共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
甲壳动物的雄性性别分化主要由其促雄腺(AG)分泌的胰岛素样促雄腺激素(IAG)负责调控。在罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)中,通过单个IAG的操作可以成功性反转,进而实现全雄养殖。因此,基于IAG的性别调控技术具有良好的应用潜力。目前,IAG在许多经济甲壳动物中得到研究报道,发现其表达不仅局限于促雄腺,功能也更加广泛。此外,随着RNA干扰技术在水产动物中的广泛运用,基因功能的研究更易实现,IAG如何执行其生理作用的信号机制及上游的调控网络逐渐成为学者们探究的热点。本文综述了近年来有关IAG研究的进展,从IAG的分子特征、生理功能、作用机制及上游调控机理等方面展开探讨,为深入阐明IAG的生理功能及作用机制提供基础。 相似文献
5.
咽侧体抑制激素(Allatostatin, AST)是一类由几至几十个氨基酸构成的神经肽类激素, 在甲壳动物中刺激下颌器官合成甲基法尼酯, 影响甲壳动物的蜕皮和生殖。然而AST基因在甲壳动物中的克隆和表达却罕见报道。研究克隆了青虾的AST基因全长cDNA序列, 在甲壳动物中使用荧光定量PCR技术检测了AST基因在不同组织中的表达。青虾AST基因cDNA全长2995 bp, 包括242 bp的5′非编码区(UTR), 647 bp的3′UTR, 2106 bp的开放阅读框(ORF)。开放阅读框编码701个氨基酸, 可转录翻译出35个AST多肽, 在C末端都具有相同的Y/FXFGL-amide结构, 属于A型-AST。氨基酸序列比对显示保守氨基酸为Tyr、Ala、Phe、Gly、Leu。蛋白相似度比对显示, AST多肽在无脊椎动物的进化中是相对保守的。系统进化树分析表明, 青虾AST多肽与罗氏沼虾聚在一起, 具有最近的亲缘关系。荧光定量PCR检测显示, AST基因在所有被检测组织中均有表达, 由高到低依次为: 肝胰脏>肠道>精巢>脑>心脏>卵巢。对青虾AST基因全长cDNA序列克隆和表达的研究为更进一步的了解AST多肽在青虾中的重要功能奠定了基础。 相似文献
6.
7.
甲壳动物精氨酸激酶的结构与功能 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
精氨酸激酶(Arginine kinase)是调节无脊椎动物能量代谢的重要酶,在调节无脊椎动物体内磷酸精氨酸与ATP之间的能量平衡过程中具有重要作用。甲壳动物是节肢动物门内最重要的类群之一,并具有重要的经济价值。本文综述了甲壳动物体内精氨酸激酶的分子构象、表达变化及生理功能等方面的研究进展,为深入研究甲壳动物的能量代谢调控机制提供必要的参考。另外,文中对甲壳动物精氨酸激酶的重要性和研究中存在的问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
8.
9.
RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)是指由双链RNA(double-stranded RNA,ds RNA)诱发的一种使特定基因沉默的现象。作为一种研究基因功能、发现新基因和抗病毒的新型手段,近年来RNAi技术在昆虫、真菌、植物和哺乳动物等的研究中已被广泛应用,但是在甲壳动物研究中尚处于起步阶段。对甲壳动物RNAi技术实施方法做了简要介绍;着重综述了RNAi技术在甲壳动物CHH家族神经肽类基因功能、蜕皮和生长调控机制、配子及性腺发育调控和甲壳动物抗病毒机制研究上的应用进展。 相似文献
10.
三疣梭子蟹蜕皮抑制激素cDNA的克隆与序列分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
甲壳动物的蜕皮是由位于头胸部前鳃腔的一对Y-器通过分泌蜕皮激素(Molting hormone)来控制的(Lachaise et al.,1993),而蜕皮激素的分泌又受到蜕皮抑制激素(Molt-inhibiting hormone,MIH)的调控(Watson et al.,2001)。MIH和性腺抑制激素(Gonad-inhibiting hormone,GIH)、甲壳动物高血糖激素(Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone,CHH)、 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980. 相似文献
16.
N. P. Vesselkin Yu. V. Natochin 《Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology》2010,46(6):592-603
Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms.
The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal
mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization
followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The
mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction
of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms
are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning
of physiological systems and organs of the living organism 相似文献
17.
18.
19.