二叠纪放射虫Follicucullus bipartitus－F．charveti组合带的发现及其地质意义

二叠纪丑中虫科放射虫中有一类顶锥部分向腹边弯曲的放射虫,Ｉｓｈｉｇａ称为Ｆｏｌｌｉｃｕｃｕｌｌｕｓｂｉｐａｒｔｉｔｕｓ－Ｆ．ｃｈａｒｖｅｔｉ组合带,由于其形状奇特,层位稳定,已成为二叠纪较好的标准带化石,并与类Ｌｅｐｉｄｏｌｉｎａｋｕｍａｅｎｓｉｓ带对比。目前这类化石仅在东南亚地区的西南日本、菲律宾巴拉望地区和中国广西钦州地区发现表明,这些地区的放射虫当时很可能是在同一个洋盆中沉积的,只是由于它们各自的沉积历史不一样,以及后来的板块活动,造成了原始块体的离散、飘移,形成目前这种分布格局。这个放射虫动物群包括６科１１属２１种（比较种、未定种）,其中有新种１个。这个动物群的时代要早于晚二叠世。     

新疆北部碳酸盐岩中一个晚泥盆世法门期放射虫动物群

产于新疆北部乌图布拉克（和丰牧场）俄姆哈一带根那仁组（上泥盆统上部—下石炭统下部）硅化灰岩中的这个放射虫动物群包括１２属１９种和２未定种,其中有新属１个,新种７个。这个动物群有二个形态组合,一个以球形多囊虫类Ｅｎｔａｅｔｉｎｉｄａｅ科占优势,另一个以Ｃｅｒａｔｏｉｋｉｓｃｉｄａｅ科和Ｈｏｌｏｅｃｉｓｃｉｄａｅ科的成员为特征。这个动物群与北美西部、俄罗斯东北部晚泥盆世法门期放射虫动物群可以对比,并可归入Ｈｏｌｏｅｃｉｓｃｕｓｆｏｒｅｍａｎａｅ带。     

滇西早石炭世放射虫化石

本文记述了采自滇西孟连、耿马及德钦地区的放射虫化石,共计１３属２５种（亚种）和６未定种,其中１新种（Ｐｏｌｙｅｎｔａｃｔｉｎｉａｓｅｘａｎｇｕｌａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）和１新亚种（Ａｌｂａｉｌｅｌａｉｎｄｅｎｓｉｓｂｒａｕｎｉｓｕｂｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）。该动物群可以与西欧早石炭世放射虫动物群对比。它们被划分为５个组合带,其中Ａｌｂａｉｌｅｌａｃｆ．ｐａｒａｄｏｘａ,Ａｌｂａｉｌｅｌａｄｅｆｌａｎｄｒｅｉ,Ａｌｂａｉｌｅｌａｉｎｄｅｎｓｉｓ和Ｅｏｓｔｙｌｏｄｉｃｔｙａｒｏｔａ组合带可与Ｂｒａｕｎ等（１９９３）的同名化石带对比,Ａｌｂａｉｌｅｌａｃａｒｔａｌａ组合带大致相当于Ｂｒａｕｎ等（１９９３）的Ａｌｂａｉｌｅｌａｃａｒｔａｌａ和Ｌａｔｅｎｔｉｆｉｓｔｕｌａｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒｉｃａ带。     

四川盆地第四纪哺乳动物群的演替

在新发现的北碚天台山、华蓥天池、合川三汇坝等哺乳动物化石群研究的基础上,综合四川盆地及盆周山地１５个化石群的资料,应用动物生存时代几率、断代动物、动物绝灭率的分析和年代学数据的比较等方法,判断了各动物群的时代,划分出四川盆地第四纪哺乳动物群的５个演化阶段（３个动物群含４个亚群）：早更新世的Ａｉｌｕｒｏｐｏｄａｍｉｃｒｏｔａ动物群;中晚更新世的ＲｈｉｎｏｃｅｒｏｓｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＭｅｇａｔａｐｉｒｕｓａｕｇｕｓｔｕｓ动物群,包括Ａ．ｍｄａｎｏｌｅｕｃａｆｏｖｅａｌｉｓＨｙａｅｎａｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ亚群（Ｑ２）和Ａ．ｍ．ｂａｃｏｎｉＣｒｏｃｕｔａｕｌｔｉｍａ亚群（Ｑ３）;全新世的Ａ．ｍ．ｍｅｌａｎｏｌｅｕｃａＤｏｍｅｓｔｉｃ动物群,包括Ｒ．ｓｏｎｄａｉｃｕｓＳｕｓｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃａ亚群（Ｑ４中后期）和田野城镇（ＦｉｅｌｄＴｏｗｎ）亚群     

湘中锡矿山邵东组和孟公坳组孢子组合──兼论泥盆－石炭系界线

湘中锡矿山邵东组和孟公坳组共产小孢子４５属８３种（含１０个新种,３个新联合）,可划分为４个孢子组合,即：Ｒｅｔｉｓｐｏｒａｌｅｐｉｄｏｐｈｙｔａ－Ａｐｉｃｕｌｉｒｅｔｕｓｉｓｐｏｒａｆｒｕｃｔｉｃｏｓａ（ＬＦ）组合,Ｒｕｇｏｓｐｏｒａｃｆ．ｆｌｅｘｕｏｓａ－Ｒｅｔｉｓｐｏｒａｌｅｐｉｄｏｐｈｙｔａ（ＦＬ）组合,ＬｏｐｈｏｚｏｎｏｔｒｉＩｅｔｅｓｅｘｃｉｓｕｓ－Ｒｅｔｉｓｐｏｒａｌｅｐｉｄｏｐｈｙｔａ（ＥＬ）组合和Ｃｒａｓｓｉｓｐｏｒａｃｆ．ｋｏｓａｎｋｅｉ－Ｌｙｃｏｓｐｏｒａｄｅｎｔｉｃｕｌａｔａ（ＫＤ）组合。根据孢子组合的特征,泥盆－石炭系界线置于ＥＬ与ＫＤ组合之间,即相当于孟公坳组中下部与上部之间。     

微量元素锗对四种微藻光合色素的影响

采用溶液培养方法,以锗作为胁迫因子,研究了锗对４种微藻“钝顶螺旋藻（Ｓｐｉｒｕｌｉｎａ ｐｌａｔｅｎｓｉｓ）、盐生杜氏藻（Ｄｕｎａｌｉｅｌｌａ ｓａｌｉｎａ）、淇江叉鞭金藻（Ｄｉｃｒａｔｅｒｉａ ｚｈａｎｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ）和微绿藻（Ｎａｎｎｏｃｈｌｏｒｏｐｓｉｓ．ｓｐ）光合色素的影响。实验结果表明,经１０ｍｇ／ｄｍ＾３锗处理后,四种藻类细胞中的光合色素都发生了较大变化,有些色素发生明显的增加或     

人埃里希体的研究进展

人埃里希体包括３个种：Ｅｈｒｌｉｃｈｉａ ｓｅｎｎｅｔｓｕ、Ｅｈｒｌｉｃｈｉａ ｃｈａｆｆｅｅｎｉｓｉｓ和人粒细胞埃里希体（ＨＧＥ）。Ｅ．ｓｅｎｎｅｔｓｕ和Ｅ．ｃｈａｆｆｅｅｎｓｉｓ主要寄生在单核细胞和巨噬细胞内,而ＨＧＥ主要寄生在粒细胞内。ＨＧＥ和Ｅ．ｃｈａｆｆｅｅｎｓｉｓ的传播媒介是蜱。３种人埃里希体分属埃里希体属３个不同的１６Ｓ ｒＲＮＡ基因群。     

c-fos基因在内皮素-1促肺泡Ⅱ型细胞表面活性物质合成中的作用

应用反义技术探讨ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因ＥＴ－１调控肺泡Ⅱ型细胞（ＡＴⅡ）表面活性物质（ＰＳ）合成的胞内信号转导中的作用,结果显示：（１）内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）可提高ＡＴⅡ细胞的＾３Ｈ－胆碱掺入。（２）蛋白激酶Ｃ（ＰＫＣ）激活剂ＰＭＡ可使ＡＴⅡ细胞的＾３Ｈ－胆碱掺入量增加,ＰＫＣ抑制剂Ｈ７可抑制ＥＴ－１的促ＰＳ合成效应。（３）ＥＴ－１和ＰＭＡ可显著提高Ｆｏｓ蛋白表达量,Ｈ７和ｃ－ｆｏｓ反义寡核苷酸（ＯＤＮ）     

红豆杉(Taxus chinensis (Pilger) Rehd.)中的非紫杉烷类化合物

从红豆杉（Ｔａｘｕｓ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｐｉｌｇｅｒ）Ｒｅｈｄ．）树皮中分离到三个非萜类化合物,波同它们提吴茱次碱（ｒｕｔａｅｃａｒｐｉｎｅ）（１）。山奈黄＝－４＇－甲醚（ｋａｅｍｐｆｅｒｏｌ－４＇－ｍｅｔｈｙｌ ｅｔｈｅｒ）（２）和谷甾醇（β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖甙（ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｒｙＩ－３－Ｏ－βｇｌｕｃｏｓｉｄｅ）（３）。吴茱次碱是首次在红豆杉属植物中发现。     

海南岛东部近海新第三纪孢粉植物群

根据ＢＤ２３－１－１井与孢子花粉共生的海相浮游有孔虫和钙质超微化石,论述了中国海南岛东部近海新第三纪各个时期的孢粉植物群特征。建立了４个孢粉组合,它们是：１．Ｑｕｅｒｃｏｉｄｉｔｅｓ－Ｃｕｐｕｌｉｆｅｒｏｉｐｏｌｅｎｉｔｅｓ－Ｆｌｏｒｓｈｕｅｔｚｉａ－Ｄｉｃｏｌｐｏｐｏｌｉｓ组合（早中新世晚期）;２．Ｄｉｃｏｌｐｏｐｏｌｉｓ－Ｅｘｔｒａ－ｐｕｎｃｔａｔｏｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｔａｘｏｄｉａｃｅａｅｐｏｌｅｎｉｔｅｓ组合（中中新世早期）;３．Ａｂｉｅｔｉｎｅａｅｐｏｌｅｎｉｔｅｓ－Ｐｏｌｙｐｏｄｉ－ａｃｅａｅｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｌｉｑｕｉｄａｍｂａｒｐｏｌｅｎｉｔｅｓ组合（中中新世晚期至晚中新世）;４．Ａｂｉｅｔｉｎｅａｅｐｏｌｅｎｉｔｅｓ－Ｐｅｒｓｉｃａｒｉｏｉｐｏｌｉｓ组合（晚中新世晚期至早上新世）。孢粉植物群反映了海南岛东部近海新第三纪的气候基本上一直比较温暖湿润,并且逐渐降温的历程。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.