀伤浓度ＩＣ５０为０．５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,比野生型细胞提     

鸡痘病毒NX10株TK基因在病毒复制中不是完全非必需的

【目的】禽痘病毒(FPV)是痘病毒科禽痘病毒属的成员。FPV因其基因组庞大,含有大量复制非必需区,目前作为活病毒载体在禽类和哺乳动物中广泛使用。重组位点的选择是禽痘病毒载体构建的先决条件,外源基因的插入不影响病毒复制是筛选插入位点的前提。因此,鉴定可供外源基因插入的复制非必需位点将为重组病毒的构建提供更多选择。本研究拟鉴定FPV NX10株胸苷激酶(TK)基因在病毒复制中的必要性。【方法】以TK基因作为靶基因,增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)为筛选标记构建转移载体,FPV NX10株为亲本病毒,通过同源重组筛选重组病毒r FPV-ΔTK-EGFP。通过在CEF细胞培养物中添加5-溴脱氧尿苷(BUd R)验证TK基因在FPV复制中的作用。【结果】构建了转移载体p UC19-TK AB-EGFP。在转染后重组病毒克隆纯化过程中,蚀斑克隆中绿色荧光病变所占的比例逐渐增加,但在荧光蚀斑的边缘能观察到不带荧光病变的存在。对第9-15轮随机选取的蚀斑克隆的Western blot分析表明,重组病毒中插入的EGFP基因均能够正确表达,但PCR结果显示在重组病毒中始终存在野生型病毒。在细胞培养液中添加BUd R后,重组病毒不能继续生长。【结论】FPV NX10毒株TK基因在该病毒的复制中不是完全非必需的。     

重组含HSV—TK基因腺病毒的构建及对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用

High-titer replication-defective recombinant adenovirus expressing HSV-TK gene was constructed. Firstly, shuttle plasmid pAdCMVTK containing HSV-TK gene and CMV promoter was constructed and then recombined with right arm of adenovirus DNA. Secondly, the positive plaques containing recombinant adenovirus were identified and selected out by PCR and Southern blotting after infection into human embryo kidney 293 cells. The titer of recombinant adenovirus AdCMVTK was determined by plaque forming assay and it was as high as 10(12) pfu/ml. Tumor cells were infected with AdCMVTK and then treated with GCV. Cytotoxic effects were assayed with MTT method. HeLa, A549 and LoVo cells infected with AdCMVTK (M. O. I. = 100) became sensitive to the prodrug GCV, with IC50 less than 4 mumol/L. Significant bystander effect was observed. Results here show that the AdCMVTK/GCV system might be potential in the gene therapy for cancer.     

利用HSV—TK基因治疗肝癌的离体研究

利用ＤＮＡ重组技术，将ＨＳＶ－ＴＫ基因克隆至逆转录病毒载体（ＸＭ－６／ＴＫ）。经ＰＡ３１７细胞包装后，转染人肝癌细胞ＨｅｐＧ２。结果显示，ＸＭ－６／ＴＫ转染ＨｅｐＧ２细胞与野生型相比，其生长特点和细胞形态未有改变。给予抗病毒药物－环氧鸟苷（Ｇａｎｃｉｃｌｏｖｉｒ，ＧＣＶ）后，转染细胞生长受到严重抑制，细胞数量明显降低。细胞学检查证实，ＧＣＶ处理后，转染细胞的死亡率显著增加。本结果提示，应用ＨＳＶ－ＴＫ基因治疗肝癌可能为一种治疗肿瘤新的方法     

CEA启动子控制HSV—TK基因表达对人结直肠癌细胞的杀伤作用

An expression plasmid pCEA-TK, in which HSV-TK gene was under the control of CEA promoter, was constructed. The human colorectal carcinoma cell line LoVo or the human uterine cervical cancer cell line HeLa was co-transfected with pSV2-neo and pCEATK, respectively. After G418 selection, both transgenic cell clones (LoVo/CEATK and HeLa/CEATK) were obtained. LoVo/CEATK cells were 1300 times more sensitive to the cytotoxicity of ganciclovir than LoVo cells. However, the elevation of GCV sensitivity induced by pCEATK gene in HeLa line was only 8 times. Injection of GCV resulted in significant regression of HSV-TK transfected LoVo tumor in nude mice. These data suggested that the expression of TK gene driven by CEA promoter specifically killed CEA-positive colorectal carcinoma cells. Transmission electromicroscopy and DNA fragmentation assay demonstrated that GCV could induce apoptosis in LoVo/CEATK cells. The possibility of the CEATK/GCV system in the treatment of human colorectal carcinoma was discussed.     

浣熊SRY-HMG box的克隆和序列分析

We amplified the 197 bp HMG box sequence by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with primers according to the known SRY sequence from male raccoon genomic DNA, and then cloned and sequenced. The nucleic acid and amino acid sequence comparison between raccoon and other mammals revealed high conservation of the SRY HMG box in mammals (about 80%), which implied that the DNA binding activity was crucial to mediate the action of SRY in sex determination. The variation of raccoon HMG box sequence mainly occurred on purine by replacement and missense mutation, which implicated that only the HMG box protein with advanced structure had efficient activity. The homology and difference between mammals HMG box was accorded to the evolution systematic tree.     

表达H5亚型禽流感病毒HA基因和鸡IL-18基因重组禽痘病毒的构建

[目的]获得共表达H5亚型AIV HA基因和鸡IL-18基因的重组禽痘病毒.[方法]将含痘病毒启动子LP2EP2的HA基因和鸡IL-18基因插入到禽痘病毒转移载体pSY681中,获得重组转移载体pSYHA/IL-18.用脂质体将其转染已感染亲本禽痘病毒S-FPV-017株的鸡胚成纤维细胞,使其在鸡胚成纤维细胞内与禽痘病毒基因组发生同源重组,产生表达HA和IL-18的重组禽痘病毒(rFPV-HA-IL-18).在含有X-gal的营养琼脂培养基上进行蓝斑筛选后,对重组禽痘病毒又进行了多次蚀斑克隆.[结果]以重组禽痘病毒DNA为模板,利用HA基因和鸡IL-18基因引物进行PCR,分别扩增出1条约1.7 kb带和1条0.6 kb左右的带.以间接免疫荧光试验、T细胞转化试验和SPF雏鸡免疫接种证实重组禽痘病毒能表达HA和鸡IL-18,并初步证明鸡IL-18增强HA免疫作用.[结论]重组禽痘病毒能表达具有生物学活性的HA和鸡IL-18.     

Nkx2—5基因与心脏发育

心脏发育是一个极其复杂的过程，它涉及胚胎发育过程中不同时间、不同空间的若干基因的先后表达。大量研究表明Ｎｋｘ２－５／Ｃｓｘ基因作为与发育密切相关的同源盒基因（ｈｏｍｅｏｂｏｘｇｅｎｅ）的一种，在心脏发育过程中起重要作用。本文根据已发表的文献资料，系统地阐述Ｎｋｘ２－５基因的结构、表达及其在心脏的调节功能与途径，进而在分子水平上对心脏的发生和发病有更深入的了解。     

非洲爪蟾肌肉决定基因Xmyf—5表达调控的研究

Ｘｍｙｆ－５是爪蟾胚胎肌细胞决定的关键基因之一,研究Ｘｍｙｆ－５的表达调控有助于揭示肌肉原基的形成和肌肉发育的分子机制。从爪蟾部分基因组文库筛选到Ｘｍｙｆ－５５‘上游４．９ｋｂ片段。该片段指导报告基因在爪蟾胚胎内的表达以及其缺失片段指导的报告基因活性分析结果显示,Ｘｍ６ｓｆ－５５’上游４．９ｋｂ片段内含有指导Ｘｎｙｆ－５在胚胎内的表达以及其缺失片段指导的报告基因活性分析结果显示,Ｘｍｙｆ－５５‘     

转TK基因的人结肠癌细胞对多种原药敏感性的研究

构建了含有单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶基因（HSV-TK）的重组逆转录病毒载体LTKSN．经PA317细胞包装后,感染人结肠癌细胞株LoVo．用G418筛选到稳定表达HSV-TK基因的细胞克隆LoVo／LTKSN．LoVo／LTKSN与野生型LoVo细胞相比,生长曲线无明显差异,细胞形态亦无改变．细胞毒试验证明LoVo／LTKSN对GCV的敏感性很高,半杀伤浓度IC50为0.5μmol/L,比野生型细胞提高了4000倍以上．三种不同的原药GCV,ACV和BVDU对LoLo／LTKSN具有效果不等的杀伤作用．BVDU和GCV联合作用效果更好．旁杀伤效果十分明显,低浓度GCV就可以将合10%LoVo／LTKSN的混合细胞中的大部分肿瘤细胞杀死．     

从伪狂犬病病毒中删除Cre/LoxP介导的报告基因

根据pEGFP-C1序列,设计并合成一对引物,通过PCR扩增出两端各含一个同向LoxP位点的GFP表达盒,克隆于转移载体pSKLR获得pSKLR-G-LoxP。通过经典同源重组方法,得到表达GFP的TK基因缺失伪狂犬病毒重组毒株S03109。该重组病毒在转染了pOG231(表达Cre重组酶)的293T细胞上连续传代,筛选得到重组病毒株S0419。荧光显微镜观察、Western blot及PCR检测结果表明,S03109感染细胞后持续表达GFP,而S0419不表达GFP。PCR证实S0419为含单个LoxP位点的TK基因缺失病毒,并且在细胞培养上遗传稳定,测序结果(GenBank登录号AY822465)表明,在Cre重组酶的作用下,两个同向LoxP序列之间的GFP表达盒被正确除去。对BALB/c小鼠的半数致死量(LD50)及免疫保护实验结果表明,S03109和S0419对BALB/c小鼠的LD50值均大于3×105PFU,免疫BALB/c小鼠,攻毒后平均存活率分别为67.5%与70%。以上结果表明,利用Cre/LoxP位点特异性重组系统,成功去除了插入重组伪狂犬病病毒基因组中的GFP报告基因。     

Cloning and identification of saprolmycin biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces sp. TK08046

Saprolmycins A–E are anti-Saprolegnia parasitica antibiotics. To identify the gene cluster for saprolmycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces sp. TK08046, polymerase chain reaction using aromatase and cyclase gene-specific primers was performed; the spr gene cluster, which codes for angucycline biosynthesis, was obtained from the strain. The cluster consists of 36 open reading frames, including minimal polyketide synthase, ketoreductase, aromatase, cyclase, oxygenase, and deoxy sugar biosynthetic genes, as defined by homology to the corresponding genes of the urdamycin, Sch-47554, and grincamycin biosynthetic gene clusters in Streptomyces fradiae, Streptomyces sp. SCC-2136, and Streptomyces lusitanus, respectively. To establish the function of the gene cluster, an expression cosmid vector containing all 36 open reading frames was introduced into Streptomyces lividans TK23. The transformant was confirmed to express the biosynthetic genes and produce saprolmycins by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of the extract.     

5-氟尿嘧啶敏感与非敏感的人胃癌BGC-823细胞基因表达谱差异分析

利用化疗药物5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)对胃癌细胞株进行筛选和诱导,建立具有耐药性的胃癌细胞株.与亲代细胞株对比生长特性及基因表达谱,初步探讨胃癌细胞的耐药机制.采用四唑盐比色法(MTT)测定5-Fu对胃癌细胞株BGC-823的半数抑制浓度(IC50);根据IC50设计5-Fu剂量,用大剂量的5-Fu逐渐递增间歇给药的方法,反复筛选,获得5株胃癌耐药细胞株.比较耐药细胞株和亲本细胞株的形态和生长特性,继而再用人类肿瘤基因芯片(human cancer arrays)比较测试亲本与耐药细胞株的基因表达谱差异;对其中189个上调基因和133个下调基因采用Gene Ontology中的BP(Biological Process)分析这些基因相关的功能,并用MAS2.0分析这些基因可能涉及的信号通路.结果提示,胃癌细胞株耐药(5-Fu)相关基因可能与转录因子信号转导、TNF受体介导的细胞凋亡和抗凋亡、细胞周期调节、细胞粘附及MAP激酶类的功能相关.对细胞周期、信号转导相关的6个基因采用定量PCR验证,结果与基因表达芯片结果一致.上述结果有利于进一步发现胃癌细胞的耐药基因和相关信号通路,探索抗胃癌治疗的耐药机制.     

羊痘病毒P32基因真核表达载体的构建、表达及其免疫原性

通过PCR方法扩增全长P32基因和截去跨膜区的P32基因(MP32),将其分别克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1( )和已插入CpG序列的pcDNA3.1-CpG中,构建pcDNA3.1-P32、pcDNA3.1-CpG-P32和pcDNA3.1-CpG-MP32质粒;用脂质体法转染BHK-21细胞,通过间接免疫荧光(IFA)试验验证其表达效果;经肌肉免疫注射健康BALB/c小鼠,用间接ELISA法检测抗体;在免疫后的第3、5周取免疫小鼠的脾细胞,用流式细胞仪检测CD4 和CD8 T细胞亚群.结果所构建的真核表达载体在BHK-21细胞中都能表达P32蛋白;免疫小鼠血清在免疫第2周后均能检测到羊痘特异性IgG抗体;免疫组小鼠脾脏CD4 T细胞数目和CD4 /CD8 T细胞比值明显高于对照组.结果提示,所构建的真核载体可诱导小鼠产生特异性体液免疫应答,并能刺激小鼠产生较强的细胞免疫应答.     

硫霉素环化酶基因在变铅青链霉菌TK24中的表达及基因定位

将含有硫霉素环化酶基因的重组质粒p6BCl2转化变铅青链霉菌(Streptomyceslividans)TK24,含有p6BCl2的转化子细胞抽提液分别与琉霉素生物合成阻断变株Y,发酵液以及纯化的Y。中间产物经过体外共培养可产生活性物质．化学分析表明与Y,发酵液混合后产生的是硫霉素,与纯化的Y。中间产物混合产生的是一种不稳定的活性物质。说明硫霉素环化酶基因在S.lividans TK24中得到了表达,其产物以Y。中间产物为底物并弥补了Y,中的缺陷。对p6Bcl2中4．5kb外源片段进行了限制酶酶切分析,建立了酶切图谱．利用含硫霉素环化酶基因的S．Lividans TK24转化子体外转化Y,的应用体系,将硫霉素环化酶基因定位在0．9kb Hinc I—Pst I片段上,并证明了硫霉紊环化酶的活性与IPNS同源片段无关。以上实验为进一步研究琉霉素环化酶基因的结构打下了基础。     

Substrate Specificity of Three Viral Thymidine Kinases (TK): Vaccinia Virus TK,Feline Herpesvirus TK,and Canine Herpesvirus TK

In search of novel suicide gene candidates we have cloned and characterized thymidine kinases from three viruses; vaccinia virus TK (VVTK), feline herpesvirus TK (FHV-TK), and canine herpesvirus TK (CHV-TK). Our studies showed that VVTK primarily is a thymidine kinase, with a substrate specificity mainly restricted to dThd and only minor affinity for dCyd. VVTK also is related closely to mammalian thymidine kinase 1 (TK1), with 66% identity and 75% general homology. Although CHV-TK and FHV-TK are sequence related to herpes simplex virus types 1 thymidine kinase (HSV1-TK), with 31% and 35% identity and a general similarity of 54%, the substrate specificity of these enzymes was restricted to dThd and thymidine analogs.     

rab5a基因在肿瘤转移中的作用研究

为研究rab5a基因在肿瘤转移机制中的作用,将该基因稳定转染至低转移肺腺癌细胞系AGZY83-a中,采用Superarray肿瘤转移相关基因微芯片分析rab5a对肿瘤转移相关基因的表达影响,共获得了5个差异表达基因,rab5a基因促进s100a4的表达,同时抑制了nm23a、rac1、cst3、col4a2等基因的表达,并分别在RNA及蛋白水平进行验证,确认rab5a基因影响了肿瘤转移的多个途径,促进了肿瘤细胞转移能力增强。     

Cloning of M and NP Gene of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus and Immune Efficacy of their DNA Vaccines

The M and NP genes of H5N1 avian influenza virus (A/chicken/Hubei/489/2004) were amplified by RT-PCR from viral RNA, and cloned into pMD18-T vector respectively. The expression plasmid containing the M gene (pHM6-m) or the NP gene (pHM6-np) was then constructed by inserting the M or NP gene into the pHM6 eukaryote expression vector; the constructed plasmid was then sequenced. 32 BALB/c mice (6-week-old) were divided into four groups at random. Three groups of BALB/c mice were inoculated one time the intramuscular route with either 30 ug of plasmid pHM6-m, 30μg of plasmid p HM6-np or the mixture of plasmid pHM6-m (15μg) and pHM6-np( 15μg) respectively. A additional group of mice were injected with 100μl PBS as controls. Two weeks later, all mice were challenged with homologous H5N1 avian influenza virus, and observed in the following 12 days. The survival rates of mice in the pHM6-m group, the pHM6-np group and mixed plasmids group were 62.5%, 25.0% and 50.0%, respectively. Results showed that effective protection could be provided by either pHM6-m or pHM6-np, but pHM6-m provided a better protective effect than pHM6-np.     

猪2型圆环病毒ORF1与ORF2基因和伪狂犬病毒基因的重组与表达的研究

根据GenBank发布的猪2型圆环病毒(PCV2 )序列(AY0 35 82 0 ) ,设计两对特异性引物,采用PCR方法,分别扩增了猪2型圆环病毒ORF1和ORF2基因。将ORF1和ORF2基因的PCR产物回收并酶切后,依次插入到伪狂犬病毒gE gI双缺失通用转移载体pIECMV中,构建了猪2型圆环病毒_伪狂犬病毒重组中间转移质粒pIEORF1-ORF2。采用脂质体介导法,将重组中间转移质粒pIEORF1_ORF2与伪狂犬病毒TK^- gE^- LacZ⁺ 基因组共转染IBRS_2细胞,待发生细胞病变后收集病毒液进行空斑纯化,利用检测PCV2ORF1基因和ORF2基因的PCR方法筛选重组病毒TK^- gE^- gI^- ORF1-ORF2⁺ ,用Southernblotting鉴定重组病毒,并用Westernblotting检测ORF1_ORF2融合蛋白的表达情况,在此基础上也测定了重组病毒在不同细胞上的增殖滴度。结果表明,外源基因ORF1和ORF2已成功插入到TK^- gE^- LacZ⁺ 亲本株的基因组中,并获得了表达,表达的蛋白可与PCV2阳性血清发生反应。同时发现ORF1和ORF2基因的插入不影响重组病毒的增殖特性,其毒力与亲本株相当。