The neutrophil receptor apparatus in typhoid fever

In 157 typhoid fever patients and 36 practically healthy persons the content of neutrophils forming complement-dependent rosettes (NEAC rosette-forming cells), as well as rosettes with sheep red blood cells (NE rosette-forming cells) and with typhoid erythrocyte diagnosticum (NS rosette-forming cells), has been studied. The data obtained in this investigation indicate that antigen-binding neutrophils play an active functional role in the pathogenesis of typhoid fever at its acute stage. The values characterizing the content of N rosette-forming cells may be used as a criterion for the evaluation of the severity of infection, as well as for the prognostication of complications and relapses.     

The complex serologic diagnosis of typhoid fever

A parallel serological study of the blood sera of typhoid patients has been made by the methods of countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis and the indirect hemagglutination test with a view to establish the presence of soluble typhoid antigens and their corresponding antibodies. As shown in this study, the occurrence of Salmonella typhi O- and Vi-antigens is essentially higher than the content of specific antibodies in diagnostically significant titers.     

The dynamics of antibody formation to a vaccinal strain of Francisella tularensis in different immunization regimens

The use of different schemes of albino mice immunization either by living or by killed preparations of the vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis when obtaining monoclonal antibodies to the tularemia microbe made it possible to reveal definite regularities in the dynamics of antibody formation. The highest titres of antibodies in sera of animals-donors of splenocytes were obtained during the daily (for 3 days) intraperitoneal immunization of mice with living vaccine or with its thrice administration to the spleen thrice with the interval of 10 days. Revaccination against a background of high titres of antibodies decreased their quantity in blood serum of mice, while that against a background of low titres increased them.     

The molecular mechanisms of severe typhoid fever.

Salmonella typhi continues to cause severe disease in many parts of the world, its most feared complication being perforation of ulcerated Peyer's patches within the small intestine, leading to peritonitis with associated mortality. The pathogenesis of this process is not well understood. In this article, we present a theoretical mechanism as to how bacterial factors and host immunological mediators within infected tissue might contribute to the observed intestinal pathology, and propose that necrosis of the Peyer's patches observed in typhoid is caused by a mechanism similar to the Shwartzman and Koch reactions.