蜀柏毒蛾核型多角体病毒结构多肽及基因组酶切分析

对蜀柏毒蛾核型多角体病毒(Parocneria orienta Nuclear polyhedrovirus,简称PaorNPV)形态结构、结构多肽、限制性内切酶图谱等特性进行了研究.采用不连续系统垂直板SDS-PAGE分析了PaorNPV的多角体蛋白、病毒粒子结构多肽.应用5种限制性内切酶对PaorNPV基因组DNA进行了酶切分析.结果表明:经热处理的多角体蛋白仅有一条带,分子量为31.5 kD,不经热处理的多角体蛋白有三条带,分子量分别为31.5 kD、29.1 kD、28.6 kD;病毒粒子包含有25种结构多肽,分子量范围在17.6-114.6 kD之间.PaorNPV DNA经BamH I.EcoR I、HindⅢ、Pst I和Xho I酶切分别产生9、12、12、12和14条片段.基因组大小平均为124.6 kb.     

棉铃虫（Heliothisspp）核型多角体病毒四个分离株的比较研究

本文从形态结构、生物活性、结构多肽、核酸限制性内切酶图谱和核酸同源性等方面对棉铃虫核型多角体病毒四个分离株（两个ＳＮＰＶ分离株：ＨａＳ、ＨｚＳ,和两个ＭＮＰＶ分离株：ＨａＭ１、ＨａＭ２）进行了比较研究。它们对中国棉铃虫二龄末三龄初幼虫的ＬＤ５０佰依次为３６１、３８７、２６３３、３５６０ＰＩＢｓ／克饲料,当感染剂过为５×ｌ０３ＰＩＢｓ／克饲料时,其ＬＴ５０值依次为４．６、４．９、６．４和６．６天。两个ＳＮＰＶ分离株的生物活性显著高于两个ＭＮＰＶ分离株。经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析,四个分离株多角体蛋白均为一条带,两个ＭＮＰＶ分离株结构多肽均具有相同的迁移率,两个ＳＮＰＶ分离株的结构多肽图谱也颇相似,但ＳＮＰＶ与ＭＮＰＶ分离株之间带型相差较大。各分离株基出组经ＢａｍＨＩ、ＥｃｏＲＩ、ＨｉｎｄⅢ和ＸｂａＩ消化后,得到的内切酶图谱表现为两个ＮＭＰＶ分离株一致,两个ＳＮＰＶ分离株也很相似,而ＳＮＰＶ与ＭＮＰＶ分离株之间相差很大。严格条件杂交结果表明：两个ＳＮＰＶ分离株的基因组有较高的同源性,而ＳＮＰＶ与ＭＮＰＶ基因组之间的同源性极低。     

木毒蛾核型多角体病毒形态结构及理化性质的研究

木毒蛾核型多角体病毒属昆虫杆状病毒科,核型多角体病毒属,多粒包埋型。在扫描电镜下,多角体呈不规则多面体,大小下一,平均直径为１．４μｍ,病毒粒子杆状,大小约为３９４×５６ｎｍ,经ＳＤＭ－ＰＡＧＥ分析,病毒多角体蛋白分子量为３０．５ｋＤ,病毒粒子结构蛋白由１９条多肽组成,分子量范围在８８－１７ｋＤ之间。多角体富含Ｇｌｕ、Ｖａｌ、Ｌｅｕ、而Ｃｙｓ、Ｍｅｔ、和Ｈｉｓ含量较少。其酸碱氨基酸之比为１．２６。病毒核酸为一环状ＤＮＡ,长度约为３８μｍ,经ＨｉｎｄⅢ、ＰｓｔⅠ、ＥｃｏＲⅠ和ＢｇｌⅠ单酶切以及ＢａｍＨⅠ＋ＨｉｎｄⅢ、ＢａｍＨⅠ＋ＰｓｔⅠ、ＢａｍＨⅠ＋ＢｇＩⅠ和Ｘｈｏｌ＋ＥｃｏＲⅠ双酶切分析,ＤＮＡ总分子量约为７１．６×１０￣６Ｄａｌｔｏｎｓ。     

家蚕核型多角体病毒基因polh的诱变分析

曾报道经化学诱变剂ＭＭＣ、９－ＡＡ和ＥＭＳ诱变的家蚕核型多角体病毒（ＢｍＮＰＶ）多角体形态出现异常,继代分离的诱变ＢｍＮＰＶ基因组对ＥｃｏＲＩ、ＢｇｌＩＩ和ＢａｍＨＩ的酶切谱发生变化。研究进一步揭示,诱变ＢｍＮＰＶ的多角体外层蛋白晶格排列呈现紊乱;多角体蛋白的ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳谱与对照组比较有显著差异;对多角体蛋白基因ｐｏｌｈ的测序结果显示,３组诱变ＢｍＮＰＶ的ｐｏｌｈ基因发生了多处碱基（氨基酸     

苜蓿丫纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒(AcMNPV)大立方形多角体突变株的分子生物学研究

利用空斑技术,从既能形成多角体又含ＴＫ酶基因的苜蓿丫纹夜蛾重组核型多角体病毒ＡｃＭＮＰＶ－ＴＫ中,纯化了一株形成大立方形多角体的病毒突变株ＡｃＭＮＰＶ－ＴＫｍｔ５１３。用ＥｃｏＲＩ、ＰｓｔⅠ、ＢｇｌⅡ及ＫｐｎⅠ等限制性内切酶对它做了酶切分析,并克隆了多角体蛋白全基因及其侧翼部分的片段。对所克隆的部分全序列测定结果,发现在多角体蛋白基因读码框内只出现了一个碱基的突变,导致了第２５位的氨基酸密码子由ＧＧＴ变为ＧＡＴ,该位氨基酸由甘氨酸（Ｇｌｙ）变为天冬氨酸（Ａｓｐｑ）还利用ＰＣＲ技术扩增出突变了的多角体蛋白基因部分片段,并将它克隆入转移载体质粒ｐＥＶ５５,与不形成多角体的重组病毒ＴｎＮＰＶ－ＨＢｓＤ４ＤＮＡ共转染Ｓｆ９细胞,结果产生同样的大立方形多角体病毒。     

油桐尺蠖核型多角体病毒多角体蛋白的理化性质及二级结构预测

由ＳＤＳ及梯度胶电泳测得测得油桐尺蠖核型多型多角体病毒多角体蛋白天然状态及亚基分子量分别为３６３ｋＤ与３１．５ｋＤ从而推断此蛋白为十二聚体,亚基间无二硫键作用,ＢｓＮＰＶ多角体蛋白的远紫外圆二色谱显示,它的二级结构含有３１．７％的α螺旋,２３．８％的β折叠及４４．５％的无规卷曲,与二级结构预测结果相符,通过荧光光谱实验推知,ＢｓＮＰＶ多角体蛋白的表面疏水性弱;其色氨酸残基位于蛋白疏水核内部。     

棉铃虫核型多角体病毒朝鲜分离株的初步研究

为了充分利用棉铃虫核型多角体病毒(Helicoverpa armigera,HaSNPV)资源,为开展害虫生物防治提供依据,对首次在朝鲜分离到的棉铃虫核型多角体病毒进行了研究。本文从形态结构,结构多肽。核酸限制性内切酶图谱等方面进行了研究。多角体直径0.36-1.3μm,平均1.02μm,病毒粒子大小为326 nm×69nm。经SDS-PAGE分析,棉铃虫核型多角体朝鲜株多角体蛋白为一条带。多角体蛋白分子量为28.7kDa。棉铃虫核型多角体朝鲜株基因组经BamH Ⅰ,EcoR Ⅰ,HindⅢ和Pst Ⅰ消化后,得到的内切酶图谱表现,与已报道的几个分离株比较类似。分子大小均为130.18kb。     

棉铃虫核型多角体病毒朝鲜分离株的初步研究

为了充分利用棉铃虫核型多角体病毒(Helicoverpa armigera,HaSNPV)资源,为开展害虫生物防治提供依据,对首次在朝鲜分离到的棉铃虫核型多角体病毒进行了研究.本文从形态结构,结构多肽.核酸限制性内切酶图谱等方面进行了研究.多角体直径0.36-1.3 μm,平均1.02μm,病毒粒子大小为326 nm×69nm.经SDS-PAGE分析,棉铃虫核型多角体朝鲜株多角体蛋白为一条带.多角体蛋白分子量为28.7kDa.棉铃虫核型多角体朝鲜株基因组经BamH I,EcoR I,HindⅢ和Pst I消化后,得到的内切酶图谱表现,与已报道的几个分离株比较类似.分子大小均为130.18kb.     

多角体蛋白的结构多样性和杆状病毒的进化研究

在测定ＬｓＭＮＰＶ多角体蛋白基因的全序列并推导出多角体蛋白氨基酸顺序的基础上,与２２种杆状病毒多角体蛋白的氨基酸顺序进行比较,以氨基酸变异曲线研究蛋白质一级结构中氨基酸的保守性,并推测一个模式多角体蛋白（ＭＰｈ）氨基酸顺序;用ＰＲＯＳＩＳ软件对ＭＰｈ及其它５种代表性病毒的多角体蛋白进行了氨基酸亲水性分析,还对２４种多角蛋白的二级结构作出了推测,指出了特征性结构区与氨基酸高变区,亲水区多样性变化的相     

薄荷伪造桥虫NPV感染斜纹夜蛾幼虫分离的一种新NPV特性的研究

用薄荷伪造桥虫核型多角体病毒(Argroyamma agnata NPV)(以下简称Aa NPV)在室内感染斜纹夜蛾(Prodenia litura)幼虫,从死虫体内分离到一种NPV。经电镜观察,多角体蛋白分析、病毒核酸的限制性内切酶酶解分析等研究,证明此多角体直径为1.5—2.6/μm,病毒粒子为杆状,其大小为100—150×420nm,病毒粒子为多粒包埋型。提纯的多角体蛋白只有一种多肽,分子量为33,500d,提纯的病毒粒子的结构多肽至少有15种,其分子量范围为15,600     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism