Reviews

Plant Growth: Interaction with Nutrition and Environment. Ed. by J. R. P orter and D. W. L awlor
Molecular Strategies of Pathogens and Host Plants. Edited by S. S. P atil , S. O uchi , D. M ills and C. V ance
Phytophthora. Ed. by J. A. L ucas , R. C. S hattock , D. S. S haw and L ouise R. C ooke
Forestry Practice. Ed. by B. G. H ibberd
Reproductive Versatility in the Grasses. Ed. by G. P. C hapman     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article
Growth Regulators in Plant Science, Monograph 8. Ed. by M. B. J ackson , B. G rout and I. A. M ackenzie .
An Introduction to Plant Taxonomy. By C. J effrey .
Pest and Diseases of Tropical Crops , Vol. 1. By D. S. H ill and J. M. W aller .
Flora of Turkey , Vol. 7 ( Orobanchaceae to Ceratophyllaceae and Ruhiaceae ). Ed. by P. H. D avis , assisted by J. R. E dmondson , R. R. M ill and K. T an .
Plant Growth Curves. The Functional Approach to Plant Growth Analysis. By R oderick H unt .
Bryophyte Ecology. Ed. by A. J. E. S mith . Bryophyte Ecology. Ed. by A. J. E. S mith . Bryophyte Ecology. Ed. by A. J. E. S mith . Bryophyte Ecology. Ed. by A. J. E. S mith .
Forest Succession: concepts and application. Ed. by D. C. W est , M. H. S hugart and D. B otkin .     

Reviews

Transport of photoassimilates. Ed. by D. A. B aker and J. A. M ilburn.
Plant Lipids : Targets for Manipulation (British Plant Growth Regulator Group, Monograph No. 17). Ed. by N. J. P infield and A. K. S tobart.
Experimental Techniques in Plant Disease Epidemiology. Ed. by J. K ranz and J. R otem.
The Names of Plants. By D. G ledhill
Plant Form and Vegetation Structure. Ed. by M. J. A. W erger , P. J. M. V an der A art , H. J. D uring and J. T. A. V erhoeven.
Vegetation Structure in Relation to Carbon and Nutrient Economy. Ed. by J. T. A. V erhoeven , G. W. H eil and M. J. A. W erger .
Diversity and Pattern in Plant Communities. Ed. by H. J. D uring , M. J. A. W erger and J. H. W illems .     

REVIEWS

Stomatal Physiology. Ed. by P. G. J arvis and T. A. M ansfield
Evolution and Pollution. By A. D. B radwhaw and T. McNJ eilly
The Biology and Taxonomy of the Solanaceae. Ed. by J. G. H awkes , R. N. L ester and A. D. S kelding
Advances in Legume Science . Ed. by R. J. S ummerfield and A. H. B unting
The Shaping of Cambridge Botany . By S. M. W alters
Microbial Control of Pests and Plant Diseases 1970–1980. Ed. by H. D. B urges     

Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Herbicides and Plant Metabolism (Seminar series 38 Society for Experimental Biology) Ed. by A. D. D odge
Physical Methods in Plant Sciences 3. Vol. 11, Modern Methods of Plant-Analysis – New Series. Ed. by H.-F. L inskens and J. F. J ackson
Analyses of Growth and Development of Xanthium. By R. M aksymowich
Anatomy of European Woods – an atlas for the identification of European trees, shrubs and dwarf shrubs. By F. H. S chweingruber
Chromosomes Today , Volume 10. Ed. by K. F redga , B. A. K ihlman and M. D. B ennett
Pests of Stored Products and their Control. By D. S. H ill
Prospects in Systematics. (Systematics Association Special Volume No. 36.) Ed. by D. L. H awks -W orth
Aquatic Plant Book. By C hristopher D. K. C ook
Biological Invasions of Europe and the Mediterranean Basin. Ed, by F. D e C astri , A. J. H ansen and M. D ebussche
Geography Through Botany. By G. K unkel
Phytoarchaeology. By R. R. B rooks and D. J ohannes     

Reviews

Book Reviewed in this article:
Nitrogen Metabolism of Plants. Ed. by K. M engel and D. J. P ilbeam .
Extinction and Phylogeny . Ed. by M ichael J. N ovacek and Q uentin D. W heeler .
Anatomy of Flowering Plants. By P aula R udall .
Atlas of the Bryophytes of Britain and Ireland ; Volume 2, Mosses (except Diplolepideae). Ed by M. O. H ill , C. D. P reston and A. J. E. S mith .
Atlas of the Paleoclimates and Paleoenvironments of the Northern Hemisphere: Late Pleistocene-Holocene. Ed. by B. F renzel , M. P esci and A. A. V elichko .     

Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
The Physiology of Fungal Nutrition , by D. H. J ennings
Biochemistry of Metal Micronutrients in the Rhizo-sphere. By D. E. C rowley and E. L uster
The Haustorium. By N. N. B handari and K. G. M ckerji
Moss Protonema Differentiation. By S. C. B hatla
Plant Molecular Biology Labfax. Ed. by R. K. D. C roy
Plant Molecular Biology Manual. Ed. by S. B. G elvin and R. A. S chilperoort
The Cattleyas and their Relatives : 3. Schomburgkia, Sophronitis and other South American Genera. By C. L. W ithner
History of the Australian Vegetation : Cretaceous to Recent. Ed. by R obert S. H ill
Managing Habitats for Conservation. Ed. by W illiam J. S utherland and D avid A. H ill     

Reviews

Book Reviewed in This Article:
Tropische Nutzpflanzen. By H einz B rücher .
The Molecular Biology of Plant Cells. Ed. by H. S mith .
Plant Metabolism. By H. D. K umar and H. N. S ing h.
The Ribonucleic Acids. Ed. by P. R. S tewart and D. S. L etham .
Transport Phenomena in Plants. By D. A. B aker .
Transport of Ions and Water in Animals. Ed. by B. L. G upta , R. B. M oreton , J. L. O scham and B. J. W all .
Water in Plants Bibliography. Ed. by J. P ospisilova and J. S olarova .
Advances in Botanical Research. Vol. 4. Ed. by R. D. P reston and H. W. W oolhouse .
Progress in Botany: Morphology: Physiology: Genetics: Taxonomy: Geobotany. Ed. by H einz E llenerg , K arl E sser , H ermann M erxmuller , E berhard S chnepf and H ubert Z eigler .
Progress in Botany – Morphology, Physiology, Genetics, Taxonomy, Geobotany. Ed. by H. E llenberg , K. E sser , H. M erxmüller , E. S chnepf and H. Z iegler .
Plant Root Systems. By R. S cott R ussell .
Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises. Edited by K enneth S. N orris .     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
The Natural Historv of Antelopes By C. A. Spinage.  

Shorter notices

Towards Hazard Assessment: Properties and Effects of Endosulphan Applied Sequentially as Drift Spray for Tsetse Fly Control by R. J. Douthwaite.
WWF Yearbook 1985/86, Ed. by Cassandra Philips.
Evolutionary Biology (Second Edition) by D. J. Futuyma.
Community Ecology: Patterns and Process, Ed. by J. Kikkawa & D. J. Anderson.
Tropical Ecology by D. E. Pomeroy & M. W. Service (with contributions by J. K. E. Egunjobi & N. Dickinson).
Our Common Future: A Reader's Guide by D. Hinrischen.
Kora: An Ecolgical Inventory of'the Kora Nuriontal Reserve, Kenya, Ed. by M. Coe & N. M. Collins
Colonisation, Succession and Stability, Ed. by A. J. Gray, M. J. Crawley & P. J Edwards.
Mediterranean Marine. Avifauna: Population Studies.r and Conservation, Ed. By MEDMARAVIS & X. Monbailliu.     

REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article:
Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series, Volume 18. Higher Plant Cell Respiration. Ed. by R. D ouce and D. A. D ay
Hormones, Receptors and Cellular Interactions in Plants. Ed. by C. M. C hadwick and D. R. G arrod
Nitrogen Fixation in Plants, Tertiary Level Biology Series. By R. O. D. D ixon and C. T. W heeler     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Nitrogen Fixation by Free-living Micro-organisms. Ed. by W. D. P. S tewart .
International Biological Programme. Volume 7: Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Plants. Ed. by P. S. N utman .
Gibberellins and Plant Growth. Ed. by H. M. K rishnamoorthy .
Cytodifferentiation in Plants. By L. W. R oberts .
Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series. Ed. by A. P irson and M. H. Z immerman .
Traité de Paléobotanique : Volume 4, fascicle 2: Pteridophylla (ist part). By E. B oureau and J. D oubinger .
Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Volume 5. Ed. by P. H. D avis , assisted by V. A. M atthews , F. K. K upicha & B. S. P arris .
Physiological Plant Ecology. By W. L archer . Translated from the German by M. A. B iederman -T horson .
The Biology of Eucalypts , By L. D. P ryor .
The Morphology of Pteridophytes. By K. R. S porne .
European Floristic and Taxonomic Studies, B.S.B.I. Conference Report No. 15. Ed. by S. M. W alters (with the assistance of C. J. K ing ).     

Reviews

Advances in Botanical Research . Vol. 14. Ed. by J. A. C allow .
Inorganic Nitrogen Metabolism . Ed. by W. R. U llrich , P. J. A paricio , P. J. S yrett and F. C astillo .
A Centry od Nitrogen Fixation Research . Ed. by F. J. B ergersen and J. R. P ostgate .
Horizons in Lichenology . Ed. by D. H. D alby , D. L. H awksworth and S. L. J ury .
Introduction to Ecological Biochemistry , By J. B. H arborne .
Russell's Soil Conditions and Plant Growth, Ed. by A lan W ild .
Disease and Plant Population Biology . By J. J. B urdon.
Molecular Determinants of Plant Diseases . Ed. by S. N ishimura , C. P. V ance and N. D oke.
British Fungus Flora, Agrics and Boleti 5. Strophariaceae & Coprinaceae P.P.: Hypholoma, Melanotus, Psilocybe, Stropharia, Lacrymaria & Panaeolus, Psilocybe, Stropharia, Lacrymaria & Panaeolus, By R W atling and M. N. G regory .
Mechanisms of Woody Plant Defenses Against Insects . Ed. by W. J. M attson , J. L evieux and C. B ernard -D agan .
Air Pollution and Acid Rain. The Biological Impact . By A. W ellburn .
The Australian Paniceae (Paniceae) . By R. D. W erster .
Kew Index for 1986 . Compiled by R.A. D avies and K.M. L loyd .
Kew Index for 1987 . Compiled by R. A. D avies and K. M. L loyd .
Index Kewensis Supplement XVII . Compiled by J. L. M. P inner , T. A. B ence , R. A. D avies and K. M. L loyd .
Index Kewensis Supplement XVIII . Compiled by J. L. M. P inner , T. A. B ence , R. A. D avies and K. M. L loyd . Edited by R. A. D avies .
The Botany of Mangroves . By P. B. T omlinson .
Floweroing Plants in West Africa . By M argaret S teentoft .
Plants in Danger . By S. D. D avies     

Reviews

Book Reviewed in this article:
Botanical Microtechnique and Cytochemistry. By G. P. Berlyn and J. P. Miksche.
Annual Review of Plant Physiology. Ed. by W. R. Briggs.
Mechanical Design in Organisms. By S. A. Wainwright, W. D. Biggs, J. D. Currey & J. M. Gosline.
Uptake of Ions by Plant Roots. By D. J. F. Bowling.
Phytochrome and Photomorphogenesis. By Harry Smith.
Water and Plants. By Hans Meidner and D. W. Sheriff.
Physiological Aspects of Dryland Farming. Edited by U. S. Gupta.
Pollen: Biology, Biochemistry, Management. By R. G. Stanley and H. F. Linskens.
The Evolutionary Significance of the Exine. Ed. by I. K. Ferguson and J. Muller.
Cell Division in Higher Plants. Ed. by M. M. Yeoman.
Intercellular Communication in Plants: Studies on Plasmodesmata Ed. by B. E. S. Gunning & A. W. Robards.
Methods in Plant Ecology. Ed. by S. B. Chapman
Ökologie DER Pflazen By Walter Larcher.
Progress in Botany. Vol. 37. Ed. by H. Ellenberg, K. Esser, H. Merxmüller, E. Schnepf & H. Ziegler.
British Botanical and Horticultural Literature before 1800. By Blanche Henrey.     

REVIEWS

Book review in this article
Biosynthesis of Aromatic Compounds . Ed. by G. B illek .
Incompatibility in Fungi—A Symposium held at the 10th International Congress of Botany in Edinburgh, August 1964. Ed. by K arl E sser and J ohn R. R aper .
Cyclitols and Phospho-inositides . Ed. by H. K indl .
Spores, Their Dormancy and Germination . By A lfred S. S ussman and H arlyn O. H alverson .
About Plants: Topics in Plant Biology . By F. C. S teward with A. D. K rikorian and R. D. H olsten .
The Chromosomes of the Algae . Seven authors, Ed. by M. B. E. G odward .
La Végétation Forestière du Québec méridional . By M iroslav M. G randtner .
The Power of Movement in Plants . By C harles D arwin assisted by F rancis D arwin , with a preface by B arbara G illespie P ickard .
California Mountain Wildflowers . By P. A. M unz .     

Reviews

Books reviwed in this article:
Handbook of Phycological Methods – Developmental and Cytological Methods . Ed. by E lisabeth G antt
Endogenous Plant Growth Substances. By T homas A. H ill
Plants and Islands. Ed. by D. B ramwell
Forest Ecology. By S tephen H. S purr and B urton V. B arnes
Biochemistry and Physiology of Plant Hormones. By T. C. M oore
Bryophyte Systematics. Ed. by G. C. S. C larke and J. G. D uckett
Spät- und postglaziale Waldgeschichte der Alpen auf grund der bisherigan Pollen-analysen . By F. K ral
Nature and Origins of Carbohydrates in Soils. By M. V. C heshire
Morphology and Infrageneric Relationships of the Getius Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae). University of California Publications in Botany, Volume 74. By B ijan D ehgan and G randy L. W ebster
Amenity Grassland: An Ecological Perspective. Ed. by I. H. R orison and R oderick H unt
The Plant Seed. Development, Preservation and Germination. Ed. by I. R ubenstein , R. L. P hillips , C. E. G reen and B. G. G engenbach     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article
Mycoplasma Diseases of Trees and Shrubs. Ed. by K. M aramorosch and S. P. R aychaudhuhi .
Alpine Rasengesellschaften auf Silikatgestein bei Davos. By L uca V etterli .
The Rust Fungi. Ed. by K. J. S cott and A. K. C hakravorty .
Environment and Plant Ecology. By J. R. E thehington .
Cryptogams. By K. E sser
Nitrogen fixation. Volume 1: Ecology. Ed. by W. J. B roughton .
Agricultural Plants. By R. H. M. L anger and G. D. H ill
Decomposer Basidiomycetes: their Biology and Ecology. Ed. by J. C. F rankland , J. N. H edger and M. J. S wift .
Cell Walls'81: Proceeding of the Second Cell Wall Meeting held in Gottingen, April 8–11, 1981. Ed. by D. G. R obinson and H. Q uader .     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Biomathematics and cell kinetics. Developments in Cell Biology , Volume 8. Ed. by M. Rotenberg
Cell Proliferation in the Gastrointestinal Tract. Ed. by D. R. A ppleton , J. P. S unter and A. J. W atson
Advanced Cell Biology . Ed. by L. M. S chwartz and M. M. A zar     

REVIEWS

The Living Tundra. By Yu. I. C hernov . Translated by D. L öve .
Cell Ageing and Cell Death. Society for Experimental Biology Seminar Series 25. Ed. by I. D avies and D. C. S igee .
Lake Sediments and Environmental History: Studies in Palaeolimnology in Honour of Winifred Tutin. Ed. by E. Y. H aworth and J. W. G. L und .
Plant Molecular Biology (Tertiary Level Biology). By D. G rierson and S. C ovey .     

Hybridization and F1 backcrosses between two closely related tropical species of sea urchins (genus Echinometra) in Okinawa

Summary

Four species of sea urchins of the genus Echinometra, designated species A, B, C, and D, occur along the coast of Okinawa; they are distinguished by color pattern and other characteristics. The two most distinct species, Echinometra sp. A (Ea) with white-tipped spines and Echinometra sp. D (Ed) with nearly black spines (possibly E. oblonga), were examined for potential hybridization through a series of fertilization experiments and rearing of the resulting hybrids. Fertilization was reciprocally asymmetrical; Ed ova were readily fertilized by sperm of Ea, but less than 20% of the ova of Ea were fertilized by sperm of Ed. Nevertheless, hybrids resulting from crosses in both directions developed normally through larval and juvenile stages to produce sexually mature adults. Larvae of Ed♀×Ea♂ and Ed♂×Ed♀ were larger than those of Ea♂ × Ed♀ and Ea♂ × Ea♀, reflecting the larger eggs of Ed. However, Ea♂×Ea♀ juveniles and later stages, up to maturity, were consistently larger than those of equivalent ages of the other crosses; largest to smallest were Ea♂×Ea♀, Ed♂×Ea♀, Ea♂ × Ed♀, and Ed♂×Ed♀, respectively. Ova and sperm of the hybrids were viable and fertilizable in all combination of crosses, although fertilization of those of Ed♂×Ea♀ hybrids was consistently higher than those of Ea♂ × Ed♀ hybrids. These experiments represent the first reported successful production of hybrid sea urchins with viable gametes. They indicate that reproductive isolation is achieved by prezygotic isolating mechanisms in these two species. Of these mechanisms, gametic incompatibility is probably only partly involved, if at all, and differences in spawning times, habitat segregation, or other factors appear to be important for maintaining reproductive isolation in these closely related species.