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1.
菲律宾生物技术监管体系始终坚持以科学为依据,其他发展中国家逐渐将菲律宾作为生物技术政策和法规方面的楷模。第一种本地开发的转基因作物“Bt茄子”可能在2013年初前实现商业化,“金色水稻”可能紧随其后。目前没有生物技术相关的贸易中断的报道,美国出口的转基因产品在2010年继续保持增长。菲律宾农业政策仍然是以食品保障为导向,政策的制定工作一直以来保持积极态势。但是,最近批准的《菲律宾发展计划》支持了转基因产品的标签工作以及对环境风险评估采取谨慎态度。  相似文献   

2.
阿根廷仍然是继美国和巴西之后第三大生物技术作物生产国,产量占到全球生物技术作物产量的15%。2011年5月19日,阿根廷政府批准先正达公司研发的转基因玉米MIR162可以进行生产和商业化,该产品在欧洲尚未获批,这一举措代表着阿根廷向着欧盟的“镜子政策”的反方向迈出了一步。为了找到一种承认知识产权的机制,孟山都公司制订了(在种子行业的支持下)与农民签署的私人协议。到目前为止,3 640个农民签署了协议,占到种植总面积的31.5%.  相似文献   

3.
加拿大生物技术作物的种植面积预计2011年将达到800万hm2,比2010年的690万hm2有所增加。生物技术作物主要包括油菜籽、玉米、大豆,最近还新进增加一部分甜菜的种植。加拿大目前是几个已经批准种植复合性状作物,或是将三种性状复合在一种作物上的国家之一。在动物方面,加拿大监管机构有可能在2012年下发关于克隆作物或产物在加拿大新型食物应用方面的法案。  相似文献   

4.
因为行业需求和公众认知的多样化,欧盟成员国对生物技术采取的态度可以总结如下:已经生产生物技术作物的成员国;准备采用生物技术的成员国;立法有限制、民意反对但是农民和行业支持生物技术的成员国、强烈反对生物技术的成员国。欧盟依赖于饲料配料(主要是大豆和玉米产品)的进口,以满足畜禽行业的需求,其供应国也是基因工程(GE)玉米和大豆的主要生产国。欧盟境内没有进行基因工程动物的商业化生产,基因工程动物仅用于研究目的的医疗和医药应用领域中。  相似文献   

5.
目前,新加坡国内还没有任何植物生物技术投入商业化生产。截至2020年10月,新加坡共有43种转基因(genetically engineered,GE)植物产品获准用作食品或食品成分。新加坡遗传改良咨询委员会(Genetic Modification Advisory Committee,GMAC)最近修订了关于基因叠加事件的法规,采用“高覆盖低”的方法,对来源于先前GMAC认可的较低阶组合的高阶叠加事件组合豁免监管评估。  相似文献   

6.
巴西是世界上第二大植物生物技术农作物生产国。预计在2011-2012年间种植生物技术农作物的面积将增加16%。种植面积的增加主要归因于巴西增加了生物技术玉米事件的审批,并为农民提供信贷补贴。本报告还提供了最新数据用以反映新的贸易信息和政府资源。  相似文献   

7.
棉花是巴基斯坦唯一批准种植和使用的转基因作物。监管的不明确阻碍了生命科学公司为其他转基因作物寻求获批,但国家生物安全委员会仍在制定转基因食品、饲料和加工品的进口准则。2020年,巴基斯坦进口了大约220万t大豆,其中美国占据了近50%的市场份额。  相似文献   

8.
《生物产业技术》2011,(2):21-24
2011年度日本与生物技术产业相关的预算,概算总额为2631亿日元(1日元=0.07909元人民币,仅供参考,下同),比2010年减少3.5%。增减细目是.厚生劳动省减少2.7%,经济产业省减少24.5%,文部科学省增加4.7%,农林水产省减少15.4%,环境省减少4.2%。  相似文献   

9.
1992年 ,美国国家研究委员会 (NRC)曾做过一项“1981~ 1991年间美国—日本生物技术合作”的重要研究。研究表明 ,日本公司常常与美国生物技术公司发展商业协议。美国公司通过研究开发合同、联合产品开发、市场销售协议和资本投入来改善其财务状况 ,而日本合作者则利用其强大的现金状况 ,从技术转移和取得创新技术上获得利益。1 改变产业的面貌在经济危机冲击下 ,日本生物技术商业显露出某些先天性弱点 :规模、脆弱的科学基础和依赖国内市场。规模在为长期研究开发、生产和销售提供必需资源方面是个关健。据估计 ,在 80年代末期 ,一个大…  相似文献   

10.
生物技术与农业   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
  相似文献   

11.
《生物多样性公约》缔约国,为了现代生物技术生产的活性转基因生物(LMO)的安全转移和使用,保护人类健康和生物多样性,经过5年的艰苦谈判,于2000年初通过了《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书》,成为第一部有关LMO的国际法。该《议定书》确认了预先防范原则,允许缔约方禁止或限制LMO进境,并要求含有LMO的货物附有标签。作者预测了《议定书》对转基因农产品国际贸易和生物技术发展的影响,并对我国应采取的对策提出了  相似文献   

12.
Recent globalization has been characterized by a decline in the costs of cross-border trade in farm and other products. It has been driven primarily by the information and communication technology revolution and—in the case of farm products—by reductions in governmental distortions to agricultural production, consumption and trade. Both have boosted economic growth and reduced poverty globally, especially in Asia. The first but maybe not the second of these drivers will continue in coming decades. World food prices will depend also on whether (and if so by how much) farm productivity growth continues to outpace demand growth and to what extent diets in emerging economies move towards livestock and horticultural products at the expense of staples. Demand in turn will be driven not only by population and income growth, but also by crude oil prices if they remain at current historically high levels, since that will affect biofuel demand. Climate change mitigation policies and adaptation, water market developments and market access standards particularly for transgenic foods will add to future production, price and trade uncertainties.  相似文献   

13.
    
One of the most common agricultural wastes generated in rice producing countries, rice hull (RH) is considered an environmental problem due to increased rice production and RH accumulation, especially because natural degradation in the environment is very difficult and time-consuming. Currently, RH is mostly used as bed for broiler chickens or burned for energy generation, two processes that prevent environmental accumulation in a sustainable way, without adding value to the RH. To diversificate its use and effectively add some value to the RH, a pretreatment is frequently needed, allowing the application of several biotechnological approaches. In this review, we gather information about biotechnological uses of crude and processed RH, including their use as fertilizers, filler material in natural rubber and incorporation in cement for civil construction purposes, along with their use in processes as silica extraction and adsorption/removal of environmental contaminants as heavy metals and dyes. Finally, we critically evaluate the data published in the literature, and based on our own findings, we point future directions related to RH biodegradation and further methane production.  相似文献   

14.
欧盟现代农业生物技术应用热点   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
农业是现代生物技术最重要的应用领域之一,随着人类对农业生物技术认识的不断深入,相关国家纷纷把农业生物技术作为提高国家农业竞争力的突破口。欧盟作为科技发达国家和比较发达国家的联合体,其科技实力在世界占有显著地位。作者简要分类评述了欧盟在植物养殖、家畜繁殖、鱼类繁殖、饲料添加剂、动物保健、食品诊断等领域的相关技术应用,为我国相关研究提供参考。  相似文献   

15.
    
Abstract

Biotechnology, defined as the technological application that uses biological systems and living organisms, or their derivatives, to create or modify diverse products or processes, is widely used for healthcare, agricultural and environmental applications. The continuity in industrial applications of biotechnology enables the rise and development of the bioeconomy concept. Bioeconomy, including all applications of biotechnology, is defined as translation of knowledge received from life sciences into new, sustainable, environment friendly and competitive products. With the advanced research and eco-efficient processes in the scope of bioeconomy, more healthy and sustainable life is promised. Knowledge-based bioeconomy with its economic, social and environmental potential has already been brought to the research agendas of European Union (EU) countries. The aim of this study is to summarize the development of knowledge-based bioeconomy in EU countries and to evaluate Turkey’s current situation compared to them. EU-funded biotechnology research projects under FP6 and FP7 and nationally-funded biotechnology projects under The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) Academic Research Funding Program Directorate (ARDEB) and Technology and Innovation Funding Programs Directorate (TEYDEB) were examined. In the context of this study, the main research areas and subfields which have been funded, the budget spent and the number of projects funded since 2003 both nationally and EU-wide and the gaps and overlapping topics were analyzed. In consideration of the results, detailed suggestions for Turkey have been proposed. The research results are expected to be used as a roadmap for coordinating the stakeholders of bioeconomy and integrating Turkish Research Areas into European Research Areas.  相似文献   

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