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为了系统地研究不同光照强度下温度对金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile)生长的影响,在金钗石斛分蘖期,于80μmol·m-2·s-1、160μmol·m-2·s-1、320μmol·m-2·s-1、640μmol·m-2·s-1的不同光强下,各设置5个温度(15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃)梯度对石斛进行处理。结果表明:石斛的生长与代谢随温度由低到高,表现出弱—强—弱的变化规律;80μmol·m-2·S-1光强下,石斛生长以25~30℃较为适宜;160μmol·m-2·s-1光强下则以20~25℃为适宜温度范围;320μmol·m-2·s-1与640μmol·m-2·s-1的中、强光照下,25℃处理石斛的生长优势尤为明显;不同光强下,石斛鲜重的增长大多以25℃处理更快,繁殖力则以20℃与25℃处理较高,各光强下的MDA含量随温度升高而先降后升,且均以25℃最低;可溶性蛋白质、可溶性总糖及叶绿素含量则表现出随温度由低到高而先增后减的趋势,其含量最高点均出现在25℃左右;净光合速率和叶绿素含量随光强和温度的变化趋势基本一致;各种光强下的暗呼吸速率均随温度升高而增大。因此,在不同的光照条件下,石斛生长的适宜温度均在25℃左右。光温处理引起石斛生理生化过程明显的相应变化表现出:高温和弱光照条件有利于石斛的株高增长,但不利于产量和质量提高;石斛的生长与MDA含量呈显著负相关(r80=-0.9082、r160=-0.9816、r320=-0.8075、r640=-0.8586),与可溶性糖含量呈一定正相关(r80=0.7673、r160=0.8892、r320=0.8179、r640=0.9278),并且石斛的生长与可溶性蛋白质含量、叶绿素含量、光合速率之间的变化趋势基本一致。 相似文献
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珍稀名贵中药-金钗石斛 总被引:25,自引:1,他引:25
金钗石斛是我国珍稀濒危的中药种类之一。本文就其生物学特性,药用价值及栽培技术要点等进行了简要论述,为金钗石斛的资源保护和开发利用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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GA3、6-BA对金钗石斛生长发育及生物碱含量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile Lindl.)高分蘖期前用GA3和6-BA进行浸根处理,分析GA3和6-BA对金钗石斛生长发育及生物碱含量的影响.结果表明:GA3、6-BA处理使金钗石斛SOD、POD活性升高,可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖含量增加; 用0.5~1.0mg·L-1GA3和10 mg·L-16-BA处理可使金钗石斛的总生物碱含量分别增加6.7%~10.1%和3.4%;石斛碱的含量不受GA3和6-BA的影响.0.5~1.0 mg·L-1 GA3和10~50 mg·L-1 6-BA处理可使金钗石斛生物产量分别增加13.3%~30.7%和17.3%~40.0%,有效分蘖率提高63.2%~68.9%和63.1%~82.1%,GA3可显著促进茎的延长生长.内源IAA含量在5-8月份较高,其中以6月份含量最高(4.84 μg·g-1),1月份最低(2.97 μg·g-1);内源ABA含量在1月份达最高(0.61 μg·g-1).用含有1.0 mg·L-1 GA3和50 mg·L-1 6-BA的激素营养液处理可以显著提高金钗石斛生物产量(比CK增产38%),而且总生物碱含量也增加5.6%. 相似文献
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为研究秦巴山区石斛属亲缘关系,利用5条ISSR引物对秦巴地区石斛属植物12个居群的遗传多样性进行了初步探讨。结果表明:(1)UPGMA聚类分析结果显示,金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile Lindl)、曲茎石斛(D.flexicaule Z. H. Tsi)和细叶石斛(D.hancockii Rolfe)分别聚为三支,在分子水平上出现了明显的分化,揭示三者是独立物种。(2)金钗石斛种下6个居群可明显分为2支,LJ、MT、YP和WF遗传一致度较近聚为一支;YJ和PT遗传高度一致,遗传距离最近聚在一起。(3)金钗石斛种下居群间Neis总基因多样性(Ht)为0.388,基因分化系数(Gst)为0.934,显示金钗石斛居群间存在较高的遗传分化。研究结果揭示了秦巴山区石斛属植物的亲缘关系,从分子水平上为其鉴定提供了依据,并为金钗石斛的资源利用和遗传改良奠定理论基础。 相似文献
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为了解太空诱变对金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile)生长发育的影响,对太空诱变和野生金钗石斛的叶片结构、光合特性和生长指标进行了比较研究。结果表明,太空诱变后的金钗石斛叶片较厚,叶气孔密度大、气孔器长轴和短轴长度均变长。两种金钗石斛的光合速率日变化趋势相似,均为双峰型曲线,但太空诱变的净光合速率低于野生的。太空诱变和野生金钗石斛最大净光合速率分别为4.6和6.8μmol m~(–2)s~(–1),光补偿点分别为18.3和12.6μmol m~(–2)s~(–1),光饱和点分别为1180和720μmol m~(–2)s~(–1)。太空诱变和野生金钗石斛的CO_2补偿点分别为100和102μmol mol(–1),CO_2饱和点分别为2215和2090μmol mol(–1)。太空诱变的金钗石斛单茎鲜重和干重均低于野生种,但由于其分蘖数增加,每盆的总生物量反而增加;太空诱变的金钗石斛生物碱和石斛多糖含量显著高于野生种。因此,太空诱变为金钗石斛育种和品质改良提供了新途径。 相似文献
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菌根在兰科的生命周期和进化史上起着关键作用。兰科中大多数是附生兰,但它们的菌根研究相对缺乏。为了探讨菌根对附生兰的影响,本研究用金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile)与通过形态学特征和分子生物学鉴定的分属于瘤菌根菌属(Epulorhiza)的s1和胶膜菌属(Tulasnella)的S3真菌共培养。共培养结果表明,S1和S3与金钗石斛形成了共生关系,且不同程度地促进了其生长。15N稳定同位素标记实验证实,S1菌株显著促进了金钗石斛对有机氮的利用,而S3菌株没有显著的促进作用。同时.S1和S3真菌均能提高金钗石斛中石斛碱的含量。研究结果表明,菌根真菌能促进附生兰幼苗的生长、有机氮的利用和次生代射产物的积累。 相似文献
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Phenanthrenes from Dendrobium plicatile 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
From Dendrobium plicatile stems, three phenanthrenes were isolated. The structures are 2,5-dihydroxy-4,9,10-trimethoxyphenanthrene, 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenanthrene and 2,5,9-trihydroxy-4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene. 相似文献
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Qing Jin Chunyan Jiao Shiwei Sun Cheng Song Yongping Cai Yi Lin Honghong Fan Yanfang Zhu 《PloS one》2016,11(1)
Metabolomics technology has enabled an important method for the identification and quality control of Traditional Chinese Medical materials. In this study, we isolated metabolites from cultivated Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium huoshanense stems of different growth years in the methanol/water phase and identified them using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). First, a metabolomics technology platform for Dendrobium was constructed. The metabolites in the Dendrobium methanol/water phase were mainly sugars and glycosides, amino acids, organic acids, alcohols. D. officinale and D. huoshanense and their growth years were distinguished by cluster analysis in combination with multivariate statistical analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Eleven metabolites that contributed significantly to this differentiation were subjected to t-tests (P<0.05) to identify biomarkers that discriminate between D. officinale and D. huoshanense, including sucrose, glucose, galactose, succinate, fructose, hexadecanoate, oleanitrile, myo-inositol, and glycerol. Metabolic profiling of the chemical compositions of Dendrobium species revealed that the polysaccharide content of D. huoshanense was higher than that of D. officinale, indicating that the D. huoshanense was of higher quality. Based on the accumulation of Dendrobium metabolites, the optimal harvest time for Dendrobium was in the third year. This initial metabolic profiling platform for Dendrobium provides an important foundation for the further study of secondary metabolites (pharmaceutical active ingredients) and metabolic pathways. 相似文献
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Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva Songjun Zeng Jean Carlos Cardoso Judit Dobránszki Gilberto Barbante Kerbauy 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2014,119(3):447-456
Dendrobium plants are the most frequently used orchids to study the process of in vitro flowering. Among the various environmental cues and plant growth regulators employed thus far, cytokinins have shown the most prominent effects on the transition from vegetative to reproductive stage. A clear correlation between flowering establishment and enhancement of endogenous cytokinins has been observed. However, the experimental utilization of a large amount of different Dendrobium species and hybrids, combined with a large diversity of variable media types and media compositions make interpretation of flowering control in the in vitro environment difficult. The combination of a specific model Dendrobium in vitro regeneration system or protocol with a simple, but well defined culture medium, could contributed, to some degree, to reaching a clearer consensus about the physiological and molecular mechanisms controlling the Dendrobium flowering phase change. 相似文献
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细茎石斛的化学成分 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
从兰科植物细茎石斛(Dendrobiummoniliforme(L.)Sw.)中分得一个新的联苄类化合物(moniliformine),以及6个已知化合物(a-dihydropicrotoxinin、对羟基顺式肉桂酸三十烷基酯、反式阿魏酸二十八烷基酯、b-谷甾醇、胡萝卜苷和二十九烷烃),经光谱解析(UV、IR、MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、DEPT、HMQC和COLOC),新化合物的结构被确定为3,4-二羟基-5,4'-二甲氧基联苄(3,4-dihydroxy-5,4'-dimethoxybibenzyl)。a-dihydropicrotoxinin为首次从自然界分离得到。 相似文献
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从兰科植物细茎石斛(Dendrobium moniliforme(L.)Sw.)中分得一个新的联苄类化合物(moniliformine),以及6个已知化合物(α-dihydropicrotoxinin、对羟基顺式肉桂酸三十烷基酯、反式阿魏酸二十八烷基酯、β-谷甾醇、胡萝卜苷和二十九烷烃),经光谱解析(UV、IR、MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、DEPT、HMQC和COLOC),新化合物的结构被确定为3,4-二羟基-5,4'-二甲氧基联苄(3,4-dihydroxy-5,4'-dimemoxy bibenzyl).α-dihydropicrotoxinin为首次从自然界分离得到. 相似文献
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