介绍一种保存不稳定性抗原的方法

材料和方法：在同一病人新鲜组织中选４枚为０．７×０．６×０．６ｃｍ大小的淋巴结备用,先后作了５例。将１枚淋巴结速冻做冰冻切片４μｍ,另将３枚一分为二,厚度为０．２ｃｍ。把６块标本分别放入以下固定液中：①１０％福尔马林。②９５％酒精。③ＡＦ液（福尔马林...     

蝴蝶兰根段的组织培养

１　植物名称　蝴蝶兰（ＰｈａｌａｅｎｏｐｓｉｓＭｅｌｌｅｒＧｏｌｄ“ＮＦＳ”）。２　材料类别　根段。３　培养条件　（１）愈伤组织的诱导及分化培养基：Ｂ５＋ＮＡＡ１．５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）＋ＫＴ０．２＋ＣＭ１５０ｍｌ·Ｌ－１＋３％蔗糖;（２）原球茎增殖培养基：Ｂ５＋ＧＡ０．０５＋ＣＨ１２０＋３％蔗糖;（３）小苗生长培养基：１／２ＭＳ＋２０％香蕉泥＋２％蔗糖;（４）诱导生根培养基：１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ０．３＋２％蔗糖。上述培养基均加０．２％活性炭,０．５８％琼脂粉,ｐＨ为５．５;培养基在１２１℃高…     

紫菀花序芽培养及植株再生

１植物名称紫菀（Ａｓｔｅｒｔａｔａｒｉｃｕｓ）。２材料类别花序芽。３培养条件愈伤组织、不定芽诱导及增殖培养基：（１）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．５～２．０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）;生根培养基：（２）ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．５～２．０＋６－ＢＡ０．２,（３）１／２ＭＳ（大量元素减半）＋ＮＡＡ０．５～２．０＋６－ＢＡ０．２。上述培养基均加０．８％琼脂和３％蔗糖,高温高压灭菌前ｐＨ值调至５．８。培养温度为（２３１２）℃,每天光照１２ｈ,光照度为１５００～２０００ｌｘ４生长与分化情况４．１愈伤组织及不定芽的诱导剪取长约０…     

三种不同脂肪染色方法的比较

目的探讨碳蜡(聚乙二醇)包埋技术、冰冻切片及饿酸染色在脂肪染色中的应用,综合比较几种方法的优缺点,以便在病理工作及科研工作中能找到更适合的脂肪染色方法。方法取新鲜脂肪组织及肝组织,每份标本各取3块组织,分为A、B、C三组:A组和B组标本分别进行碳蜡包埋切片和常规冰冻切片,油红O法染色;C组以饿酸浸染组织块后进行石蜡包埋切片及眦复染。结果 A组切片脂肪滴呈红色,细胞核呈蓝色;B组切片脂肪滴呈红色,细胞核呈蓝色;C组切片脂肪滴呈黑色。结论饿酸染色和碳蜡包埋技术在脂肪染色中,具有冰冻切片和石蜡切片的优点,弥补了常规冰冻切片脂肪染色的缺点和局限性,在病理检验及科研中具有一定应用价值。     

藏红花愈伤组织诱导及其细胞培养的研究

藏红花幼叶愈伤组织的诱导频率在ＭＳ,Ｂ５和Ｗｈｉｔｅ三种培养基上均高达９８％;幼叶和芽的诱导率差异不大,高达９９％;不同时期的叶片差异较大,以幼叶诱导为佳;球茎诱导率为近８０％;激素配比以２．４－Ｄ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＢＡＰ０．１～０．５ｍｌ／Ｌ为宜。在继代培养阶段,ＭＳ比Ｂ５和Ｗｈｉｔｅ更适合细胞的快速生长繁殖;并且以叶片的愈伤组织生长较快,芽次之,球茎最慢,适合于细胞生长的激素配比为ＮＡＡ２．０～３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＢＡＰ０．５～１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ为宜。     

宫粉郁金的组织培养和快速繁殖

１植物名称宫粉郁金（Ｃｕｒｃｕｍａ　ｋｗａｎｇｓｉｅｎｓｉｓ）。２材料类别　块茎萌动芽。３培养条件　萌动芽生长培养基：（１）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）＋ＮＡＡ０．２。不定芽增殖与愈伤组织诱导培养基：（２）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１０＋ＫＴ５;（３）ＭＳ＋６．ＢＡ１０;（４）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ５＋ＫＴ２．５;（５）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ５;（６）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ２＋ＫＴ１。生根培养基：（７）ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．５;（８）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．５＋ＮＡＡ０．５;（９）ＭＳ。以上培养基均加０．７％琼脂,３％蔗糖,ｐＨ５…     

沙葱的组织培养和植株再生

１植物名称沙葱（Ａｌｌｉｕｍｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃｕｍ），又名蒙古韭。种子来源于中国科学院沙漠研究所宁夏沙坡头沙漠试验站。２材料类别幼苗的叶片。３培养条件（１）愈伤组织诱导培养基：ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ２．０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）＋ＫＴ０．２＋ＣＨ（水解酪蛋白）５００＋蔗糖３％；（２）分化培养基同（１），但２，４－Ｄ为０．５；（３）生根培养基：１／２ＭＳ＋１ＢＡ１．０＋蔗糖３％。上述培养基均加０．７％琼脂粉固化，ｐＨ调至５．８～６．２。培养温度（２５±２）℃。愈伤组织诱导阶段为暗培养，分化阶段每日光照１２…     

菜心下胚轴原生质体培养和植株再生

以萌发３—４ 天（长约４ ｃｍ ）的菜心（Ｂｒａｓｓｉｃａ ｃａｍｐｅｓｔｒｉｓ ｖａｒ．ｐａｒａｃｈｉｎｅｓｉｓ）无菌苗苍白下胚轴为材料,酶解分离原生质体。经纯化的原生质体,在含０．５ ｍ ｇ／ＬＺＴ、０．５ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ、１．０ ｍ ｇ／ＬＮＡＡ 和０．４ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ葡萄糖的Ｋ８ｐ 培养基中,进行微滴培养。在起始培养１４—１８小时,原生质体再生新的细胞壁。３６ 小时再生细胞开始第一次分裂。第三天分裂细胞频率可达３５％ 。培养第８—９ 天,可见含８—１６个细胞的小细胞团,植板率为１５％ —１８％ 。３ 周后将发育成直径为２ ｍ ｍ 的白色小愈伤组织,转到含０．３ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ２,４－Ｄ并用ｇｅｌｒｉｔｅ半固化的培养基上,增殖成４—５ ｍ ｍ 直径的愈伤组织。在ＭＳ＋ ３．２（或１．６） ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ＋ １．６（或０．８） ｍ ｇ／ＬＺＴ＋ ０．０１ ｍ ｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋ ０．１ ｍ ｇ／ＬＧＡ３ 和０．２％ 蔗糖的分化培养基上,获得芽的分化。切下约２ ｃｍ 长的芽苗,转移到含０．２ ｍ ｇ／ＬＩＡＡ 和２％ 蔗糖的培养基上,生根形成完整植株     

厌氧—1号活菌制剂对高脂血症小鼠模型的影响

本实验应用血脂检测及肠道菌群检查法,探讨了对人工高血脂症小鼠模型灌喂厌氧－１号活菌制剂后,小鼠血脂的变化。结果表明：每天给予模型小鼠厌氧－１号菌液（１亿活菌／毫升）０．５毫升,第７天血指即明显下降,与空白对照（自然恢复）组比有显著性差别,血清胆固醇（Ｐ＜０．０１）,降低率为４５．１％;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Ｐ＜０．０５）,降低率为４９．１％;甘清三酯（Ｐ＜０．０５）,降低率为１９．２％。到第１４天时血脂均已恢复至正常水平,而自然恢复组小鼠血清胆固醇水平仍比正常对照组略高。     

香石竹的叶片培养及植株再生

１植物名称香石竹（Ｄｉａｎｔｈｕｓｃａｒｙｏｐｈｙ－ｌｌｕｓ）,别名康乃馨。２材料类别无菌苗叶片。３培养条件以ＭＳ为基本培养基。分化培养基附加：（１）６－ＢＡ１．０ｍｐ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）＋ＮＡＡ０．３;（２）６－ＢＡ１．０＋ＮＡＡ０．１;（３）６－ＢＡ１．０＋ＮＡＡ０．０５。增殖培养基附加６－ＢＡ０．５＋ＮＡＡ０．１。分化和增殖培养基均加蔗糖３％、琼脂０．７％,ｐＨ５．８。生根培养基为１／２ＭＳ附加ＮＡＡ０．１,蔗糖２％,琼脂０．６％,ｐＨ５．８。培养温度为（２５±１）℃,光照１２ｈ·ｄ－１,…     

A homozygous female hemophilia A

BACKGROUND:

Hemophilia A (HA), being an X-linked recessive disorder, females are rarely affected, although they can be carriers.

AIMS:

To study the mutation in F8 gene in an extended family with a homozygous female HA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

All the seven affected members (six males and one female) were initially screened by Conformation Sensitive Gel Electrophoresis (CSGE) and direct DNA sequencing.

RESULTS:

A homozygous missense mutation c.1315G>A (p.Gly420Ser) was identified in exon 9 of F8 gene in homozygous state in the affected female born of 1° consanguinous marriage and in all the affected male members of the family. Her factor VIII levels was found to be 5.5%, vWF:Ag 120%.

CONCLUSION:

In India, as consanguineous marriages are very common in certain communities (up to 30%), the likelihood of encountering female hemophilia is higher, although this is the first case of HA out of 1600 hemophilia families registered in our Comprehensive Haemophilia Care Center. Genetic diagnosis in such cases is not necessary as all the male children will be affected and daughters obligatory carriers.     

A glucoside of urospermal A

The aerial parts of Urospermum picroides afforded, in addition to urospermal A a p-hydroxylphenyl acetate of a glucoside of urospermal A.     

Quadruplexes of human telomere DNA analogs designed to contain G:A:G:A,G:G:A:A,and A:A:A:A tetrads

Replacement of two to four guanines by adenines in the human telomere DNA repeat dG₃(TTAG₃)₃ did not hinder the formation of quadruplexes if the substitutions took place in the terminal tetrad bridged by the diagonal loop of the intramolecular antiparallel three‐tetrad scaffold, as proved by CD and PAGE in both Na⁺ and K⁺ solutions. Thermodynamic data showed that, in Na⁺ solution, the dG₃(TTAG₃)₃ quadruplex was destabilized, the least by the two G:A:G:A tetrads, the most by the G:G:A:A tetrad in which the adenosines replaced syn‐guanosines. In physiological K⁺ solution, the highest destabilization was caused by the 4A tetrad. In K⁺, only the unmodified dG₃(TTAG₃)₃ quadruplex rearranged into a K⁺‐dependent quadruplex form, none of the multiple adenine‐modified structures did so. This may imply biological consequences for nonrepaired A‐for‐G mutations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 93: 880–886, 2010.     

Aminopeptidase A is angiotensinase A

Summary Quantitative histochemical measurements of aminopeptidase A (APA; E.C.3.4.11.7) were done kinetically in the kidney glomeruli of rat and mouse with an instrumental setup consisting of a microdensitometer and a computer-supported morphometric system. The histochemical demonstration of APA was carried out using the simultaneous azo coupling technique (purest-grade Fast Blue B as coupling agent and -l-glutamic acid-4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide as substrate). The methodological studies show that APA activity is calcium-ion-dependent and increases linearly with the thickness of the tissue section (3–12 m) and that the time-course of APA activity as determined by linear regression is linear only for the first 1 to 2 min of the reaction. — Kinetic measurements indicate a 40% decrease in APA activities when -l-glutamic acid-4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide (-l-Glu-MNA) is replaced by -l-aspartic acid-4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide. When -l-Glu-MNA is replaced with l-alanine-4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide, which is a substrate of aminopeptidase M (APM) only very low reaction rates are measurable (about 1.4% of those with -l-Glu-MNA). 100 and 130 mM NaCl in the incubation medium increase APA activities by approximately 16%–17%. — To clarify the functional importance of APA in the kidney, their activities were measured under the influence of angiotensins. The glomerulus was selected as the measuring site, for besides APA it contains no APM or other peptidases that could degrade angiotensins (the glomerular dipeptidyl peptidase IV is not inhibited by angiotensin II). Using the Lineweaver-Burk plot, we determined a K _m of 0.16 mM for the APA in rat glomeruli and 0.14 mM in mouse glomeruli. The V _max in mouse glomeruli is 1.6 times higher than in rat glomeruli. Ang iotensin I, II and III competitively inhibit APA in the rat and mouse glomeruli. — With quantitative histochemical techniques it was possible to show that APA is equivalent to angiotensinase A (splitting off the N-terminal aspartic acid from angiotensin I and II).Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 105)     

关于一个“基细胞”的疑问

有或没有基细胞是毛鞘藻属(Bulbochaets)与枝鞘藻属(Oedocladium)的区别之一。这里叙述了Mrozinska在其专著(1985)中,将Oedocladium indicum Kama附图(即模式图)上的一个基细胞错误地移置到Oe.PrescottiiIslam上去的情况。