流行我国云南的猪人住肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis suihominis)的人——猪间循环感染研究

本文对流行于我国云南的猪人住肉孢子虫(Sarcoystis suihominis)作了人——猪间的循环感染研究。表明它与流行于欧洲的猪人住肉孢子虫在寄主特异性、排卵囊前期、缓殖子大小、包囊在中间寄主体内的分布和包囊壁的超徽结构等方面有一定差异。究竟两者是否同属一个种,有待进一步研究。     

试验感染水牛体内枯氏住肉孢子虫内生发育的超微结构

通过人工感染试验在电镜下对一种住肉孢子虫在水牛体内的发育进行了研究。结果揭示在血管内皮细胞中的裂殖生殖和在肌细胞内的包囊发育过程与枯氏住肉孢子虫的一致,裂殖体、裂殖子、包囊壁和囊内母细胞、缓殖子的超微结构亦与枯氏住肉孢子虫的相同。首次通过试验感染的发育史研究证明,流行于我国湖南水牛的一种小包囊属于枯氏住肉孢子虫,水牛是黄牛枯氏住肉孢子虫的新宿主。     

羚牛住肉孢子虫在中国首次发现

以羚牛(Budorcas taxicolor)作为住肉孢子虫Sarcocystis的中间宿主,至今国内外尚无报道。1989年4月,在成都市动物园自然死亡的一头羚牛的食道和舌肌上发现有大量形似纺锤形肉孢子虫Sarcocystis fusiformis(同种异名有S.blanchardi,S.siamensis,S.bubali,Balbiania fusiformis)寄生。现将其外观形态和组织切片(H.E染色)的显微观察记述如下:寄生于羚牛的住肉孢子虫(包囊)位于肌原纤维间,其长轴方向与肌纤维方向一致。外观为乳白色的纺锤形或长椭圆形,大小为4.7×2.25(3.0—6.5×1.5—3.0)mm。囊壁由两层构成,外壁厚呈海绵样,H·E染色为粉…     

水牛和黄牛肉孢子虫包囊超微结构研究

左仰贤(1988)曾报道一种寄生于水牛的肉孢子虫未定种(Sarcocystis sp.)包囊,其光学形态和梭形肉孢子虫(S.fusiformis)、莱氏肉孢子虫(S.levinei)、枯氏肉孢子虫(S.cruzi)、毛肉孢子虫(S.hirsuta)的包囊均不同。本文用扫描和透射电镜对这五种肉孢子虫包囊的超微结构进行观察。 材料和方法 将包囊分别用0.85％生理盐水清洗,然后用2.5％戊二醛固定,(1)经脱水、干燥、喷金,用 Jsm 3.5 型扫描电镜观察;(2)用 0.1mol/L、pH7.2 磷酸盐缓冲液洗两次,1％ 锇酸固定,经脱     

塔里木马鹿自然感染住肉孢子虫病的病理学观察

对一例自然感染住肉孢子虫的塔里木马鹿进行病理组织学观察。采集濒死期的塔里木马鹿心、肝、脾、肺、肾、骨骼肌、淋巴结、胃、肠等脏器,10% 福尔马林固定,石蜡包埋,切片、H.E 染色,作病理组织学观察。结果表明:各组织瘀血、出血,均有炎性细胞浸润,尤以嗜酸性粒细胞多见。在骨骼肌组织中观察到了住肉孢子虫包囊,在肾小球入球小动脉内皮细胞中有裂殖子存在,其余各组织未见不同发育阶段的虫体。     

肉孢子虫在陕西省鹿体内的发现

肉孢子虫除发现寄生禽类、爬虫类外,还在很多哺乳动物(包括家畜和某些野生动物)的体内寄生。人体也有感染肉孢子虫的报道。它们均隶属于真球虫目(Eucoccidiorida),肉孢子虫     

在北京牛体内发现的贝氏贝诺孢子虫

1.本文报告了1955年在北京屠宰场内一只黄牛的皮下组织里发现的孢子虫—贝氏贝诺孢子虫。 2.在本例所见的贝氏贝诺孢子虫,孢子囊为白色,直径为0.13—0.23毫米,成群的分布在皮下的结缔组织里。它们与血管有密切的关系。囊壁厚(18.25—36.50微米),分为三层,囊内含有一团孢子。孢子呈椭圆形或梭形。新鲜的孢子可以缓慢活动。孢子对大白鼠或小白鼠无感染力。 3.本文详述了贝诺孢子虫、住肉孢子虫和球形体三属的特点和三属的区别。贝诺孢子虫在形态上、寄生部位上和动物的自然感染率上,都和住肉孢子虫不同;在寄生部位上和繁殖方法上又和球形体不同,所以贝诺孢子虫应自成一属。文中并将过去文献中,与贝诺孢子虫形态相同的种类,加以比较确定后,均归於贝诺属内。     

寄生于褐家鼠的肉孢子虫一新种(孢子纲,真球虫目)

描记于云南省安宁市褐家鼠Rattus norvegicus肌肉内检获肉孢子虫1新种:左氏肉孢子虫Sarcocystis zuoisp.nov..新种肌肉内的包囊乳白色,呈梭形,大小为1 058μm×117μm.包囊壁具有长指状突起,突起大小为10.0μm×2.5μm.透射电镜下,包囊壁突起在基部高度分枝,突起通过分枝的基部相互连接在一起.     

微粒子虫属二新种(微孢子门:微粒子科)

1982年我们从广西、贵州等地稻纵卷叶螟体内曾检出微孢子虫孢子,近年对这种微孢子虫进行了研究,发现是一种新的微粒子虫。我国玉米螟微粒子虫曾被认为是Nosemapyraustae(Paillot,1928)Wieser(问锦曾,1965),但近年作者等观察我国几个省区孢子样本的超微构造,并和美国N. pyrausta(Paillot)直接作了形态学与病理学比较,发现它也是微粒子虫属一新种。本文将这两新种作一记述。新种模式玻片标本保存在北京,中国农业科学院植物保护研究所。     

黄牛肉孢子虫对犬和猫的感染试验

将感染肉孢子虫的牛肉喂给4条犬和4只猫,分别于9—11天和8—9天从粪中检出孢子囊,其感染分别持续28—37天和28—34天。对照犬猫粪中一直未查出孢子囊。感染犬猫粪中的孢子囊均为椭圆形,无色,内有4个子孢子和不规则颗粒性残体,其大小分别为15.44×10.09μm和12.12×7.68μm。用感染犬粪中的新鲜孢子囊接种另2条健犬,粪检未见孢子囊。对感染清除后的2条犬再次接种包囊,发生了与初次接种类似的感染过程。结果表明,感染东北黄牛的肉孢子虫至少2种,牛犬肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis bovicanis)和牛猫肉孢子虫(Sarcocystis bovifelis)。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.