乙型肝炎病毒核心抗体IgM的蛋白芯片检测法研究

目的:探索蛋白芯片技术检测乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)抗HBc-IgM的可行性。方法:应用Nano-Plotter TM-压电式微量喷墨点阵制备系统自制的核心抗原蛋白芯片在经10%山羊血清封闭后加入待测血清37℃孵育,PBST清洗晾干后后再次加入检测抗体即HRP-抗人Ig M抗体,芯片用伯乐成像仪检测有无信号。结果:24份HBs Ag和抗HBc阳性血清中经蛋白芯片检测抗HBc-IgM阳性率为83.3%(20/24);24份健康志愿者血清中经蛋白芯片检测抗HBc-IgM阳性率为4.1%(1/24)。乙肝血清与健康志愿者血清化学发光信号差异明显。结论:蛋白芯片技术可较好地应用于定性检测HBV抗HBc-IgM,为临床快速判断是否存在HBV感染和监测慢性肝炎HBV活动性提供新的辅助诊断方法。     

金标银染免疫渗滤法检测土拉弗朗西斯菌

目的:建立金标银染免疫渗滤法检测土拉弗朗西斯菌(土拉菌)的方法,评价其灵敏度、特异性、重复性及其应用。方法:以小鼠抗土拉菌脂多糖单克隆抗体作为捕获抗体包被硝酸纤维素膜、兔抗土拉菌多克隆抗体作为检测抗体标记胶体金,通过金标银染技术放大检测信号,建立金标银染免疫渗滤法检测土拉弗朗西斯菌体系;评价该方法的灵敏度、特异性和重复性;以经荧光定量PCR定量的土拉弗朗西斯菌为检测对象,比较金标银染免疫渗滤法和免疫层析法。结果:金标银染免疫渗滤法检测土拉弗朗西斯菌的最小检出量为1.0×103 CFU/mL,灵敏度高于免疫层析法;检测大肠杆菌、炭疽芽孢杆菌、布鲁菌和鼠疫耶尔森菌的结果均为阴性;密封保存的检测卡80 d内重复性良好,100 d后反应强度略有降低。结论:金标银染免疫渗滤法检测土拉弗朗西斯菌敏感性高、特异性强、重复性好,且方便快捷,不需要仪器设备,可作为快速检测土拉弗朗西斯菌的首选方法。     

SARS病毒快速检测膜研制

建立一种快速检测严重急性呼吸综合症冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)的方法。从SARS冠状病毒刺突蛋白基因中扩增出羧基端片段,克隆并表达。用经Ni-NTA树脂纯化的表达蛋白作为抗原包被硝酸纤维素膜,捕获感染SARS病人血清中的抗体。抗原抗体通过渗滤在膜上反应,5min肉眼即可观察到结果。通过比较不同试剂用量条件下的结果确定检测抗原的最佳浓度。通过本产品检测已经过ELISA验证的50份血清样品证明两种检测结果无显著性差异(P>0.05)。与ELISA相比,该检测方法特异性、灵敏性几乎相当,但具有简单、快速、成本低廉等ELISA所无法比拟的优点,适合于初步诊断和流行病学调查。     

甲胎蛋白胶体金检测试剂的的研制

为建立一种快速,简易胶体金免疫层析法（GICA）用于检测血清中的甲胎蛋白（AFP）,将AFP单克隆抗体分别标记胶体金并包被硝酸纤维素膜,制成免疫检测层析试剂,血清中的AFP与金标记抗体结合,沿着硝酸纤维素膜移动,与膜上的固相抗体结合可形成肉眼可见的紫红色线条,此检测试剂对本室自制AFP参比品进行了检测,灵敏度达20ng/ml;对甘肃省肿瘤医院的176份癌症患者血清进行了检测。结果与ELISA法相一致,本法检测AFP快速,简便,结果准确,具有推广价值。     

应用斑点金免疫渗滤试验快速同步检测抗HIV-1，HIV-2 IgG抗体

应用斑点金免疫渗滤试验(dotimmunogoldfiltrationassay,DIGFA)建立了一种同步快速检测四种抗HIV-1/2IgG抗体的HIV诊断试纸。通过基因工程技术在大肠杆菌中表达了5种HIV抗原蛋白片段(P24,GP41,GP36,GP120V3,GP120C)。这5种抗原蛋白首先被固定在硝酸纤维素膜上,然后滴加待测血清,其中的病毒抗体通过免疫反应与抗原结合,再加胶体金标记的葡萄球菌蛋白A(SPA),待其渗过膜片后,洗涤,即可形成肉眼可见的红色斑点。用已确证的21份HIV阳性血清(其中包括1份HIV-1标准阳性血清和1份HIV-2标准阳性血清)和30份阴性血清进行了试验,结果表明该快速检测方法与ELISA方法无显著差异。该检测方法不需任何仪器,仅凭肉眼即可判定结果,整个检测过程不超过5分钟。与传统的的ELISA法相比,具有方便快速,成本低廉,应用范围广等优点。同时,此HIV快速诊断试纸可以同步检测并区分针对HIV-1和HIV-2感染的不同检测标志物(抗P24、GP41、GP120和GP36抗体),这对提高快速检测的灵敏度和准确性,以及对判断HIV感染者是否临近或已进入AIDS期有着较高的应用价值。     

应用斑点金免疫渗滤试验快速同步检测抗HIV-1,HIV-2 IgG抗体

应用斑点金免疫渗滤试验(dotimmunogoldfiltration assay,DIGFA)建立了一种同步快速检测四种抗HIV-1/2IgG抗体的HIV诊断试纸.通过基因工程技术在大肠杆菌中表达了5种HIV抗原蛋白片段(P24,GP41,GP36,GP120V3,GP120C).这5种抗原蛋白首先被固定在硝酸纤维素膜上,然后滴加待测血清,其中的病毒抗体通过免疫反应与抗原结合,再加胶体金标记的葡萄球菌蛋白A(SPA),待其渗过膜片后,洗涤,即可形成肉眼可见的红色斑点.用已确证的21份HIV阳性血清(其中包括1份HIV-1标准阳性血清和1份HIV-2标准阳性血清)和30份阴性血清进行了试验,结果表明该快速检测方法与ELISA方法无显著差异.该检测方法不需任何仪器,仅凭肉眼即可判定结果,整个检测过程不超过5分钟.与传统的的ELISA法相比,具有方便快速,成本低廉,应用范围广等优点.同时,此HIV快速诊断试纸可以同步检测并区分针对HIV-1和HIV-2感染的不同检测标志物(抗P24、GP41、GP120和GP36抗体),这对提高快速检测的灵敏度和准确性,以及对判断HIV感染者是否临近或已进入AIDS期有着较高的应用价值.     

神经元特异性烯醇酶和癌胚抗原胶体金免疫层析联合检测

目的：应用双抗夹心胶体金免疫层析方法,实现对神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）和癌胚抗原（CEA）两种肺癌肿瘤标志物的快速联合检测。方法：采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备20nm胶体金颗粒,并分别对鼠抗NSE、CEA单克隆抗体进行标记,分别与之相配对的另一种单克隆抗体被喷在硝酸纤维素膜（NC膜）上,制成免疫层析检测试条。溶液中的抗原NSE、CEA与金标记抗体结合后沿着硝酸纤维素膜移动,与膜上固定的抗体结合形成肉眼可见的红色线条。结果：该试纸条只与NSE、CEA有特异性反应,与CA125、CYFRA21-1、TPA等肺癌标志物无交叉反应。标准样品中两种抗原的检测灵敏度分别可达到5ng/mL和3ng/mL。结论：胶体金免疫层析技术检测NSE、CEA特异性强、灵敏度高、简便快速,不需特殊仪器设备,有广泛应用价值。     

神经元特异性烯醇酶和癌胚抗原胶体金免疫层析联合检测

目的:应用双抗夹心胶体金免疫层析方法,实现对神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和癌胚抗原(CEA)两种肺癌肿瘤标志物的快速联合检测。方法:采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备20nm胶体金颗粒,并分别对鼠抗NSE、CEA单克隆抗体进行标记,分别与之相配对的另一种单克隆抗体被喷在硝酸纤维素膜(NC膜)上,制成免疫层析检测试条。溶液中的抗原NSE、CEA与金标记抗体结合后沿着硝酸纤维素膜移动,与膜上固定的抗体结合形成肉眼可见的红色线条。结果:该试纸条只与NSE、CEA有特异性反应,与CA125、CYFRA21-1、TPA等肺癌标志物无交叉反应。标准样品中两种抗原的检测灵敏度分别可达到5ng/mL和3ng/mL。结论:胶体金免疫层析技术检测NSE、CEA特异性强、灵敏度高、简便快速,不需特殊仪器设备,有广泛应用价值。     

南通蛇药治疗慢性乙型肝炎的疗效观察

南通蛇药是治疗毒蛇咬伤的良药 ,具有清解蛇毒之功效。我们按其解毒原理 ,用其治疗乙肝病毒感染的慢性乙型肝炎 ,疗效较满意。现报道如下。1　临床资料1 .1　一般资料　治疗组 42例 ,其中男 36例 ,女6例 ,年龄在 2 0～ 62岁之间 ,平均 39岁。对照组42例 ,其中男 34例 ,女 8例 ,年龄在 1 9～ 65岁之间 ,平均 42岁。检测指标 :采用乙型肝炎血清标志物来测定。乙肝表面抗原 ( HBs Ag) ,乙肝 e抗原( HBe Ag) ,乙肝核心抗体 Ig M (抗 Hbs Ig M)测定 ,肝功能丙氨酸氨基转移酶 ( ALT)测定以及临床症状观察。1 .2　治疗方法　治疗组服用南通蛇…     

斑点免疫金渗滤法同时检测猪瘟和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征抗体的研究

在猪瘟、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征单重斑点免疫金渗滤法的基础上,建立能同时检测HC和PRRS的双重斑点免疫金渗滤法。将提纯的HC和PRRS抗原同时包被在硝酸纤维膜上,利用胶体金标记SPA显色,当猪血清中含有HC、PRRS抗体时,则相应的点会显现红色(呈红色斑点),结果易于判断。且操作简单,耗时短,与猪细小病毒、口蹄疫和猪伪狂犬病毒阳性血清不发生交叉反应。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.