糖原磷酸化酶BB在心脏直视手术后心肌损伤中的判定价值

目的:探讨糖原磷酸化酶BB对心脏直视手术后心肌损伤的判定价值.方法:108例行心脏瓣膜置换手术患者,分别于围术期多个时点取桡动脉血,测定血清糖原磷酸化酶BB、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌酸磷酸激酶同工酶(CKMB)的水平,并检测心肌细胞凋亡程度.结果:血清糖原磷酸化酶BB于体外循环主动脉开放后最早达峰值,其峰值与cT...     

甲胎蛋白和癌胚抗原的胶体金免疫层析同步检测

目的:探讨建立一种同时快速检测甲胎蛋白(AFP)和癌胚抗原(CEA)两种肿瘤标志物的方法.方法:用胶体金分别标记鼠抗AFP单克隆抗体和鼠抗CEA单克隆抗体,喷于胶金垫上.与之配对的抗体喷在硝酸纤维素膜(NC膜)上分别做检测线T2和T1,兔抗鼠二抗喷在NC膜上做质控线,利用免疫层析技术进行检测.结果:采用Frens方法制备的胶体金粒径在20nm,紫外可见吸收峰在521 nm处,金标抗体的最适pH在9.0,最适抗体量为200μl,胶体金标记2.4μg抗体.测试结果表明同时检测AFP和CEA的试纸条灵敏度分别为20 ng.mL-1和5 ng.mL-1,检测时间仅需10min,与PSA、CA125、CA15-3、Ferritin、Human Albumin等没有交叉反应,稳定性好.结论:应用胶体金免疫层析技术,实现了AFP和CEA的同步检测.     

神经元特异性烯醇酶和癌胚抗原胶体金免疫层析联合检测

目的：应用双抗夹心胶体金免疫层析方法,实现对神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）和癌胚抗原（CEA）两种肺癌肿瘤标志物的快速联合检测。方法：采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备20nm胶体金颗粒,并分别对鼠抗NSE、CEA单克隆抗体进行标记,分别与之相配对的另一种单克隆抗体被喷在硝酸纤维素膜（NC膜）上,制成免疫层析检测试条。溶液中的抗原NSE、CEA与金标记抗体结合后沿着硝酸纤维素膜移动,与膜上固定的抗体结合形成肉眼可见的红色线条。结果：该试纸条只与NSE、CEA有特异性反应,与CA125、CYFRA21-1、TPA等肺癌标志物无交叉反应。标准样品中两种抗原的检测灵敏度分别可达到5ng/mL和3ng/mL。结论：胶体金免疫层析技术检测NSE、CEA特异性强、灵敏度高、简便快速,不需特殊仪器设备,有广泛应用价值。     

神经元特异性烯醇酶和癌胚抗原胶体金免疫层析联合检测

目的:应用双抗夹心胶体金免疫层析方法,实现对神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和癌胚抗原(CEA)两种肺癌肿瘤标志物的快速联合检测。方法:采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备20nm胶体金颗粒,并分别对鼠抗NSE、CEA单克隆抗体进行标记,分别与之相配对的另一种单克隆抗体被喷在硝酸纤维素膜(NC膜)上,制成免疫层析检测试条。溶液中的抗原NSE、CEA与金标记抗体结合后沿着硝酸纤维素膜移动,与膜上固定的抗体结合形成肉眼可见的红色线条。结果:该试纸条只与NSE、CEA有特异性反应,与CA125、CYFRA21-1、TPA等肺癌标志物无交叉反应。标准样品中两种抗原的检测灵敏度分别可达到5ng/mL和3ng/mL。结论:胶体金免疫层析技术检测NSE、CEA特异性强、灵敏度高、简便快速,不需特殊仪器设备,有广泛应用价值。     

非洲猪瘟抗体胶体金免疫层析检测方法的建立及评价

为建立一种快速、高效、便捷的非洲猪瘟病毒抗体检测方法,本试验采用生物信息学方法筛选得到了性能优异的非洲猪瘟病毒抗原表位多肽P54t,利用P54t多肽作为检测抗体的特异性抗原,建立了一种特异性、敏感性好的胶体金免疫层析抗体检测方法,用于检测待测样品中是否含有非洲猪瘟病毒抗体。结果显示,该方法的敏感性为100%,特异性为100%,最低检测限度可达1:12800,与商品化试剂盒比较,符合率为94.3%。结果表明,该方法敏感性好、特异性强,检测结果准确,可用于非洲猪瘟病毒特异性抗体检测。     

土拉弗朗西斯菌胶体金免疫层析快速检测方法的建立

目的建立胶体金免疫层析技术快速定量检测土拉弗朗西斯菌。方法利用胶体金标记和双抗体夹心免疫层析技术,建立土拉弗朗西斯菌的快速检测方法,评价其特异性和敏感性,并拟合检测曲线进行定量检测。在面粉、饼干、果冻、梨汁等食品样品中添加土拉弗朗西斯菌的FopA蛋白模拟污染样品,评价该方法对固体、半固体、液体等食品样品的检测能力。结果该法可在10min内完成定性和定量检测,灵敏度为750ng／ml,线性范围750～24000ng/ml、回收率为56．7％-89．2％。结论所建立的检测土拉弗朗西斯菌的胶体金免疫层析方法,能快速、灵敏、特异、准确地检测样品中的土拉弗朗西斯菌,适用于现场快速检测。     

蝮蛇咬伤患者肌酸激酶和肌钙蛋白I的变化与心功能相关性研究

目的 探讨蝮蛇咬伤患者心肌酶学(CK-MB、CK)和肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)变化与心功能的相关性.方法 将106例蝮蛇咬伤患者按病情程度分为轻、重、危重型3组,对3组患者的心肌肌钙蛋白I及心肌酶学、左室Tei指数进行测定并进行比较分析.结果 危重型组患者的CK、CK-MB、Tei指数、cTnI阳性率均高于轻、重型组,差异有显著性(P<0.05).cTnI呈阳性患者的左室Tei指数与CK、CK-MB相关系数为0.311、0.266.结论 cTnI对蝮蛇咬伤患者心肌损伤的敏感性及特异性均高于CK和CK-MB.蝮蛇咬伤中毒患者心肌酶学升高可以判断骨髂肌损伤程度,只有极少数危型蝮蛇咬伤患者合并有心肌损伤,左室Tei指数测定也证实蝮蛇咬伤cTnI呈阳性者均有心功能受损.     

心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白胶体金检测试纸条的制备和初步应用

目的应用胶体金免疫层析法制备检测全血或血清样本中心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白（H-FABP）的检测试纸条,用于急性心肌梗塞（AMI）的早期辅助诊断。方法采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金,标记鼠抗心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白单克隆抗体,喷于玻璃纤维膜上制成胶体金结合物垫,将另一株鼠抗心肌型脂肪酸结合蛋白单克隆抗体和抗鼠二抗分别包被检测线和质控线,组装成试纸条进行灵敏性、特异性、精密性、稳定性及临床样品检测。结果该试纸条的检测灵敏度为10ng／mL,15min内可判定结果;与肌钙蛋白I、C反应蛋白、肌酸激酶、人心肌肌红蛋白无交叉反应。检测240份临床标本,与临床诊断结果进行配对分析,阳性符合率95．83％、阴性符合率100％、总符合率97．92％。结论制备的H-FABP检测试纸条有良好的灵敏性、特异性,可用于早期AMI的辅助诊断。     

基于量子点标记的赭曲霉毒素A快速、高灵敏荧光免疫层析检测方法的建立及应用

赭曲霉毒素A（ochratoxin A,OTA）具有肾毒性、致畸性、致癌性和免疫毒性,广泛存在于各种粮食作物及其副产品中,是食品和饲料原料的重要污染物,可在人类及动物体内蓄积,在已知发现的真菌毒素中,重要性和危害性仅次于黄曲霉毒素。本研究通过采用量子点荧光微球（quantum dots,QDs）标记OTA单克隆抗体,并基于免疫层析原理,优化、建立了OTA高灵敏荧光免疫层析检测方法（FICGA）,15min即可实现对农产品中OTA污染的快速定量检测。该方法检测下限（IC₁₀）达到0.04ng/mL,检测区间（IC₂₀-IC₈₀）为0.05-0.59ng/mL,半数抑制率（IC₅₀）为0.18ng/mL。与OTA类似物OTB、OTC交叉反应性为7.3%和11.9%,对其他常见真菌毒素AFB₁、ZEN、FB₁和DON均无交叉反应。在玉米、面粉和大豆样本中的加标回收率可达83.2%-117.8%,与LC-MS/MS同时对天然样本中OTA含量的检测结果表明,两种方法相关性良好。本研究建立的FICGA快速、灵敏,可满足基层单位和现场的快速检测需求,具有很好的应用前景。     

Glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB in diagnosis of myocardial ischaemic injury and infarction

This review deals with glycogen phosphorylase (GP) and its isoenzyme BB in the diagnosis of ischaemic myocardial injury. Early identification and confirmation of acute myocardial infarction is essential for correct patient care and disposition decision in the emergency department. In this respect, glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB (GPBB) based on its metabolic function is an enzyme for early laboratory detection of ischaemia. In the aerobic heart muscle GPBB together with glycogen is tightly associated with the vesicles of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Release of GPBB, the main isoform in the human myocardium, essentially depends on the degradation of glycogen, which is catalyzed by GP. Ischaemia is known to favour the conversion of bound GP in the b form into GP a, thereby accelerating glycogen breakdown, which is the ultimate prerequisite for getting GP into a soluble form being able to move freely in the cytosol. The efflux of GPBB into the extracellular fluid follows if ischaemia-induced structural alterations in the cell membrane become manifest. The clinical application of GPBB as a marker of ischaemic myocardial injury is a very promising tool for extending our knowledge of the severity of myocardial ischaemic events in the various coronary syndromes. The rational roots of this development were originated from Albert Wollenberger's research work on the biochemistry of cardiac ischaemia and the transient acceleration of glycogenolysis mainly brought about by GP activation.     

Gold Immunochromatographic Assay for Rapid On‐Site Detection of Lincosamide Residues in Milk,Egg, Beef,and Honey Samples

Lincosamides (LMs), include clindamycin (CLIN), lincomycin (LIN), and pirlimycin (PIR), that are widely used as veterinary drugs. LM residues in edible animal origin foods endanger human health and are in urgent need of establishing fast, simple, and highly sensitive detection methods. A gold immunochromatographic strip is prepared to detect CLIN, LIN, and PIR residues simultaneously with a single monoclonal antibody. This antibody is obtained with the design of a novel Hapten and can simultaneously recognize CLIN, LIN, and PIR. Under optimized conditions, the strip results can be semi‐quantitatively evaluated with the naked eye within 15 min, with cut‐off values in phosphate‐buffered saline of 1 ng mL^?1 for CLIN, 10 ng mL^?1 for LIN, and 25 ng mL^?1 for PIR, respectively. Besides, the strip can also be quantified using a hand‐held strip scanner, and the spiked samples are used for establishing matrix curves. The limits of detection for CLIN, LIN, and PIR in spiked milk, egg, beef, and honey samples can satisfy the detection requirement. The utility of this strip is also confirmed by positive honey sample. In short, this strip should be expected to be a useful tool for the rapid on‐site screening of lincosamide residues in milk, egg, beef, and honey samples.     

Gold Immunochromatography Assay for the Rapid Detection of Spiramycin in Milk and Beef Samples Based on a Monoclonal Antibody

Spiramycin (SP) residues in food do harm to human health. It is necessary to establish rapid detection method for SP. In this work, a monoclonal antibody (mAb)‐based gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) is developed for the rapid detection of SP. Under optimum conditions, the half‐maximal inhibitory concentration of SP‐mAb is 0.43 ng mL^–1. The subtype of SP‐mAb is IgG2b. This antibody has no cross‐reactivity with other analogues and has high affinity (4.52 × 10¹⁰ L mol^–1). Qualitative results can be visualized with the naked eye, with a visual detection limit of 1.0 ng mL^–1 and cut‐off value of 10 ng mL^–1. A hand‐held strip scanner is used for the quantitative analysis, with LOD 0.43 ng mL^–1 in assay buffer. The recoveries of SP ranged from 72.3% to 112% in milk and 98.5% to 115% in beef, with variable coefficient ranging from 9.4% to 11.7% in milk and 8.14% to 15.4% in beef. Besides, the proposed GICA method for SP is confirmed by LC–MS/MS in SP‐spiked milk and beef samples. Overall, the developed GICA can be a useful tool for SP residues on‐site screening in milk and beef samples.     

A Sensitive and Specific Quantitation Method for Determination of Serum Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein-C by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay

Biomarkers are becoming increasingly more important in clinical decision-making, as well as basic science. Diagnosing myocardial infarction (MI) is largely driven by detecting cardiac-specific proteins in patients'' serum or plasma as an indicator of myocardial injury. Having recently shown that cardiac myosin binding protein-C (cMyBP-C) is detectable in the serum after MI, we have proposed it as a potential biomarker for MI. Biomarkers are typically detected by traditional sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. However, this technique requires a large sample volume, has a small dynamic range, and can measure only one protein at a time.Here we show a multiplex immunoassay in which three cardiac proteins can be measured simultaneously with high sensitivity. Measuring cMyBP-C in uniplex or together with creatine kinase MB and cardiac troponin I showed comparable sensitivity. This technique uses the Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) method of multiplexing in a 96-well plate combined with electrochemiluminescence for detection. While only small sample volumes are required, high sensitivity and a large dynamic range are achieved. Using this technique, we measured cMyBP-C, creatine kinase MB, and cardiac troponin I levels in serum samples from 16 subjects with MI and compared the results with 16 control subjects. We were able to detect all three markers in these samples and found all three biomarkers to be increased after MI. This technique is, therefore, suitable for the sensitive detection of cardiac biomarkers in serum samples.