FasL—Fas／APO—1（CD95）系统

Ｆａｓ配体（ＦａｓＬ）与Ｆａｓ受体（Ｆａｓ,即ＡＰＯ－１,又称ＣＤ９５）分别属于肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）及ＴＮＦ受体（ＴＮＦＲ）家族,以膜分子或可溶性分子形式存在于哺乳类机体内。ＦａｓＬ或Ｆａｓ单克隆抗体（ＦａｓｍＡｂ）与Ｆａｓ结合可引起Ｆａｓ了性反应细胞的功能增强,继而出现程序性细胞死亡（ＰＣＤ）。ＦａｓＬ与Ｆａｓ相互作用及其所介导的信息途径是目前ＰＣＤ研究的重要内容之一。     

冰核真菌的冰核活性及其种类鉴定

作者从１９９３年起至今,从已分离和搜集到的５００多株真菌中筛选出在－５℃具有冰核活性的真菌６株,它们在－５℃的冰滴率高低顺序为Ｆ９５０２（１００％）＝Ｆ９５０１（１００％）〉Ｆ９４０１（９６％）＝ＡＳ３．４５９４（９６％）〉Ｆ９８０１（９４％）〉Ｆ９８０２（９２％）,结冰点高低顺序为Ｆ９５０２（－２．７℃）〉Ｆ９５０１（－３．４℃）〉Ｆ９４０１（－４．４℃）〉ＡＳ３．４５９４（－４．５℃）〉Ｆ９８     

迷走神经兴奋对HRV的影响及其机制的初步分析

实验在氯醛糖加氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉的新西兰兔上进行。记录血压、心率、心电图和心率变异性（ＨＲＶ）频谱分析。电刺激减压神经（ＤＮ）,疑核（ＮＡ）和右侧迷走神经（ＲＶ）外周端,均引起心率和血压下降（Ｐ＜０．００１）,总变异性（ＴＶ）、低频成分（ＬＦ）、高频成分（ＨＦ）、ＬＦ／ＨＦ比值（ＬＦ／ＨＦ）和极低频成分（ＶＬＦ）增大（Ｐ＜０．０５－０．００１）。静脉注射阿托品可使上述反应显著减小（Ｐ＜０．０５－０．０１）,而静脉注射心得安仅可阻断ＤＮ和ＮＡ所致ＬＦ的增大（Ｐ＜０．０５）。以上结果表明：迷走神经是ＨＲＶ的主要调节者之一;ＨＦ由迷走神经单独介导;ＬＦ受迷走神经和交感神经共同调制;迷走神经参与ＶＬＦ波的形成     

解剖和生理死腔变化在高频双向喷射通气中的意义

本实验对９只蒸汽吸入伤犬在高频喷射通气（ＨＦＪＶ）或高频双向喷射通气（ＨＦＴＪＶ）条件下解剖死腔（Ｖ＿（ａｎａｔ））和生理死腔（Ｖ＿（ｐｈｙｓ）的变化进行了观察。结果：①ＨＦＪＶ和ＨＦＴＪＶ的ＣＯ＿２排出量（Ｖｃｏ＿２）（４．９０±０．６５,６．３２±１．３０ｍｌ·ｍｉｎ￣１·ｋｇ￣１）的差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）,②ＨＦＴＪＶ的ＶＶ＿（ａｎａｔ）（７６．６６±１９ｍｌ）和Ｖ＿（ｐｈｙｓ）（８０．８７±２０ｍｌ）比ＨＦＪＶ（分别为８８．１７±２２ｍｌ和９０．６９±２２ｍｌ）的均显著减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）。③ＨＦＪＶ和ＨＦＴＪＶ的功能残气量（ＦＲＣ）（４３３±５６,４４４±５６ｍｌ无显著差异。因此,ＨＦＴＪＶ确有加速ＣＯ＿２排除的效能,其作用应归因于Ｖ＿（ａｎａｔ）,和Ｖ＿（ｐｈｙｓ）的减少,它可能成为解决Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭ＣＯ＿２排除障碍的一种有效途径。     

猕猴F2及F4区皮层神经元在图形引导的有序运动中放电活动的比较

用细胞外记录的方法研究了猕猴在执行图形辨认引导的有序运动（ＦＲＳ）时大脑皮层弓形沟距周围背外侧运动前皮层（ＰＭｄ）Ｆ２区和腹外侧运动前皮层（ＰＭｖ）Ｆ４区的放电活动在ＦＲＳ的暗示期,Ｆ２和Ｆ４区中分别有５２％（３９／７５）和１６．９％（１３／７７）的细胞发生放电变化;在触摸反应期,各有５１％（３８／７５）和８７％（６７／７７）的细胞发生放电变化,经统计检验,均有显著差异。Ｆ２区比Ｆ４区有更多细胞对     

表皮生长因子对肺泡巨噬细胞趋化性的调控

采用测定趋化性的方法,观察了表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ）和纤维连接蛋白（ＦＮ）对肺泡巨噬细胞（ＡＭ）趋化运动的影响。结果显示,ＥＧＦ能抑制ＡＭ的趋化性,量效关系显著（ｒ＝－０．９９１０,Ｐ＜０．０１）,而ＥＧＦ本身对ＡＭ并不表现趋化吸引作用。ＦＮ亦能抑制ＡＭ的趋化性（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＥＧＦ和ＦＮ两者协同作用时,对ＡＭ趋化性的抑制程度大于各自的单独作用（Ｐ＜０．０１）。实验证明ＥＧＦ具有调节ＡＭ趋化运动的非促丝裂功能。提示肺内的细胞因子ＥＧＦ和细胞外基质成分ＦＮ参与肺部炎症及免疫反应的调控。     

EGF家族研究进展

自１９６２年Ｃｏｈｅｎ报道发现ＥＧＦ以来,３０多年的时间里已经先后发现了ＥＧＦ、ＴＧＦ－α、ＨＢ－ＥＧＦ、ＡＲ（ａｍｐｈｉｒｅｇｕｌｉｎ）、ＢＴＣ（ｂｅｔａｃｅｌｕｌｉｎ）、ＮＧＲ（ｎｅｕｒｏｒｅｇｕｌｉｎ）、ＨＲＧ（ｈｅｒｅｇｕｌｉｎ）与ＥＰＲ（ｅ...     

第二信使介导模拟低氧下丘脑CRF分泌

用模拟高原低氧的方法研究急性低氧条件下促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子（ｃｏｒｔｉｃｏｔｒｏｐｉｎ－ｒｅｌｅａｓｉｎｇｆａｃｔｏｒ,ＣＲＦ）分泌的变化及第二信使参与ＣＲＦ分泌的作用。低氧（海拔７ｋｍ）１ｈ后,正中隆起（ｍｅｄｉａｎｅｍｉｎｅｎｃｅ,ＭＥ）处ＣＲＦ含量明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）,下丘脑（ｈｙｐｏｔｈａｌａｍｕｓ,Ｈｙ）ＣＲＦ（不含ＭＥ）含量无明显变化,而Ｈｙ内ｃＡＭＰ含量明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）。脑室注射Ｆｏｒｓｋｌｉｎ、ＴＰＡ后低氧暴露（海拔５ｋｍ）１ｈ,ＭＥＣＲＦ含量下降（Ｐ＜０．０５;Ｐ＜０．０５）,ＨｙＣＲＦ无明显变化。脑室注射Ｆｏｒｓｋｌｉｎ后ＨｙｃＡＭＰ含量升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。脑室注射Ｈ７和ＰＫＡ抑制剂,ＭＥＣＲＦ升高（Ｐ＜０．０５;Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＨｙＣＲＦ和ＨｙｃＡＭＰ均无显著变化。上述结果表明急性低氧应激中ＣＲＦ分泌显著增加,第二信使通路ＰＫＡ和ＰＫＣ通路均参与ＣＲＦ分泌     

中国横断山区竹亚科箭竹属新分类群

报道了中国西南部横断山区竹亚科箭竹属６个新种,４个新变型,它们是：马歌箭竹（ＦａｒｇｅｓｉａａｕｒｉｔａＨｓｕｅｈｅｔＨｕｉ）阔叶箭竹（Ｆ．ｍａｃｒｏｐｈｙｌｌａＨｓｕｅｈｅｔＨｕｉ）怒江箭竹（Ｆ．ｎｕｊｉａｎｇｅｓｉｓＨｓｕｅｈｅｔＨｕｉ）兰坪箭竹（Ｆ．ｎｕｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｆ．ｌａｎｐｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓＨｓｕｅｈｅｔＨ．Ｒ．Ｚｈａｎｇ）纹鞘箭竹（Ｆ．ｎｕｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｆ．ｓｔｒｉａｔａＨ     

肝细胞生长因子对四氯化碳损伤肝细胞的保护作用及相关基因表达

利用无血清原代培养大鼠肝细胞,观察重组人肝细胞生长因子（ｒｈＨＧＦ）对ＣＣｌ４染毒肝细胞的保护作用。结果表明：（１）ｒｈＨＧＦ（５ｎｇ／ｍｌ）预自理后可显著提高ＣＣｌ４（１５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）染毒肝细胞存活率,降低细胞内丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ＡＬＴ）、Ｋ＾＋的漏出;（２）表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ,５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ）和ｒｈＨＧＦ（５ｎｇ／ｍｌ）合用预处理肝细胞,ＣＣｌ４染毒后细胞内ＡＬＴ、Ｋ＾＋漏出较ｒｈＨＧＦ和     

Chlorophyll isolation,structure and function: major landmarks of the early history of research in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union

This paper covers major events of the early history of chlorophyll research in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union from 1771 until 1952, when the modern period of studies on photosynthesis began in full swing. Short biographical sketches of key scientists, reviews of their major research contributions and some selected photographs are included. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

巴戟天根的结构及其与蒽醌类化合物积累的关系

应用石蜡切片法、荧光显微镜和紫外分光光度法,对不同年生巴戟天根组织结构的变化进行了观察、对蒽醌类化合物在根中的分布场所及其积累动态进行了研究。结果表明:巴戟天根的结构类似一般多年生草本植物,薄壁细胞是巴戟天根中蒽醌类化合物的分布储存场所,蒽醌类化合物含量随着根生长年限的增加而增加。由以上研究总结出巴戟天以四年或四年以上采收为好,并以根皮厚、木心细者为上品。     

Protein intake regulation in the weanling rat: Effects of additions of lysine,arginine and ammonia on the selection of gluten and energy

The effects of adding lysine, arginine and ammonia to gluten on the self-selection of protein and energy by the weanling rat simultaneously offered a choice of two diets differing only in gluten concentration (15 and 55%) were tested. Previous studies have shown that while lysine (6 g/100 g) additions to gluten decreased the amount of gluten selected by the rat from 40 to 20 g per 100 g of food eaten, selection was not related to the nutritional quality of the gluten. When graded levels of arginine (1.8, 3.6 or 7.2 g/100 g) were added to the gluten with or without lysine (0 or 6 g/100 g) the dietary protein selection was unaffected. The addition of ammonia (1.4 g/100 g as NH₄Cl) to gluten had initially the same effect as lysine (6 g/100 g) but with time protein intake returned to control levels. This effect of ammonia was unaltered by arginine additions. It is concluded that the mechanisms which lead to decreases in gluten selection caused by lysine or ammonia are not similar, and that the effects of lysine on gluten selection are not caused by an increased arginine requirement for urea cycle activity.     

自分泌生长因子对早期胚胎体外发育的影响(简报)

生长因子(Growth Factors,GFs)对于调节哺乳动物胚胎的早期发育和分化起着重要作用,这些GFs存在于雌性生殖道,也可由胚胎自身合成。正是由于这种自分泌GFs的存在,使我们可以通过改变胚胎培养密度或添加外源性GFs来定性或定量研究GFs对胚胎发育和分化的影响,对于了解GFs在分子水平上的作用途径和机制有着重要的意义。     

河南玉兰属两新变种

发表河南玉兰属两新变种,即：①狭被望春玉兰(Yulania biondii (Pamp.) D. L. Fu var. angustitepala D. L. Fu, T. B. Zhao et D. W. Zhao,var. nov.);②椭圆叶罗田玉兰(Y. pilocarpa (Z. Z. Zhao et Z. W. Xie) D. L. Fu var. ellipticifolia D. L. Fu, T. B. Zhao et J. Zhao,var. nov.)。     

The effect of intrauterine infusions of prostaglandin E2 on luteal function in nonpregnant gilts

Two trials were conducted to study the effects of intrauterine infusions of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) on luteal function in nonpregnant gilts. Cannulae were surgically implanted on day 9 postestrus into the lumen of each horn with a cephalic vein cannula inserted for collection of peripheral blood. Intrauterine infusions of 0, 25, 75 or 200 mug of PGE(2) were initiated at 0900 h on day 12 and administered thereafter every 12 hr until estrus or day 22 in the first trial. The second trial protocol included an increase in the dose of PGE(2) administered as well as the frequency of infusion. Infusion of 0, 200, 300 or 400 mug PGE(2) was begun at 0300 h on day 12 and continued every 6 hr until estrus or day 22. Cephalic plasma samples for progesterone analysis were collected every six hours from 0300 h on day 11 to 2100 h on day 26 in both trials. In Trial 1 mean plasma progesterone concentrations for all treatments were not different (P>0.05) from the controls on any given day of the estrous cycle. Interestrous interval was unaffected by intrauterine infusion of PGE(2). The mean plasma progesterone concentrations for all treatments were not different (P>0.05) from the controls on days 11-18 of the estrous cycle in Trial 2. However, plasma progesterone concentrations for the 200-mug and 300-mug PGE(2) groups appeared to be greater than the controls on days 14 and 15, indicating a possible delay in the decline of progesterone for these groups. The mean plasma progesterone concentrations for the treatment groups were lower (P<0.05) than the controls on days 20-26 of the cycle. treatment cycle length did not differ (P>0.05) from previous cycle length; thus treatment with PGE(2) had no effect on interestrous interval. PGE(2) may have retarded the decline of progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum in some cases, but at these dosages and frequencies of administration PGE(2) was ineffective in prolonging luteal maintenance.     

刺叶柄棘豆的一个新变型--白花刺叶柄棘豆

描述了棘豆属(豆科)刺叶柄棘豆(Oxytropis acipblla Ledeb．)的一个新变型：白花刺叶柄棘豆O．aciphylla Ledeb．f．albiflora Z．Y．Chang,Z．H．Wu et L．R．Xu。原变型的花冠为红紫色或蓝紫色,而新变型的花冠为白色。     

Molecular structure for microbial polysaccharides: conformation of the Klebsiella serotype K9 capsular polysaccharide

Fibre type X-ray diffraction patterns have been obtained from oriented, semicrystalline films prepared from the sodium salt form of the bacterial capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K9. The molecule has a pentasaccharide repeating sequence, with four neutral residues in the backbone and a glucoronic acid side chain. A novel feature of the molecule is the incorporation of α-l-rhamnose residues, one 1,2 linked and two 1,3 linked in the backbone. Analysis of the X-ray diffraction results indicate an extended three-fold helical conformation with an axially projected chemical repeat of 1.377 nm. Both left and right handed helices have been examined using linked atom least squares techniques to optimize the stereochemistry while simultaneously meeting the observed helical parameters.