Über die Rolle des Hämocyanins bei der Atmung

Ohne Zusammenfassung Begemann, Herman: Over de ademhalingsfunctie van haemocyanine. Proefschrift ter verkryging van den graad van doctor in de wis- en natuurkunde aan de ryks-universiteit te Utrecht. XI, 94, S. 12 Abb. 1924. Die Methodik der Kupferbestimmung wurde im hiesigen Pharmazeutischen Institut (Direktor Professor Dr. N. Schoorl), und die spektroskopischen Bestimmungen und Aufnahmen im Physikalischen Institut (Direktor Professor Dr. L. S. Ornstein) ausgeführt. — Bezüglich der meisten Literaturangaben muß auf Begemanns-Original verwiesen werden.     

BUCHBESPRECHUNGEN

L epiksaar , J.; H einrich , D.: Untersuchungen an Fischresten aus der frühmittelalterlichen Siedlung Haithabu. Berichte über die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu.
C lutton -B rock , T. H. (Ed.): Primate Ecology. Studies of feeding and ranging behaviour in lemurs, monkeys and apes.
Unsere schöne Vogelwelt in Garten, Feld und Wald. Zeichn. v. L ambert , T erence . Texte v. M itchell , A lan ; E lzen , R enate van den .
T henius , E.: Meere und Länder im Wechsel der Zeiten. Die Palaeogeographie als Grundlage der Biogeographie. Verstandliche Wissenschaft.     

Van der Waals locks: loop-n-lock structure of globular proteins

In a globular protein the polypeptide chain returns to itself many times, making numerous chain-to-chain contacts. The stability of these contacts is maintained primarily by van der Waals interactions. In this work we isolated and analysed van der Waals contacts that stabilise spatial structures of nine major folds. We suggest a specific way to identify the tightest contacts of prime importance for the stability of a given crystallized protein and introduce the notion of the van der Waals lock. The loops closed by the van der Waals interactions provide a basically novel view of protein globule organization: the loop-n-lock structure. This opens a new perspective in understanding protein folding as well: the consecutive looping of the polypeptide chain and the locking of the loop ends by tight van der Waals interactions.     

A simpler model of the human circadian pacemaker

Numerous studies have used the classic van der Pol oscillator, which contains a cubic nonlinearity, to model the effect of light on the human circadian pacemaker. Jewett and Kronauer demonstrated that Aschoff's rule could be incorporated into van der Pol type models and used a van der Pol type oscillator with higher order nonlinearities. Kronauer, Forger, and Jewett have proposed a model for light preprocessing, Process L, representing a biochemical process that converts a light signal into an effective drive on the circadian pacemaker. In the paper presented here, the authors use the classic van der Pol oscillator with Process L and Jewett and Kronauer's model of Aschoff's rule to model the human circadian pacemaker. This simpler cubic model predicts the results of a three-pulse human phase response curve experiment and a two-pulse amplitude reduction study with as much, or more, accuracy as the models of Jewett and Kronauer and Kronauer, Forger, and Jewett, which both employ a nonlinearity of degree 7. This suggests that this simpler cubic model should be considered as a potential alternative to other models of the human circadian system currently available.     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Tortricid pests: Their biology, natural enemies and control . Edited by L. P. S. van der Geest & H. H. Evenhuis. Viruses of invertebrates . Edited by E. Kurstak The making of a fly: the genetics of animal design . By Peter A. Lawrence     

Politically Compromised Scholars, or What German Scholars Working under Missions, National Socialism, and the Marxist-Leninist German Democratic Republic Can Teach Us

Mein Freund Maleboch. Christoph Sonntag. Ulrich van der Heyden. ed. Berlin: Edition Ost, 1999. 256 pp.
Von der philologischen zur volkischen Religionswissenschaft. Horst Junginger. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1999. 399 pp.
Die Afrikaw issenschaften in der DDR. Ulrich van der Heyden. Miinster. LIT Verlag, 1999. 640 pp.     

Little Tracker

Little Tracker . Directed by Johan Heynes; camera, Fanie van der Merwe, Jacques Barnard, Thomas van der Merwe; sound, Laura van der Merwe; Fevertree Productions; 2000; 53 mins., color; narration in English, dialogue in Afrikaans. Distributed by ProVision Distribution Network, PO Box 49232, Hercules, 0030, South Africa. Tel: +27-12-3762608; Fax: +27-12-3762119; E-mail: provision@intekom.co.za     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
PLANT-ATMOSPHERE RELATIONSHIPS by J ohn G race
THE CYTOSKELETON IN PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. Edited by C.W. L loyd
PRINCIPLES OF DISPERSAL IN HIGHER PLANTS , 3rd edition. By L. van der P iji
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY VOLUME 14B, NUCLEIC ACIDS AND PROTEINS IN PLANTS II. Edited by D. B oulter & B. P arthier     

Vespidae (Hymenoptera) of Vietnam 3: Synoptic key to Vietnamese species of the polistine genus Ropalidia, with notes on taxonomy and distribution

Nineteen species of the paper wasp genus Ropalidia are recorded from Vietnam, of which three are new records for Vietnam. A key to all of the species, distribution records and taxonomic remarks are given. New synonymies proposed are: Ropalidia bicolorata parvula van der Vecht, 1962, under R. bicolorata van der Vecht, 1962; R. hongkongensis juncta van der Vecht, 1941, under R. hongkongensis (de Saussure, 1854); Icaria jucunda Cameron, 1898, and R. marginata sundaica van der Vecht, 1941, under R. marginata (Lepeletier, 1836); R. rufocollaris atrata van der Vecht, 1941, under R. rufocollaris (Cameron, 1900); and R. stigma rufa van der Vecht, 1941 and R. stigma nigrolineata van der Vecht, 1962, under R. stigma (Smith, 1858).     

Numerical taxonomic study of some tribes of Brassicaceae from Egypt

 A systematic study of 45 taxa belonging to 23 genera of tribes Arabideae, Euclidieae, Hesperideae, Lunarieae, Matthioleae and Sisymbrieae of Brassicaceae from Egypt was conducted by means of numerical analysis based on sixty two morphological characters, including vegetative parts, pollen grains and seeds. On the basis of UPGMA clustering and PCO analysis, four main groups are recognised: Lunarieae, Euclidieae, Matthioleae and a mixed group. Representatives of these groups are clustered together based on characters with high factor loading in the PCO analysis. The tribe Euclidieae is the most homogeneous group, and the tribe Arabideae is the most heterogeneous one. Received November 9, 2001; accepted February 21, 2002 Published online: October 14, 2002 Addresses of the authors: K. Abdel Khalik, (e-mail: kadry.elsayedabdelkhalik@wur.nl), L. J. G. van der Maesen (e-mail: jos.vandermaesen@ wur.nl), W. J. M. Koopman, R. G. van der Berg, Group of Biosystematics, Gen. Foulkesweg 37, NL-6703 BL Wageningen, The Netherlands.     

Plant-herbivore models, where more grass means fewer grazers

Classical theory has led us to believe that where more grazing is available herbivores will inflict heavier pressure on the grass, thus keeping its height low. This approach is hotly debated, although still widely accepted. Based on field data collected, van der Koppel et al. [van der Koppel, J., Huisman, J., van der Wal, R., Olff, H., 1996. Patterns of herbivory along a productivity gradient: an empirical and theoretical investigation. Ecology 77, 736–745] contest the standard plant-herbivore models, arguing that herbivores do not ‘control’ the plant growth entirely, and propose two differential equation models. In this paper we describe briefly how van der Koppel et al. (1996) derive their uncontrolled plant-herbivore interaction models, and then expand on the specific mathematical results cited in their paper to provide a global overview of the dynamics of such systems, for a broad range of parameter values.     

Books

The Weight of Nations: Material Outflows from Industrial Economies, by E. Matthews, C. Amann, S. Bringezu, M. Fischer‐Kowalski, R. Kleijn, C. Ottke, E. Rodenburg, D. Rogich, H.Schütz, H. Schandl, and E. van der Voet Heavy Metals: A Problem Solved?, edited by E.van der Voet, J. B. Guinée, and H. A. Udo de Haes     

Determining aphid taxonomic affinities and life cycles with molecular data: a case study of the tribe Cerataphidini (Hormaphididae:Aphidoidea: Hemiptera)

Aphid taxonomy is often frustrated by the host alternation and extensive polyphenism displayed by many species. Here we examine the utility of using molecular data to assist in life cycle and taxonomic determination. We found that a relatively small amount of DNA sequence data can greatly assist in these tasks. Molecular data have identified the synonymy of five species: Tuberaphis plicator (Noordam) is a junior synonym of T.takenouchii (Takahashi), T.taiwana (Takahashi) is a junior synonym of T.coreana Takahashi, Hamiltonaphis styraci (Matsumura) is transferred to Tuberaphis Takahashi, Astegopteryx roepkei Hille Ris Lambers is transferred to Ceratoglyphina van der Goot, and A.vandermeermohri Hille Ris Lambers is transferred to Cerataphis Lichtenstein. We have elucidated the complete life cycles of five species: A.basalis (van der Goot) alternates between Styrax benzoin and bamboos, Ceratoglyphina bambusae van der Goot alternates between S.benzoin and bamboos, Pseudoregma sundanica (van der Goot) alternates between S.paralleloneura and Zingiberaceae, T.coreana alternates between S.formosana and Loranthaceae, and T.takenouchii alternates between S.japonica and Loranthaceae. In all cases the molecular data agreed with available morphological data. This analysis demonstrates the utility of DNA sequence comparisons for elucidating complex life cycles and the taxonomy of difficult insect groups.     

Het p-aminobenzolsulfamide als resistentiebeïnvloedende „Wirkstoff”

Samenvatting Het p-aminobenzolsulfamide b.v. „Erysipan“ enz., vertegenwoordigt het type van een resistentie-verwekkende of resistentieversterkende stof. Tegen de streptococcen-infectie van de muis is de niet gesubstitueerde verbinding het meest werkzaam. Ten minste het gelukt niet door substitutie versterking der werking te verkrijigen. Naast een uitgesproken werking tegen streptococcen, die intusschen bij een hoogen graad van infectie (streptoc. Aronson: 1000-voudige dosis letalis) uitblijft, blijkt bij een zwakke infectie ook een duidelijke werking tegen pneumococcen te bestaan. Bij de genezing schijnt het tot een virulentieverlies der kiemen te komen.      

中国蚜科一新纪录属四新纪录种(同翅目,蚜总科)

研究了中国蚜科Aphididae 1新纪录属4新纪录种,包括蚜亚科Aphidinae蚜属Aphis 2新纪录种:番樱桃蚜Aphis eugeniae van der Goot,1917和粉蚜居梨亚种Aphis farinosa yanagicola Matsumura,1917;长管蚜亚科Macrosiphinae 1新纪录属:微小瘤蚜属Micromyzella Eastop,1955;2新纪录种:犹太微小瘤蚜Micromyzella judenkoi (Carver,1965)和香蕉交脉蚜卡拉第亚种Pentalonia nigronervosa caladii van der Goot,1917.提供了形态记述、寄主植物、分布及形态特征图.研究标本保存在英国自然历史博物馆.     

Holism and Kantian teleology in C.J. Van De Klaauw's structuralization of oecology

The Dutch biologist C J. van der Klaauw (1893–1972) structuralized the epistemology of oecology using concepts which exceeded the limits of a strictly teleological interpretation of nature. This article relates to his theory of holistic oecology which van der Klaauw formulated departing from a critical confrontation with Kant's teleological view on nature. He substituted this extra-scientifically heuristic maxim by the holistic notion of network-like associations between organisms within a community. The analogous similarities between the organization of individual organisms and communities drawn up by van der Klaauw, merely remained propaedeutics for a genuine holistic oecology, which would only employ epistemological principles specifically referring to the organization of supra-individual communities of organisms. This article discusses the process of structuralizing the theory of holistic oecology by van der Klaauw in his dialogue with Kantian philosophy.     

Targeted minimum loss based estimator that outperforms a given estimator

Targeted minimum loss based estimation (TMLE) provides a template for the construction of semiparametric locally efficient double robust substitution estimators of the target parameter of the data generating distribution in a semiparametric censored data or causal inference model (van der Laan and Rubin (2006), van der Laan (2008), van der Laan and Rose (2011)). In this article we demonstrate how to construct a TMLE that also satisfies the property that it is at least as efficient as a user supplied asymptotically linear estimator. In particular it is shown that this type of TMLE can incorporate empirical efficiency maximization as in Rubin and van der Laan (2008), Tan (2008, 2010), Rotnitzky et al. (2012), and retain double robustness. For the sake of illustration we focus on estimation of the additive average causal effect of a point treatment on an outcome, adjusting for baseline covariates.     

Identity and Development: Tongan Culture, Agriculture, and the Perenniality of the Gift

Identity and Development: Tongan Culture, Agriculture, and the Perenniality of the Gift . Paul van der Grijp. Leiden: KITLV Press, 2004. 227 pp.     

Time, Process and Structured Transformation in Archaeology

Time, Process and Structured Transformation in Archaeology. Sander E. van der Leeuw and James McGlade. eds. New York: Routledge, 1997.484pp.