Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Verbreitung des Aloïns und ihrer systematischen Bedeutung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Bestandsschwankungen und heutige Verbreitung des Wei?en Storches in Schleswig-Holstein

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Die Regulationsfunktionen des menschlichen Labyrinthes und die Zusammenhänge mit verwandten Funktionen

Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology -     

Beiträge zur Verbreitung und Ökologie der Landisopoden des Ostbaltikums

Ohne ZusammenfassungAbkürzungen der species-namen im text and in den tabellen A. o. Armadillidium opacum - A. pi. Armadillidium pictum - A. pu. Armadillidium pulchellum - A.z. Armadillidium zenckeri - C. Cylisticus convexus - H. m. Haplophthalmus mengii - L. Ligidium hypnorum - O. Oniseus asellus - P. c. Porcellium conspersum - P. p. Porcellio pictus - P. r. Tracheoniscus rathkei - P. sc. Porcellio scaber - Ph. Philoscia muscorum sylvestris - Tr. Trichoniscus caelebs, elisabethae, elisabethae estoniensis     

Der Bau des Zellkerns vonNavicula radiosa und verwandten Arten und die präanaphasische Trennung von Tochtercentromeren

Zusammenfassung Navicula radiosa besitzt im Ruhekern ein sehr großes Sammelchromozentrum aus dichtem Heterochromatin. Der überwiegende Teil des Chromosomensatzes besteht aus Heterochromatin.Die Chromosomen sind deutlich zweiarmig und zeigen Centromerenmechanismus. Ein Arm oder beide Arme sind kurz knöpfförmig ausgebildet. In der Metaphase zeigt sich, entgegen dem sonst gewohnten Verhalten und der üblichen Auffassung von der Rolle der Centromeren, eine Art von anaphasischer Trennung der Ansatzstellen in auffallender Weise; auf ähnliche, anscheinend nicht beachtete andere derartige Fälle wird hingewiesen.Innerhalb der GattungNavicula tritt Heterochromatin in sehr verschiedenen Mengen auf. BeiNavicula gracilis ist nahezu der gesamte Chromosomensatz heterochromatisch.     

Morphologie des spermatozoïdes

Spermatozoa morphology is one of the qualitative characteristics of spermatogenesis. However, because of both the variations in the definition of normal morphology and the existence of different kinds of sperm abnormalities as well as the use of various techniques of morphology assessment, such a parameter is poorly used in usual laboratory work. Morphological sperm anomalies can be from testicular or post-testicular origines, while the latter is still unproved. The causes of such anomalies are either from genetic origines, but in these cases any spermatozoa demonstrate this anomaly, or due to an endogenous factor with varicocele the most usually quoted but unproved pathology, But exogenous factors, either chemical such as drugs and pesticides or physical such as heat, are also responsible for morphological sperm anomalies. Analysis of sperm morphology is indicative of both the testicular health status (in cases of occupational exposure to chemical or physical toxics) and the fertility potential since morphology is correlated to sperm motility and involved in fertilization through the acrosome reaction.     

Die Verbreitung der postgenitalen Verwachsung im Gynözeum und ihre Bedeutung für die typologische Betrachtung des coenokarpen Gynözeums

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Über verschiedene Formen des Protoplasma-Zusammenhanges

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Über die Bedeutung der Dispersoidanalyse und eine Neukonstruktion des Diffusionsmikroskopes

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Evaluation morphologique des spermatozoïdes

Semen analysis, as defined by World Health Organisation (WHO), is a fundamental step in the work-up of infertile couples. Spermatozoa morphology has been recognised as the best predictive factor in natural fertility, and in intrauterine insemination and classicalin vitro fertilisation. Ultrastructural spermatozoa abnormalities are the only sperm alterations likely to influence the outcome of ICSI. However, these abnormalities cannot be detected by conventional microscopy (¥100 or ¥200–400). Bartoov et al. (2002) developed a real-time spermatozoa observation system using a ¥6600 magnification called MSOME (Magnification Motile Sperm Morphology Examination). Spermatozoa abnormalities detected with this technique are vacuoles localised on spermatozoa heads with variable number, size and site (nucleus or acrosome). Spermatozoa evaluation using MSOME could be performed to predict the probability of fertilisation by these spermatozoa either spontaneously or after assisted reproductive technology.     

Die periodische Tätigkeit des Organismus und ihre physiologische Bedeutung

Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology -     

Die periodische T?tigkeit des Organismus und ihre physiologische Bedeutung

Ohne Zusammenfassung(Deutsche Übertragung von Frau Else Asher.)     

Zur Kenntnis des phototropismus von cladoniapodetien und verwandten organen. (vorläufige mitteilungen.)

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Welche Bedeutung besitzt die Individualzüchtung für die Schaffung neuer und wertvoller Formen?

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Vorkommen und potenzielle Verbreitung des Rispenkrauts (Iva xanthiifolia) in ?sterreich

Iva xanthiifolia Nutt. is an annual species originating from North America that has been first introduced to Europe in the mid nineteenth century. The plant has successfully established mainly in Eastern Europe, where it threatens to become a human health problem because of the allergenic pollen produced by this species. The aim of the study was to reconstruct the colonisation of this species in Eastern Europe and to map its current distribution in Austria based on literature information. In addition, the potential distribution in Austria was assessed using a climate-matching approach. Today, I. xanthiifolia is actively spreading particularly in Hungary, Serbia and Bulgaria. In Austria, the plant occurs only rarely and casually as a ruderal plant mainly in towns, train stations and along railway tracks. Results of a climate matching simulation show that most parts of Austria are outside of the climatic range of I. xanthiifolia. However, the warm and continentally influenced eastern parts of Austria are climatically highly suitable for I. xanthiifolia. Small populations of I. xanthiifolia are already present in this region. In addition, further introductions of I. xanthiifolia in these regions is likely either by natural dispersal from well established population in the neighbouring countries (e.g. Slovakia, Czech Republic), or through contaminated grain imports and bird seed. Because of the potential impact of I. xanthiifolia to human health, establishment and spread of the plant should be monitored and strategies for containment and control should be implemented.     

La vitalité des spermatozoïdes

Most of the numerous techniques used to assess sperm viability only have research applications, while only two classical tests, i.e. eosin-Y and hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST), are currently used in routine sperm analysis to determine the percentage of viable sperm. A viability rate below 50% of living sperm defines necrozoospermia, a condition whose clinical significance is fairly difficult to assess as the mechanisms of sperm cell death are still poorly understood. However, even when a precise cause for necrozoospermia cannot be identified, abnormal viability requires further andrological investigations with particular emphasis on clinical and laboratory signs of chronic infection of the male reproductive tract. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can yield very good pregnancy rates, even in couples with the most severe forms of male infertility. However, when no motile sperm are available after sperm preparation, the outcome of ICSI is seriously impaired, probably because of a high risk of injecting dead sperm. In these patients, sperm viability could therefore be assessed by the hypo-osmotic swelling test in order to select only viable sperm for ICSI. However, the long incubation time of sperm in the hypo-osmotic solution, as recommended in the classical HOST procedure, has been shown to be detrimental to the spermatozoa. A single sperm test able to assess the viability of each individual spermatozoon within microdroplets covered by mineral oil therefore seems to be preferable. This selection procedure is less suitable in the case of immotile frozen-thawed sperm, as viability does not appear to be reliably predicted by HOST in cryopreserved sperm. Examination of sperm viability now also evaluates programmed cell death or apoptosis, as apoptotic alterations can be detected in spermatozoa by several techniques. The percentage of apoptotic sperm is correlated with deficient sperm parameters and poor outcome of assisted reproductive techniques. More effective selection procedures are therefore needed in order to identify spermatozoa not only with intact membranes but also with an intact genome to be used for ICSI.