第三代头孢菌素对4666株医院致病菌的耐药情况分析

分析该院３年来分离的临床细菌４６６６株及其对５种第三代头孢菌素的耐药性情况。发现第三代头孢菌素对医院致病菌的平均耐药率为３４．２９％，其中头孢哌酮＋舒巴坦的耐药率仅为６．８９％，低于平均耐药率（Ｐ＜０．０１）。不动杆菌属、肠杆菌属、枸橼酸杆菌属和假单孢菌属对三代头孢的耐药率分别为５８．８３％、５６．３５％、５２．００％和４９．８４％，均显著高于平均耐药率（Ｐ均＜０．０１）；沙门菌属和变形杆菌属对第     

微生态制剂4联活菌片治疗肠结核引起的腹泻的疗效观察

观察４联活菌片治疗肠结核引起的腹泻效果。结果治疗２周后治疗组有效率为９４．１％,对照组有效率为２９．０％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。治疗前与治疗２周后肠道内菌群变化：治疗前治疗组与对照组比较无差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）,两组与正常比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。治疗组治疗前、后比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。对照组治疗前、后比较无显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。治疗后治疗组与对照组比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。治疗后     

去甲肾上腺素刺激高原鼠兔CRF的分泌

用脑室注射神经递质去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）和ＲＩＡ法测定下丘脑正中隆起处促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（ＣＲＦ）水平,研究ＮＥ对高原鼠兔下丘脑ＣＲＦ分泌的作用。脑室给予不同剂量ＮＥ３．７５,７．５,１５,３０μｇ／１００ｇＢＷ．正中隆起（ＭＥ）处ＣＲＦ含量分别增加到对照组的１０６．０５％,１３５．２８％（Ｐ＜０．０５）,１３８．９４％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,１０３．６５％,同时,血浆皮质酮浓度也分别增加到对照组的３２３．３５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,３２３．３５％（Ｐ＜０．００１）,３４６．７１％,３６６．４７％。肾上腺切除后２天和６天时,下丘脑ＮＥ下降到对照的７６．３２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）,７６．２７％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,血浆皮质酮也下降到１６．５７％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,２．０５％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。上述结果表明,ＮＥ刺激高原鼠兔下丘脑ＣＲＦ的分泌并激活下丘脑垂体肾上腺皮质轴。肾上腺皮质激素对维持下丘脑ＮＥ水平和ＣＲＦ神经元活动有一定的紧张作用     

生态蛇胆霜治疗寻常痤疮及对皮肤菌群变化的研究

本文报告了应用微生态制剂生态蛇胆霜治疗寻常座疮３０例,取得了总有效率９０．０％的较好疗效,且无任何不良反应。并对治疗前后皮肤菌群变化与健康人对比及疗前疗后蠕形螨虫数量变化进行了研究。结果显示痤疮病人面部常住菌及过路菌数量明显高于健康人（Ｐ＜０．０１）疗后寄生菌与疗前比较差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。而与健康人相比无显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）,治疗前后面部蠕形螨检测结果证实本品有抑制蠕形螨虫生长作用。     

脓毒血症大鼠心肌II型磷脂酶A_2活性变化及其调控

观察了脓毒血症大鼠心肌ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ 活性、蛋白质含量及其ｍ ＲＮＡ 的变化。结果发现, 脓毒血症早期与晚期心肌ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ 活性较对照组分别降低２５ ．０ ％ （Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５）及增高４７．６ ％ （Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０１）,ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ 蛋白质含量分别降低２７．０％ 及增高４８ ．０ ％（ 均Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０１）; 心肌ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ ｍ ＲＮＡ合成率与含量呈现类似的双相变化, 在脓毒血症早、晚期ｍＲＮＡ 合成率分别降低４５．０％ 和升高７０．０ ％ （均Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０１）,ｍＲＮＡ含量分别降低３４．１ ％ 和增加１５７ ．０％ （均Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。脓毒血症早、晚期心脏ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ ｍ ＲＮＡ半衰期无显著变化（Ｐ ＞ ０．０５） 。实验结果表明大鼠脓毒血症发生过程中心肌ＩＩ型ＰＬＡ２ 活性呈现出先下降后升高的变化, 这一变化受其ｍＲＮＡ 转录水平的调节。     

丽珠肠乐对老年腹泻者肠道厌氧菌群、T淋巴细胞亚群、血清SOD及LPO的影响

本文应用双歧杆菌活菌制剂──丽珠肠乐治疗３０例老年腹泻患者。腹泻老年组治疗后与治疗前相比,治疗后外周血ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值均回升,ＣＤ４升高显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＣＤ３相对升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值回升到正常水平（Ｐ＜０．０１）;血清ＳＯＤ活性亦升高到正常水平（Ｐ＜０．０１）,血清ＬＰＯ含量明显减低（Ｐ＜０．０５）;粪便中双歧杆菌、拟杆菌、乳杆菌数量显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,Ｂ／Ｅ比值也随之升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,而葡萄球菌和肠球菌数量明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０１和０．０５）．结果提示,丽珠肠乐对老年腹泻患者具有明显调整Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群免疫功能,提高血清ＳＯＤ活性,降低血清ＬＰＯ含量,扶植肠道厌氧菌群生长,改善肠道菌群紊乱的作用。     

幽门螺杆菌对胃粘膜损伤机制的实验研究

实验采用ＨＰ 活菌悬液,制成大鼠ＨＰ 损伤性胃炎模型,以便观察ＨＰ 对胃粘膜的损伤机制。结果表明：实验组与对照组比较,胃粘膜损伤指数增高（Ｐ＜ ０．０５） ,胃壁结合粘液量明显降低（Ｐ＜ ０．０１） ,胃粘膜ＰＧＥ２ 和ＳＳ 的含量降低（Ｐ＜ ０．０１） 。说明幽门螺杆菌对胃粘膜防御系统有明显的损伤作用。     

长期尾部悬吊大鼠冠脉血统量的变化

采用放射性生物微球技术观察了经受４０和１２０ｄ尾部悬吊模拟失重大鼠冠脉血流量及冠脉阻力的变化。４０及１２０ｄ悬吊大鼠冠脉血流量分别较期相应对照组减少２５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和２２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）;而４０ｄ组和１２０ｄ组的冠脉阻力与其相应配对对照组相比分别升高３７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）和３１％（Ｐ＜０．０５）及５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明,长期模拟失重大鼠心脏可能处于低动力状态,从而使心肌的代谢活动减     

长期尾部悬吊大鼠冠脉血流量的变化

采用放射性生物微球技术观察了经受４０和１２０ｄ尾部悬吊模拟失重大鼠冠脉血流量及冠脉阻力的变化。４０及１２０ｄ悬吊大鼠冠脉血流量分别较其相应对照组减少２５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和２２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）;而４０ｄ组和１２０ｄ组的冠脉阻力与其相应配对对照组相比分别升高３７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）和３１％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。此外,悬吊４０ｄ与悬吊１２０ｄ组大鼠左心室重量分别较其配对的对照组大鼠要减轻９％（Ｐ＜０．０５）及５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明,长期模拟失重大鼠心脏可能处于低动力状态,从而使心肌的代谢活动减弱并可能发生萎缩。     

底物膜技术检测精子顶体酶活性的研究

应用底物膜技术检测１３０例正常精液,精子顶体酶活性百分率的正常值下限为５７％。４５９例不孕症病人精液分析,无精症２５例,其余４３４例中７５％精子顶体酶活性正常。实验表明精子密度对数值与顶体酶活性百分率之间有正相关,ｒ＝０．８４（Ｐ＜０．０１）,回归方程为顶体酶活性百分率ｙ＝４８．４３％＋（８．９％）（ｌｏｇ精子计数）。活动精子百分率与顶体酶活性之间有密切正相关,ｒ＝０．９６７,（Ｐ＜０．０１）,顶体酶活性ｙ＝３８．６％＋０、３６ｘ％。前向活跃直线运动精子百分率与顶体酶活性之间也有密切相关．ｒ＝０．９６,（Ｐ＜０．０１）,顶体酶活性ｙ＝３４．２１％＋０．６１ｘ％。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.