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1.
The structure of the O-antigen polysaccharide (PS) from Escherichia coli O74 has been determined. Component analysis, together with 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as 1H,15N-HSQC experiments were employed to elucidate the structure. Inter-residue correlations were determined by 1H,1H-NOESY and 1H,13C-heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation experiments. The PS is composed of tetrasaccharide repeating units with the following structure:
Cross-peaks of low intensity from an α-linked N-acetylglucosamine residue were present in the NMR spectra, and spectral analysis indicates that they originate from the penultimate residue in the polysaccharide. Consequently, the biological repeating unit has a 3-substituted N-acetyl-d-glucosamine residue at its reducing end. The 1H, 13C and 15N NMR chemical shifts of the α- and β-anomeric forms of d-Fucp3NAc are also reported. The repeating unit of the E. coli O74 O-antigen is identical to that of the capsular polysaccharide from E. coli K45. 相似文献
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2.
Krishnendu Chandra Kaushik Ghosh Arnab K. Ojha Syed S. Islam 《Carbohydrate research》2009,344(16):2188-2194
A polysaccharide (PS-I) isolated from the aqueous extract of the unripe (green) tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) consists of d-galactose, d-methyl galacturonate, d-arabinose, l-arabinose, and l-rhamnose. Structural investigation of the polysaccharide was carried out using total acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation study, and NMR studies (1H, 13C, DQF-COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC). On the basis of above-mentioned experiments the structure of the repeating unit of the polysaccharide (PS-I) was established as:
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3.
The structure of the O-antigen polysaccharide (PS) from Escherichia coli O173 has been investigated. Sugar and methylation analyses, electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry together with 1H, 31P and 13C NMR spectroscopy were the main methods used. The structure of the pentasaccharide repeating unit of the PS was found to be:
By treatment with 48% HF the phosphoric diester linkage was cleaved together with the glycosidic linkage of the fucosyl group, rendering a tetrasaccharide with the structure: 相似文献
4.
Andrei V. Perepelov Vyacheslav L. Lvov Bin Liu Sofya N. Senchenkova Mariya E. Shekht Alexander S. Shashkov Lu Feng Petr G. Aparin Lei Wang Yuriy A. Knirel 《Carbohydrate research》2009,344(12):1588-876
The O-specific polysaccharide (O-antigen) structure of a Shigella flexneri type 4a strain from the Dysentery Reference Laboratory (London, UK) was elucidated in 1978 and its characteristic feature was found to be α-d-glucosylation of GlcNAc at position 6, which defines O-factor IV. Our NMR spectroscopic studies of the O-specific polysaccharides of two other strains belonging to S. flexneri type 4a (G1668 from Adelaide, Australia, and 1359 from Moscow, Russia) confirmed the carbohydrate backbone structure but revealed in both strains an additional component, ethanolamine phosphate (EtnP), attached at position 3 of one of the rhamnose residues:
Phosphorylation has not been hitherto reported in any S. flexneri O-antigen. Reinvestigation of the O-specific polysaccharide of S. flexneri type 4b showed that it is not phosphorylated and confirmed its structure established earlier. 相似文献
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5.
Alexander S. Shashkov Elena M. Tulskaya Galina M. Streshinskaya Sofya N. Senchenkova Alexander N. Avtukh Ludmila I. Evtushenko 《Carbohydrate research》2009,344(16):2255-2262
Each of the cell walls of four representatives of the genus Kribbella (order Actinomycetales; suborder Propionibacterineae; family Nocardioidaceae) contains a neutral polysaccharide and an acidic polysaccharide with unusual structures. Common to all four strains studied is a mannan with the following repeating unit:
In the cell wall of the strain VKM Ac-2541, a teichulosonic acid was identified with a monosaccharide component that has not hitherto been found in Gram-positive bacteria, viz., pseudaminic acid, and an unusual linkage type in the polymeric chain,
where R = Н (45%), α-d-Galp3OMe (37%) or α-d-Galp2,3OMe (18%).The anionic cell wall components of three other strains are represented by teichuronic acids with a rare constituent, viz., a diaminosugar, 2,3-diacetamido-2,3-dideoxyglucopyranose. The structures of their repeating units differ in the nature of the acidic components:→4)-β-d-Manp2,3NAcA-(1→6)-α-d-Glcp2,3NAc-(1→ (VKM Ас-2538 and VKM Ас-2540) and →4)-β-d-ManpNAcA-(1→6)-α-d-Glcp2,3NAc-(1→ (VKM Ас-2539).The structures of all the glycopolymers were established by chemical and NMR spectroscopic methods; they are identified in Gram-positive bacteria for the first time. 相似文献
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6.
Monica M. Cunneen Cristina De Castro Johanna Kenyon Michelangelo Parrilli Peter R. Reeves Antonio Molinaro Otto Holst Mikael Skurnik 《Carbohydrate research》2009,344(12):1533-1540
In the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotyping scheme, 21 serotypes are present originating from about 30 different O-factors distributed within the species. With regard to the chemical structures of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and the genetic basis of their biosynthesis, a number, but not all, of Y. pseudotuberculosis strains representing different serotypes have been investigated. In order to present an overall picture of the relationship between genetics and structures, we have been working on the genetics and structures of various Y. pseudotuberculosis O-specific polysaccharides (OPSs). Here, we present a structural and genetic analysis of the Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype O:11 OPS. Our results showed that this OPS structure has the same backbone as that of Y. pseudotuberculosis O:1b, but with a 6d-l-Altf side-branch instead of Parf. The 3′ end of the gene cluster is the same as that for O:1b and has the genes for synthesis of the backbone and for processing the completed repeat unit. The 5′ end has genes for synthesis of 6d-l-Altf and its transfer to the repeating unit backbone. The pathway for the synthesis of the 6d-l-Altf appears to be different from that for 6d-l-Altp in Y. enterocolitica O:3. The chemical structure of the O:11 repeating unit is
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7.
Y. A. Knirel Chengqian Qian A. S. Shashkov O. V. Sizova E. L. Zdorovenko O. I. Naumenko S. N. Senchenkova A. V. Perepelov Bin Liu 《Biochemistry. Biokhimii?a》2016,81(6):600-608
Gene clusters for biosynthesis of 24 of 34 basic O-antigen forms of Shigella spp. are identical or similar to those of the genetically closely related bacterium Escherichia coli. For 18 of these relatedness was confirmed chemically by elucidation of the O-antigen (O-polysaccharide) structures. In this work, structures of the six remaining O-antigens of E. coli O32, O53, O79, O105, O183 (all related to S. boydii serotypes), and O38 (related to S. dysenteriae type 8) were established using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. They were found to be identical to the Shigella counterparts, except for the O32- and O38-polysaccharides, which differ in the presence of O-acetyl groups. The structure of the E. coli O105-related O-polysaccharide of S. boydii type 11 proposed earlier is revised. The contents of the O-antigen gene clusters of the related strains of E. coli and Shigella spp. and different mechanisms of O-antigen diversification in these bacteria are discussed in view of the O-polysaccharide structures established. These data illustrate the value of the O-antigen chemistry and genetics for elucidation of evolutionary relationships of bacteria. 相似文献
8.
Structural characterization of an acidic exoheteropolysaccharide produced by the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Burkholderia tropica 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Rodrigo V. Serrato Guilherme L. Sassaki Philip A.J. Gorin Leonardo M. Cruz Fbio O. Pedrosa Biswa Choudhury Russell W. Carlson Marcello Iacomini 《Carbohydrate polymers》2008,73(4):564-572
An acidic exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by the diazotrophic bacterium Burkholderia tropica, strain Ppe8, was isolated from the culture supernatant of bacteria grown in a synthetic liquid medium containing mannitol and glutamate. Monosaccharide composition showed Rha, Glc and GlcA in a 2.0:2.0:1.0 molar ratio, respectively. Further structural characterization was performed by a combination of NMR, mass spectrometry and chemical methods. Partial acid hydrolysis of EPS provided a mixture of acidic oligosaccharides that were characterized by ESI-MS, giving rise to ions with m/z 193 (GlcA-H)−, 339 (GlcA,Rha-H)−, 501 (GlcA,Rha,Glc-H)−, 647 (GlcA,Rha2,Glc,-H)−, 809 (GlcA,Rha2,Glc2,-H)− and 851 (GlcA,Rha2,Glc2,OAc-H)−. Carboxyreduced EPS (EPS-CR) had Glc and Rha in a 3:2 ratio, present as d- and l-enantiomers, respectively. Methylation and NMR analysis of EPS and EPS-CR showed a main chain containing 2,4-di-O-Rhap, 3-O-Rhap and 4-O-Glcp. A GlcA side chain unit was found in the acidic EPS, substituting O-4 of α-l-Rhap units. This was observed as a non-reducing end unit of glucopyranose in the EPS-CR. Acetyl esters occured at O-2 of β-l-Rhap units. From the combined results herein, we determined the structure of the exocellular polysaccharide produced by B. tropica, Ppe8, as being a pentasaccharide repeating unit as shown:
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9.
Nikolay P. Arbatsky Alexander S. Shashkov Lu Feng Yuriy A. Knirel Lei Wang 《Carbohydrate research》2010,345(14):2090-2594
Studies by sugar analysis and partial acid hydrolysis along with one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution ESI MS showed that the O-polysaccharide (O-antigen) Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC 29004 (serotype O2) possesses a branched hexasaccharide O-unit with a randomly mono-O-acetylated terminal rhamnose residue in the side chain and the following structure:A similar structure has been reported for the O-polysaccharide of C. sakazakii 767, which differs in the presence of an additional lateral α-d-Glcp residue on GlcNAc and the pattern of O-acetylation (Czerwicka, M., Forsythe, S. J.; Bychowska, A.; Dziadziuszko, H.; Kunikowska, D.; Stepnowski, P.; Kaczynski, Z. Carbohydr. Res.2010, 345, 908-913). 相似文献
10.
11.
Marina Papaianni Felice Contaldi Andrea Fulgione Sheridan L. Woo Angela Casillo Maria Michela Corsaro Ermenegilda Parrilli Luca Marcolungo Marzia Rossato Massimo Delledonne Marianna Garonzi Domenico Iannelli Rosanna Capparelli 《BMC microbiology》2018,18(1):208
Background
The study describes the Salmonella Rissen phage ?1 isolated from the ?1-sensitive Salmonella Rissen strain RW. The same phage was then used to select the resistant strain RR?1+, which can harbour or not ?1.Results
Following this approach, we found that ?1, upon excision from RW cells with mitomycin, behaves as a temperate phage: lyses host cells and generates phage particles; instead, upon spontaneous excision from RR?1+ cells, it does not generate phage particles; causes loss of phage resistance; switches the O-antigen from the smooth to the rough phenotype, and favors the transition of Salmonella Rissen from the planktonic to the biofilm growth.The RW and RR?1+ strains differ by 10 genes; of these, only two (phosphomannomutase_1 and phosphomannomutase_2; both involved in the mannose synthesis pathway) display significant differences at the expression levels. This result suggests that phage resistance is associated with these two genes.Conclusions
Phage ?1 displays the unusual property of behaving as template as well as lytic phage. This feature was used by the phage to modulate several phases of Salmonella Rissen lifestyle.12.
13.
Perepelov AV Liu B Senchenkova SN Shashkov AS Guo D Feng L Knirel YA Wang L 《Carbohydrate research》2011,(2):381-383
The O-polysaccharide of Salmonella enterica O59 was studied using sugar analysis and 2D 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and the following structure of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit was established:→2)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-α-d-GlcpNAc-(1→4)-α-l-Rhap-(1→3)-β-d-GlcpNAc-(1→Accordingly, the O-antigen gene cluster of S. enterica O59 includes all genes necessary for the synthesis of this O-polysaccharide. Earlier, another structure has been reported for the O-polysaccharide of Salmonella arizonae (S. enterica IIIb) O59, which later was found to be identical to that of Citrobacter (Citrobacter braakii) O35 and, in this work, also to the O-polysaccharide of Escherichia coli O15. 相似文献
14.
Ewa Katzenellenbogen George V. Zatonsky Nina A. Kocharova Stefan Rowiski Andrzej Gamian Aleksander S. Shashkov Elbieta Romanowska Yuriy A. Knirel 《Carbohydrate research》2001,330(4):427
An acidic O-specific polysaccharide was isolated from Hafnia alvei PCM 1196 lipopolysaccharide and studied by sugar and methylation analyses along with one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including NOESY and HMBC experiments. The following structure of the pentasaccharide repeating unit was established: 相似文献
15.
The dissociation constant (Kd) for CO from neuronal nitric oxide synthase heme in the absence of the substrate and cofactor was less than 10−3 μM. In the presence of
-Arg, it dramatically increased up to 1 μM. In the presence of inhibitors such as NG-nitro-
-arginine methyl ester and 7-nitroindazole (NI), the Kd value further increased up to more than 100 μM. Addition of the cofactor, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B), increased the Kd value by 10-fold in the presence of
-Arg, whereas it decreased the value to less than one 250th in the presence of NI. Addition of H4B increased the recombination rate constant (kon) for CO by more than two-fold in the presence of
-Arg or N6-(1-iminoethyl)-
-lysine, whereas it decreased the kon value by three-fold in the presence of
-thiocitrulline. Thus, the binding fashion of some of inhibitors, such as NI, may be different from that of
-Arg with respect to the H4B effect. 相似文献
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17.
Isabelle Salard Emilie Mercey Eleni Rekka Jean-Luc Boucher Pierre Nioche Ivan Mikula Pavel Martasek C.S. Raman Daniel Mansuy 《Journal of inorganic biochemistry》2006,100(12):2024
Genome sequencing has recently shown the presence of genes coding for NO-synthase (NOS)-like proteins in bacteria. The roles of these proteins remain unclear. The interactions of a series of l-arginine (l-arg) analogs and iron ligands with two recombinant NOS-like proteins from Staphylococcus aureus (saNOS) and Bacillus anthracis (baNOS) have been studied by UV–visible spectroscopy. SaNOS and baNOS in their ferric native state, as well as their complexes with l-arg analogs and with various ligands, exhibit spectral characteristics highly similar to the corresponding complexes of heme-thiolate proteins such as cytochromes P450 and NOSs. However, saNOS greatly differs from baNOS at the level of three main properties: (i) native saNOS mainly exists under an hexacoordinated low-spin ferric state whereas native baNOS is mainly high-spin, (ii) the addition of tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) or H4B analogs leads to an increase of the affinity of l-arg for saNOS but not for baNOS, and (iii) saNOS FeII, contrary to baNOS, binds relatively bulky ligands such as nitrosoalkanes and tert-butylisocyanide. Thus, saNOS exhibits properties very similar to those of the oxygenase domain of inducible NOS (iNOSoxy) not containing H4B, as expected for a NOSoxy-like protein that does not contain H4B. By contrast, the properties of baNOS which look like those of H4B-containing iNOSoxy are unexpected for a NOS-like protein not containing H4B. The origin of these surprising properties of baNOS remains to be determined. 相似文献
18.
Takashi Arima Yoshihisa Kitamura Tadashi Nishiya Takashi Taniguchi Hiroshi Takagi Yasuyuki Nomura 《Neurochemistry international》1997,30(6):964
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19.
Aleksandra Jankovi Biljana Buzadi Aleksandra Kora Vesna Petrovi Ana Vasilijevi Bato Kora 《Journal of thermal biology》2009,34(7):358-365
- 1. Retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RpWAT) antioxidative defense was investigated in untreated, l-arginine-treated and Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME)-treated rats kept at 4±1 °C (1, 3, 7, 12, 21 and 45 days) and compared to control rats at 22±1 °C.
- 2. Cold-acclimation-induced RpWAT weight decrease was accompanied by a decline in glutathione level and increased activity of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase at different time-points.
- 3. l-arginine accelerated RpWAT weight decrease, the increase in MnSOD and GST activities and the prolonged increase of catalase, MnSOD and GST activities. l-NAME delayed cold-induced catalase activity increase and tissue weight decrease. Prolonged l-NAME-treatment had a similar effect on RpWAT as l-arginine.
- 4. Results suggest the involvement of l-arginine/NO pathway in RpWAT oxidative metabolic augmentation induced by cold-acclimation.