胱氨酸和酪氨酸纸层析分离的理想展开剂

通过纸层析分析比较,我们筛选出二种适宜于纸层析分离胱氨酸、酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸的理想展开剂,其溶剂组成分别为正丁醇—乙酸—乙醇—水（８∶２∶２∶５）和正丁醇—甲酸—水（６∶１∶１）。这二种展开剂适宜于胱氨酸和酪氨酸提取过程中样品纯度的纸层析初步鉴定。     

一种简便的叶绿体色素纸层析的点样方法

“叶绿体色素的提取与分离”实验中 ,“点样”是用毛细管在滤纸上划滤液线的方法来完成的。现介绍一种用玻璃片“盖印”的点样法 ,优于毛细管点样方法。1　点样玻璃片制作挑选无缺损的载玻片 (75 mm× 2 5 mm× 1mm) ,用玻璃刀横向裁成 10 mm宽的小玻片 (2 5 mm× 10 mm×1mm ) ,此玻片即可用作点样。制成的点样玻片宽的一侧要保证平直无缺损 ,其宽度要小于滤纸条的宽度。因此 ,玻璃片的宽度为 10 mm,滤纸条的宽度可裁成 15 mm为宜。2　操作　　从小漏斗流出的滤液不要用试管收集 ,可直接滴1～ 2滴在 1块干净的载玻片上 ,用点样玻片宽的一侧…     

L-精氨酸发酵条件的研究

本文报道了产L一精氨酸突变株(Corynebacterium crenatum)971．1(SG,His-)摇瓶发酵条件的研究结果。试验结果表明,培养基中组氨酸与生物素的适宜用量有助于产物的生成,组氨酸或豆饼水解物用量分别为50~g／’ml和o．{％、生物素或玉米浆用量分别为7 5—125 pg／L和2．0％时,可得到较高产酸率。为获得较高的精氨酸积累量,培养基中初糖浓度为12％,硫l酸铵用量应高达6．5％为适宜,如减少摇瓶装液量以改善通风状况可明显提高产酸率。在适宜的发酵条件下,971．1菌株经发酵培养96小时,产酸最高可达到3{mg／mlo发酵液经732型离子交换树脂提取后,获得纯品结晶。该结晶经生物鉴定、比旋度测定以及c、H、N元素含量分析,其结果均与文献值相符;红外光谱分析与标准样品一致;纸层析图谱表明,50pg样品层析显色后为单斑点,其＆值与标准品相同;从而证明所得纯品结晶是L一精氨酸。     

纸层析－分光光度法检测茶氨酸

为了满足普通实验室对茶中茶氨酸测定的需要,研究了茶氨酸的纸层析-分光光度检测方法。结果表明,用茚三酮．乙醇水溶液做展层剂,对茶苗根、芽叶和茶叶的水浸提液进行纸层析,能够有效地将茶氨酸与其它氨基酸分离,紫色色斑清晰而均匀。用乙醇溶液洗脱色斑后用分光光度计在570nm比色,在20～70此茶氨酸溶液点样量范围内其含量与吸光度呈线性关系。本方法检出限为0．0057mg·mL-1,测定下限为0．0191mg·mL-1,平均回收率90．28％～115．38％,平均相对标准差1．51％,具有安全、药品种类少和操作步骤简单等特点。     

L-精氨酸的抗疲劳作用研究

通过负重游泳、检测氧气利用率和血乳酸水平实验,探讨小白鼠补充L-精氨的抗疲劳效应。对比结果显示L-Arg组的氧利用率和负重游泳时间比对照组分别增加10%和28%,而血乳酸含量随L-Arg剂量的增加而逐渐降低。肝组织切片显示L-精氨酸组血管舒张显著。结论是L-Arg抗疲劳效果显著。     

精氨酸脱亚胺酶活性以及瓜氨酸转化研究

目前,L-瓜氨酸的主要生产方法为化学法水解L-精氨酸.利用精氨酸脱亚胺酶可以直接转化L-精氨酸获得L-瓜氨酸,条件温和、效率高、环境友好,因而在工业化生产中具有很好的应用前景.本研究将优化后的单增李斯特菌(Listeriamonocytogenes)精氨酸脱亚胺酶(ADI)基因序列分别克隆到相应的载体pET-21a、pWB980及pAO815中,并分别转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)、枯草芽胞杆菌WB600及毕赤酵母GS115中构建表达菌株.发现大肠杆菌能高效表达ADI.经过5L发酵罐验证,发酵后酶活力单位可达200 000～270 000 U·L-1.经过验证,该酶可以很好地应用于L-瓜氨酸生产.在7 920～17 600 U· L-1的ADI存在条件下,5.5h内,可使95％的浓度为94～258 g·L-1的精氨酸转化为瓜氨酸.该方法具备良好的工业化应用前景.     

HPLC-ELSD法测定发酵液中L-精氨酸含量

建立了一种快速、准确的高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法(HPLC-ELSD)测定发酵液中L-精氨酸含量。采用Prevail C18色谱柱(C18 5μm,250×4.6 mm,Alltech),以5 mmol.L-1七氟丁酸(三氟乙酸调pH至1.0)和乙腈为流动相,采用梯度洗脱,总流速为1.0 mL/min。ELSD参数:漂移管温度为117.0℃,载气流速为3.2 L/min。L-精氨酸等氨基酸的回收率为96%~104%。能够快速、精确测定发酵样品中目的产物L-精氨酸与其它氨基酸含量。     

Arginine vasotocin and aggression in rats

Pinealectomized (PX) and sham animals were administered either AVT (1 ng/kg) or vehicle (1 ml H₂O). Boxing-kicking-biting episodes were significantly reduced by administration of AVT, F(1,21)=8.09,p<0.009. Crawling under behavior was increased in PXH₂O animals (p<0.05). Non-aggressive rearing was decreased by administration of AVT, F(1,21)=4.75, p<0.04. These results are in agreement with previous findings that AVT lowers emotionality-arousal. Results are discussed in terms of vasotonergic effects on central monoamines.     

Solvent selection for solid-to-solid synthesis

Thermolysin catalyzed solid-to-solid synthesis of the model peptide Z-L-Phe-L-Leu-NH(2) is practically feasible in water and a range of organic solvents with different physicochemical properties. Excellent overall conversions were obtained in acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, 2-propanol, tert-amyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, toluene and water, while no product precipitation was observed in dichloromethane resulting in a much lower yield. In precipitation driven synthesis the product accumulates both in solution and in the solid phase. It was shown that the highest overall yields (yield in the liquid plus yield in the solid) can be expected in solvents where the substrate solubilities are minimized. The best yields of solid product can be expected in solvents where both product and substrate solubilities are lowest. This was in agreement with experimental observations and should be generally valid.     

Arginine catabolism in Aphanocapsa 6308

The catabolic products of arginine metabolism were observed in Aphanocapsa 6308, a unicellular cyanobacterium, by thin layer chromatography of growth media, by limiting growth conditions, and by enzymatic analysis. Of the organic, nitrogenous compounds examined, only arginine supported growth in CO₂-free media. The excretion of ornithine at a concentration level greater than citrulline suggested the existence in Aphanocapsa 6308 of the arginine dihydrolase pathway which produced ornithine, CO₂, NH₄, + adenosine 5-triphosphate. Its existence was confirmed by enzymatic analysis. Although cells could not grow on urea as a sole carbon source a very active urease and subsequently an arginase were also demonstrated, indicating that Aphanocapsa can metabolize arginine via the arginase pathway. The level of enzymes for both pathways indicates a lack of genetic control. It is suggested that the arginase pathway provides only nitrogen for the cells whereas the arginine dihydrolase pathway provides not only nitrogen, but also CO₂ and adenosine 5-triphosphate.Nonstandard Abbreviations CCCP carbonylcyanide mchlorophenyl hydrazone - DCMU 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea - CGP cyanophycin granule protein - PS II photosystem II - PSI photosystem I - TLC thin layer chromatography - TCA trichloroacetic acid - DPM disintegrations per min     

Arginine vasotocin delays extinction of a conditioned avoidance behavior in neonatal chicks

One minute after single-trial avoidance conditioning, young cockerels received intracerebroventricular or intraperitoneal injections of saline or arginine vasotocin (dose range: 0.004 to 16 μg/chick). Retroactive enhancement of the learned response was observed 24 hours post-training for some dose levels, but not for others. A 0.4 μg vasotocin dose also delayed extinction when injected 9 minutes after training. Behavioral similarities between avian and mammalian responses to vasotocin and other neuroactive peptides are discussed.     

Paper Chromatography for Analysis Of A Dye Mixture

A paper chromatographic method for the identification and separation of stain components is proposed. Using an alkaline butanol-water solvent and the descending technic, a commercial product, known as “Triosin”, believed to consist of three (undetermined) dyes, has been separated into five components.

Three of the components were apparently parts of a typical eosin Y commercial sample, and the other two were orange G and erythrosin B. By means of elution of the components from the paper, followed by spectrophotometric analysis, it was possible to reconstitute a mixture which appeared to be identical with Triosin in spectrophotometric, chromatographic, and histological properties.     

Arginine catabolism by Thermanaerovibrio acidaminovorans

The arginine catabolism of Thermanaerovibrio acidaminovorans was investigated. T. acidaminovorans was able to produce approximately 0.4--0.5 mol citrulline and 0.5--0.6 mol ornithine from 1 mol of arginine. However, in a methanogenic coculture with Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum Z245 1 mol arginine was converted to approximately 1 mol of propionate, 0.5 mol acetate, 4 mol ammonia and 4 mol hydrogen; citrulline and ornithine were not formed. Enzyme measurements indicated the presence of the arginine deiminase pathway (ADI) in cells of T. acidaminovorans growing on arginine.     

腹腔注射精氨酸对小鼠S_（180）瘤生长的促进作用

尽管大多数动物实验的结果表明通过饮水或饲料补充精氨酸对一些肿瘤的形成、生长及转移均有显著的抑制作用,但也有少数几篇相反结果的报道。我们采用小鼠腹腔注射的方法,观察了不同剂量（０．１、０．０５、０．０２５克／每天）精氨酸对Ｓ１８０瘤生长的影响,结果发现精氨酸对Ｓ１８０瘤的生长具有显著的促进作用,尤其是０．０５克／每天剂量组,文中就其可能机制进行了讨论。     

甲壳动物精氨酸激酶的结构与功能

精氨酸激酶（Arginine kinase）是调节无脊椎动物能量代谢的重要酶,在调节无脊椎动物体内磷酸精氨酸与ATP之间的能量平衡过程中具有重要作用。甲壳动物是节肢动物门内最重要的类群之一,并具有重要的经济价值。本文综述了甲壳动物体内精氨酸激酶的分子构象、表达变化及生理功能等方面的研究进展,为深入研究甲壳动物的能量代谢调控机制提供必要的参考。另外,文中对甲壳动物精氨酸激酶的重要性和研究中存在的问题进行了讨论。     

耐有机溶剂极端微生物的耐受机制及应用

耐有机溶剂微生物是一类新颖的极端微生物,直到20世纪80年代才被系统地研究.它们通过各种耐受机制,有效抵御或降低有机溶剂对其细胞产生的毒害作用.因此,在全细胞催化、环境污染治理等领域,耐有机溶剂极端微生物具有广阔的工业应用前景.此外,深入透彻地了解耐有机溶剂极端微生物的各种耐受机制,有助于利用基因工程技术改造和优化现有耐有机溶剂极端微生物的各种性能,进一步拓展其工业应用领域.本文将从囊泡外排、改变细胞膜磷脂结构和组成等4个方面概述近年来耐有机溶剂极端微生物的耐受机制研究新进展,并介绍它们在全细胞催化等领域的应用.